AUYONG SIOK MAY SANDRA AYE AYE AUNG BEH HOOI WOON CHAN NGET LOONG CHEN DEJUN

CHEN KANG CHEN XIN CHEN LEI

 Introduction Benefits of Aggregate Factors affecting Strength of Concrete Classification of Aggregate (Size, Source, Density) Aggregate Production Sampling of Aggregate Properties of Aggregate

(to be filled by the rest of team for individual sections)

 At least three-quarters of the volume of concrete is occupied by aggregates Aggregate is importance because it influences the performance of concrete
Composition of Concrete Air Portland Cement Gravel of Crushed Stone (Coarse Aggregate) Sand (Fine Aggregate) Water

 Cheaper use of coarser aggregates lowers cost of concrete mix by reducing cement requirements economical filler of 60-80% by volume in concrete
Higher volume stability Rigid and strong compared to cement paste

Better durability
Provides ductility in concrete

 Strength of the aggregate (e.g. surface texture, cleanness, particle shape, maximum size) Shrinkage and creep (e.g. stiffness, grading) Abrasion (hardness)

 SIZE
Coarse aggregates (>5mm) Fine aggregates (<5mm) No.4 ASTM sieve is used to differentiate fine and coarse aggregates
Classification Clay Silt Fine aggregates Coarse aggregates Size <60m 2m - 60m 60m -5mm >5mm

Maximum aggregate size: The largest sieve size that allows all the aggregate to pass through
Nominal maximum aggregate size: The sieve size that less than 10 % of aggregate retain on it

Natural aggregate:
Natural Sand & gravel pits, river rock. Crushed stone : Basalt, Granite, Limestone, Sandstone, Marble, quartzite, etc.

Manufactured & Recycled materials:

Pulverized concrete & asphalt Steel mill slag Expanded shale Styrofoam

Quarrying Crushing
Primary: Jaw crusher Secondary: Gyratory, roller, impact

Screening or Sieving

 Heavyweight

4,000 - 8,500 kg/m3 Use in production of concrete for radiation shielding

Aggregate

Normal

2,300 2,500 kg/m3 Use in normal concrete

Aggregate

Lightweight

350 1,100 kg/m3 Use in lightweight concrete production that provide thermal insulation and fire resistance properties

Aggregate

Get the sample randomly from entire width of stock pile i.e. from top, middle & bottom at several locations Use splitting or quartering Method until to get the required amount of aggregate sample for testing

Aggregate properties are used to determine:

Suitability for a particular application Specific concrete mix design

Shape and Texture Soundness & Durability Hardness and abrasion resistance Absorption Specific gravity Strength Gradation Cleanness and deleterious materials Alkali-aggregate reactivity

Particle shape affect the workability of fresh concrete Higher surface to volume ratio: require more cement paste to coat aggregate surface Irregular particles: Greater interaction between aggregate particles and reduce workability of fresh concrete Rounded particle shape need less cement paste than angular shape at same workability.

Beh Hooi Woon Pg22-30

Chen Nget Loong Pg31-39

Chen Dejun Pg40-48

Chen Kang Pg49-57

Chen Xin Pg58-66

Chen Lei Pg67-74

THANK YOU