C/W

13th December 2007

How did the Nazis keep control using Terror

Learning Aims I will be able to identify at least three ways of control through terror I will produce a spider gram showing your findings

Key Quote
Terror is the best political weapon for nothing drives people harder than a fear of sudden death.

The stick and carrot method

How did Hitler keep control of Germany?

Control through terror

Control through propaganda

Keeping Control of Germany

Control through popularity (keeping promises)

Ripping up the Treaty of Versailles

Creating Jobs

How did Hitler keep control?

a. TERROR

Who were considered enemies of the State?

Communists Social Democrats Jews Homosexuals Disabled people Anyone who criticised or went against Hitler or the Nazis Gypsies Anyone who wasnt a pure German Trade unionists Work shy pacifists

Please compile this spider gram in your books.

The Gestapo

Nazis Methods Of Control.

The Police, the courts and the prisons

Polices towards press and other political parties

 Group 1 is now going to present to you the methods of control used by Hitler and the Nazis in order to create a Terror State Be sure to ask any questions if you dont understand something, as this will not be retaught

Nazis Methods Of Control.

By Luke, Nicole and Nishat.

The Gestapo
They were originally the Prussian secret police. The committee was run by Herman Goering. In June 1936 it changed and became the state secret police. They were now under the command of Heinrich Himmler. The Gestapo would tape telephones with bugs to hear convosations. They would spy on people and had a network of informers in Germany. Anyone who whispered bad words about Hitler they would be arrested. The Gestapo had stopped all parties who were in competition with Hitler. They would strike on anyone at anytime at any place. The Gestapo took nothing from know one, everybody feared them. The Gestapo had eyes everywhere and on everyone. They stopped people even thinking or talking about Hitler. They had complete control throughout Germany.

The Police, the courts and the prisons

When Nazis gained power, the old police were not got rid of Police under commands of SS Oath of loyalty to Hitler by judges Nazis used the courts to get opponents punished on technical terms (no. of death penaltys rose from 3 in 1933 to 46 in 1943)

Why did the Nazis decide people deserved death?

1. 2. 3. 4. If you were to break into a soldiers house during war Sexual relationship with a Jew Stealing from air-raid storage depot If you were to mug someone and you had a criminal record or a family criminal record

Concentration camps
they were disused warehouses Opponents were taken there for torture and hard labour

Polices towards press and other politicalIfparties any press (or any one) started rumours

Press had no will to write anything against the Nazis or Hitler Other political parties were banned Only pictures were allowed to be taken of the Nazis or adverts made IF it was to support Nazi propaganda
IF YOU WERE TO BE ARRESTED YOU WOULD NEVER BE FREED. YOU WOUL ONLY COME BACK DEAD AND PARENTS WOULD BE TOLD YOU DID SUICIDE OR SHOT WHEN TRYING TO RUN AWAY

then they would be reported to the local leader Then the company or any person who were spreading rumours would have been sent to prison or gotten rid of

Methods of Control:If any one was to reported to the Nazis then they wouldve been silently arrested. The Nationalists Secret Police would come late at night, and early in the morning and would arrest you when you are in relaxed moment

So what was the role of these two men?

Goering

Himmler

SS

How were each of the following used to create a terror state?

Gestapo informers

Concentration camps

Courts

How did the Terror State Work?

Everyone knew someone who knew someone else who had been in a concentration camp. 800,000 Germans were imprisoned from 1933 1945 as Enemies of the State. 500,000 were executed by being shot in the neck.

How did the Terror State Work?

You are imprisoned for up to six months doing hard physical labour. You are handed over to the SS who run the concentration camps. When you are released you tell everybody what has happened to you Gestapo Spies inform on you

Fear
Days or maybe weeks later you are interviewed and asked to sign form D11

You are woken up by the Gestapo at 1 am in the morning and told that you have 5 minutes to pack your bags.

By signing this form you are giving your consent to be put into a concentration camp.

You are arrested and thrown into a cell at the police station

The Gestapo
Goering

Himmler

Originally Prussian secret police, run by Goering June 1936, became branch of SS run by Himmler Became state police after 1936 Tapped telephone calls, intercepted mail, spied on people Anyone who whispered opposition were arrested They would strike any German at any time

The SS
Originally: private bodyguard for Hitler means Schutz Staffel or protection squad Expanded from 500 to 50 000 men elite force of tall, blonde, blue eyed, Aryan supermen Strict physical standards to get in Run by Heinrich Himmler Helped Hitler crush the SA in Night of the Long Knives (1934) Thereafter became main instrument of terror wore black uniforms instead of brown of SA ruthless and fiercely loyal to Hitler had almost unlimited power to arrest people without trial, search houses or confiscate property also ran the concentration camps Soon had their own fighting units - the Waffen SS

 Began as temporary prisons - in disused factories/warehouses or temporary enclosures Set up by SS and SA; run by SS Political opponents taken there for questioning, torture, hard labour and reeducation Slave labour used to manufacture weapons or work on public works schemes Later on, after 1939, used for the mass murder of Jews and other enemies of the state

Concentration camps

Controlling the legal system

Nazis took control of existing police forces & courts Police put under command of Himmler & SS Judges swore oath of loyalty to Hitler The conventional courts also used by Nazis to try their political opponents & traitors Previous laws remained in force but new ones added Number of crimes punishable by death rose from 3 in 1933 to 46 in 1943

Block leaders & informers

Each town divided into blocks each block had a Block Warden or Leader Weekly visits: collected donations & checked up on people Acted as eyes & ears of Nazis snooped on neighbours Wrote reports on political reliability could determine whether someone got a job reported anyone who thought independently e.g. telling antiHitler jokes; hosting illegal political meetings; not flying Nazi flags

Gestapo headquarters

Key Quote: Martin Niemollen, 1945

When the Nazis came for the Communists I was silent, I was not a Communist. When the Nazis came for the Social Democrats I was silent, I was not a Social Democrat. When the Nazis came for the Jews I was silent, I was not a Jew. When the Nazis came for me there was nobody left to protest.

How did Hitler keep control of Germany?

The Terror State
Secret police called the Gestapo would spy on and arrest enemies of the state.
SS were responsible for running the concentration camps.

Propaganda
Mass Rallies, Posters and Propaganda films.

Keeping Control of Germany

The Nazis controlled and censored the radio & newspapers. School children were indoctrinated with Nazi ideas at school. Hitler Youth & the Young Maidens.

Everyone was scared of being arrested by the Gestapo and being put in a concentration camp.

Popularity
Ripping up the Treaty of Versailles. Creating Jobs

How did Hitler keep control of Germany?

The Terror State
ies of the state.

Propaganda
Mass Rallies, Posters and Propaganda films. The Nazis controlled and censored the radio & newspapers. School children were indoctrinated with Nazi ideas at school. Hitler Youth & the Young Maidens.

SS were responsible for running the concentration camps.

Overview: Keeping Control of Germany

Everyone was scared of being arrested by the Gestapo and being put in a concentration camp.

Popularity
Ripping up the Treaty of Versailles. Creating Jobs