Norhaida Bt Abu Hassan D20061026400

Nuraieni Bt Marwaji D20061026398

Nur Aqilah Bt Norjandin D20061026392

1.Analyzing the movement of substances across the plasma membrane 2.Understanding the movement of substances across the plasma membrane in everyday life
3.Appreciating the movement of substances across the plasma membrane

Students already knew about: Cell organization Cell structures and functions The organelles *Form 4 syllabus, Chapter 2: Cell Structures and Organization.

 Glucose Amino acids Fats Vitamins

Minarels Water Oxygen

PASSIVE TRANSPORT
SIMPLE DIFFUSION

ACTIVE TRANSPORT

OSMOSIS
FACILITATED DIFFUSION

PLASMA MEMBRANE STRUCTURE SIMPLE DIFFUSION FACILITATED DIFFUSION OSMOSIS

ACTIVE TRANSPORT

BRAINSTORMING

Glycoprotein
Protein Carrier protein Hydrophilic head Hydrophobic tail Phospholipid Pore protein Phospholipid bilayer

Plasma membrane is arranged in a double layer surrounding a cell and is composed of :

Phospholipids Proteins

The hydrophilic head (attracted to water)

A pair of hydrophobic tail (repelled by water)

Plasma membrane is semi-permeable

Molecules that CAN move freely across plasma membrane are :
Lipid-soluble molecules (fatty acids, glycerol) and vitamins A, D, E, K

Molecules that CANNOT move freely across plasma membrane are:

Large water-soluble molecules (glucose, amino acids) and small water-soluble inorganic ions (K+,Na+,Ca2+) These substances require the aid of transport proteins (facilitated diffusion) The transport proteins are: > pore proteins > carrier proteins

Small uncharged molecules (oxygen and carbon dioxide)

Water These molecules move across plasma membrane in response to a concentration gradient (diffusion)

K+ Na+ Ca2+

Glucose

Vitamins A,D,E,K

O2
Fatty Acids & Glycerols

CO2 H2O
Amino Acids

K+ Na+ Ca2+

Glucose

Amino Acids

Vitamins A,D,E,K

H2O

O2

Fatty Acids & Glycerols

CO2

is the net of molecules/ions from a occurs duemovement to concentration gradient until region of high concentration to a regionare of equilibrium is achieved and the particles lower concentration. equally distributed in the system.
Concentration gradient

High concentration

Lower concentration

Molecules Plasma Membrane

BIOLOGY CHANNEL

Gaseous exchange between the alveoli & blood capillaries (respiration)

Gaseous exchange in unicellular organism such as Amoeba

Does Net movement not require of any water energy molecules and water from molecules a region move across of low the solute phospholipid concentration bilayer to a and region pores of high in plasma solute membrane concentration through a semi-permeable membrane.
Semi-permeable membrane Water molecules

Solute molecules

Net movement of water

Dilute solution High concentration of water, low concentration of solute

Concentration solution

High concentration of solute, low concentration of water

THE PROCESS OF OSMOSIS

From the diagram, we can see the water molecules move from the region of high water concentration on left side of beaker towards the region of lower water concentration on right side of beaker.

BIOLOGY CHANNEL

Application/Process Of The Osmosis In Life

Application/Process Of The Osmosis In Life

Fruit

For food preservation Using sugar, salt and vinegar. They make surrounding solution hypertonic & water leaves food by osmosis. Dehydrated food prevents bacteria living inside

Fish

is the movement of hydrophilic molecules/ions across plasma membrane with the help of protein. Energy is not required. Carrier proteins are specific (carrier protein for glucose is only for glucose molecules only) .

Molecule such as glucose moves to binding sites of carrier protein

Carrier protein changes its shape to transport molecules.

After molecule gets through, it resumes its original shape to let other similar molecules into the cell.

Carrier protein changes its shape to transport molecules.

Application/Process of Facilitated Diffusion In Life

Nutrients absorption through the villi of small intestine

BIOLOGY CHANNEL

Is the movement ofis molecules or animal ions from a Requires Such reaction the use of found both in carrier all proteins cells and region of lower to a region of higher cellular (nerve energy andconcentration muscle (ATP) cells) to transport which is molecules the concentration across plasma membrane against sodium-potassium concentration pump gradient

ATP

Molecules Plasma Membrane

BRAINSTORMING
QUESTION 1
QUESTION 2 QUESTION 3 QUESTION 4 QUESTION 5

QUESTION 1

When a cell uses a protein to pass a particle through a cell membrane is called ________.
A B C Facilitated Diffusion Osmosis Simple Diffusion

QUESTION 2

What is the structure X ?

A B C Pore Protein Phospholipid Bilayer Carrier Protein

QUESTION 3

Which of the following is NOT a passive transport process?

A B C Facilitated Diffusion Active Transport Simple Diffusion

QUESTION 4

This diagram above refer to what kind of process?

A Simple Diffusion

B
C

Facilitated Diffusion
Osmosis

QUESTION 5

Plasma membrane is..

A B Semi-permeable Not permeable

Permeable
BRAINSTORMING MENU