Village Electrification by Advanced Electrical Technologies

INTRODUCTION
Development in renewable energy systems. Power electronics find applications in most RES technologies, solar and wind energy systems. Because these play a very important role in development of rural areas.

Each manufacturer is trying to find new concepts in order to achieve better system yield.

 Photovoltaic and wind turbine applications are increasing. Each manufacturer is trying to find new concepts in order to achieve better system yield. Mainly this paper discuss about the solar panels.

POWER ELECTRONICS FOR PV APPLICATIONS

PHOTO VOLTAIC MODULES

It consists of several solar cells. These produce electricity due to a quantum mechanic process known as the photovoltaic effect. Different types of semiconductor materials are used. Mono crystalline Si cells, polycrystalline Si cells and amorphous Si cells

GRID SYSTEMS
Two types of grid systems.
1. Off grid system. 2. Utility grid system.

In off grid system voltage and current must be stable.

In off grid system dc-dc conversion topologies are used.

Step Down Converters

Step Up Converters

Combination Of Step Down And Step Up Converters

Maximum Power Point Tracker

In order to maximize the performance of the string, in most charge regulators a maximum power point tracker (MPPT) controller is used. Gain can vary widely depending on temperature, battery state of charge, and other factors. It converts the DC input to high frequency AC, and then back to a different DC voltage and current in order to match the panel voltage to that of the batteries.

 Inverters convert DC to AC. The inverter is not suitable for most electronic devices.

Inverters cannot produce pure AC output.

Different types of inverters are used. The multi string inverter is a development of the string inverter.

Solar Panels In Rural Areas

Pico PV Systems (PPS)

 Classical Solar Home Systems (SHS):

 Solar Residential Systems (SRS):

ADVANTAGES
Local revenue. Local jobs. Development of utility grids. Cost efficient.

CONCLUSION

Due to the high demand for renewable energy sources applications, there is a continuing research for improving the total efficiency of these applications and by improving each electronic part included for production of electrical energy from renewable energy sources improves the rural areas and plays an important role in development