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Section 4.

Equations of uniformly
accelerated motion

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4.5 Equations of uniformly accelerated motion (SB p. 34)

Equations of uniformly accelerated motion

For uniformly accelerated motion, v-t graph:

• a straight line

• Deduce equations of
uniformly accelerated
motion from it

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4.5 Equations of uniformly accelerated motion (SB p. 34)

Equations of uniformly accelerated motion

Area of region I = area of region II


∴displaceme nt
= area under the curve AB
= area under the dotted line CD
= u +v ×t
2
s = u + v × t ... ... (1)
2

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4.5 Equations of uniformly accelerated motion (SB p. 34)

Equations of uniformly accelerated motion

Acceleration = slope of AB
a= v − u
t
∴v = u + at ... ... (2)

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4.5 Equations of uniformly accelerated motion (SB p. 34)

Equations of uniformly accelerated motion

From (1), we have Substitute ( y ) into (2),

s = u +v ×t v = u + a  2s 
2  u +v 
2s = (u + v ) t v = u + 2as
u +v
t = 2s ... ... (y) v − u = 2as
u +v u +v
v 2 − u 2 = 2as
v 2 = u 2 + 2as ... ... (3)

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4.5 Equations of uniformly accelerated motion (SB p. 34)

Equations of uniformly accelerated motion

From (1), Substitute (z) into (2),

s = u +v t
 2s
 − u  = u + at
2  t 
s× 2 =t 2s = 2u + at
u +v t
t = 2s ... ... (z ) s = ut + 1 at 2 ... ... (4)
u +v 2

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4.5 Equations of uniformly accelerated motion (SB p. 34)

Equations of uniformly accelerated motion

CAL
v = u + at Workshop 2
Displacement,
v2 = u2 + 2as velocity and
acceleration

s = ut + ½ at2

• Only for uniformly accelerated motion


• Note the sign (+ / −) for directions

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4.5 Equations of uniformly accelerated motion (SB p. 35)

Example 7:
A train is moving at a velocity of 25 m s−1, and it brakes with a
deceleration of 2 m s−2 before it stops. Find
(a) the time taken for the train to stop, and Solut
ion
Given u = 25 m s−1, v = 0 m s−1, a = −2 m s−2
(a) By v = u + at
0 = 25 + (−2) × t
∴ t = 12.5 s
The time taken for the train to stop is 12.5 s.

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4.5 Equations of uniformly accelerated motion (SB p. 35)

Example 7: (Cont)
(b) the braking displacement of the train. Solut
ion
By v2 = u2 + 2as
0 = 252 + 2 × (−2) × s
∴ s = 156.25 m
Since the direction of the displacement is the same as that of
the velocity, we take the positive value of s.

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4.5 Equations of uniformly accelerated motion (SB p. 35)

Class Practice 10:


A car is moving at a velocity of 70 km h−1 . The driver then
sees a 50 km h−1 speed limit sign at a distance of 30 m
ahead. In order not to exceed the speed limit, find the
minimum deceleration of the car.
70 km h−1 = 70 x 1 000 = 19.44
u = _____________________________3 600 m s–1
50 km h−1 = 50 x 1 000 = 13.89
v = _____________________________ m s–1
3 600
s = _____________________________
30 m
By v2 = u2 + 2as
13.89
( _________ 19.44 )2 + 2a ( _______
)2 =( _______ 30 )
∴ −3
a = _________ m s– 2
The minimum deceleration of the car is
3 m s−2
__________. Ans
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4.5 Equations of uniformly accelerated motion (SB p. 36)

Example 8:
A raindrop is moving towards the right with a constant velocity
of 10 m s−1. A wind is blowing on it to make it decelerate at
5 m s−2. Suppose the motion of the raindrop is along a straight
line and its deceleration is constant.

(a) Find the velocity and the displacement of the raindrop after
2 s.
Solut
ion
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4.5 Equations of uniformly accelerated motion (SB p. 36)

Example 8: (Cont)
(a) Given u = 10 m s−1, a = −5 m s−2, t = 2 s
By v = u + at
= 10 + (−5)(2)
= 0 m s−1
∴ The velocity is zero. The raindrop is momentarily at rest.

By s = ut + 1 at 2
2
= (10)(2) + 1 (−5)(2) 2
2
−1
= 10 m s

∴ The displacement is 10 m.

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4.5 Equations of uniformly accelerated motion (SB p. 36)

Example 8: (Cont)
(b) Find the time when the raindrop travels at 10 m s−1 towards
the left. Solut
ion
Given u = 10 m s−1, a = −5 m s−2, v = −10 m s−1
By v = u + at
−10 = 10 + (−5)t
t = 4 m s−1
∴ After 4 s, the raindrop is travelling at 10 m s−1 towards the left.

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To section 4.6

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