A major challenge in clinical cancer & Tumor research is the prediction of prognosis at the time of tumor discovery.

The objective of this study is to summarize various review and technical articles on diagnosis and prognosis of cancer & tumor. The concept of the fuzzy equivalence partition matrix is presented to find approximate gene expression values.

A brain tumor consists of harmless cells and has individual boundaries; it may cure through surgery only. The advent of microarray technology has made it possible to study the expression profiles of a large number of genes across different experimental conditions. Microarray- based gene expression profiling has shown great potential in the prediction of different cancer subtypes

Cancer classification using microarray data poses another major challenge because of the huge number of features (genes) compared to the number of examples (tissue samples). This is an important problem in machine learning which is known as feature selection . Successful gene identification involves 1) dimension reduction to reduce computational cost 2) reduction of noise to increase classification performance

Disadvantage in Existing
Doesnt have any specific feature selection Gene Expression with efficient feature selection are not performed, it becomes less classification result in the TSVM

Advantage in Proposed

Improves the performance of Classification Result It find more relevant gene markers based on the gene selection

Major Challenge-> Huge number of Genes compared with number of tissue samples. Ie feature selection Small sample size remains a bottleneck to design suitable classifiers

Transductive SVMs Consistency-Based feature Selection Fuzzy rough Set based Feature Selection Performance Evaluation

Basically Iterative algo. Gradually search the optimal separating hyperplane in the feature space In the proposed TSVM Multiclass problem, we adopted one-against all(OAA) Architecture will be used

The total relevance of all selected genes is therefore given by

while the total redundancy among the selected genes is

Therefore, the problem of selecting a set of nonredundant and relevant genes from the whole set of genes (condition attributes) is equivalent to maximizing and minimizing , that is, to maximize the objective function , where

Signal to noise ratio SNR Defined as SNR = 1 2 /1 + 2 where i and i, i {1, 2}, respectively, denote the mean and standard deviation of class i for the corresponding gene (feature). The larger absolute value of SNR for a gene indicates that the genes expression level is high in one class and low in another

We reach the end of this survey on cancer subtype prediction. Our goal has been to present and explain the main ideas behind the existing techniques, to classify them according to the type of approach proposed, and to show how they perform in practice in a subset of possible practical scenarios.