LOCAL GOVERNMENT AND REGIONAL ADMINISTRATION

Self-Assessment:
WHAT

IS YOUR PERSONAL INSIGHT OR OPINION ABOUT DECENTRALIZATION?

Self-Assessment:
IN

YOUR OWN EXPERIENCE AS LGU OFFICIAL/EMPLOYEE, HOW HAVE YOU BENEFITTED FROM THE FRUITS OF DECENTRALIZATION?

Self-Assessment:
IN

YOUR OWN EXPERIENCE AS LGU OFFICIAL/EMPLOYEE, WHAT ARE THE DIS-BENEFITS OR DYSFUNCTIONS OF DECENTRALIZATION?

Tableau:

For you, what is the picture/ illustration of a truly Decentralized LGU?

was realized through the passage of the Local Government Code of 1991. It is the transfer of power from the central government to the local government units.

DECENTRALIZATION in the Philippines

Dimensions and Forms of Decentralization:

Political Administrative Fiscal Market

1.

Political Decentralization
- involves the transfer of political authority to the local level through the establishment or reestablishment of elected local government electoral reform, political party reform, authorization, of participatory processes and other reforms.

- advocates of political decentralization assume that decisions made with greater participation will be better informed and more relevant to diverse interests in society than those made only by national political authorities.

2.

Administrative Decentralization
- seeks to redistribute authority, responsibility and financial resources for providing public services among different levels of government.

- transfer of responsibility for the planning, financing and management of certain public functions from the central government and its agencies to field units of government agencies and subordinate units or levels of government.

Three major forms of Administrative decentralization:

Deconcentration redistributes decision

making authority and financial and management responsibilities among different levels of the central government. (departments, regional, provincial and field offices)

Three major forms of Administrative decentralization:

Delegation transfer of authority from

one public agency to another agency or service provider for a defined role, tasks or functions, thus, accountability of the source agency for the defined role, tasks or functions is also transferred to the recipient agency. (DILG to LGU, DSWDO to DOLE)

Three major forms of Administrative decentralization:

Devolution transfer of authority for

decision-making, finance, and management to quasi-autonomous units of local government with corporate status. -usually transfers responsibilities for services to municipalities that elect their own mayors and councils, raise their own revenues, and have independent authority to make investment decisions.

3. Fiscal Decentralization
- shifting of financial power to the local level. To carry out decentralized functions effectively, local governments must have adequate level of revenues-either raised locally or transferred from the central government-as well as the authority to make decisions about expenditures.

4. Economic or Market Decentralization

- most complete forms of decentralization are privatization and deregulation because they shift responsibility for functions from the public to the private sector. They allow functions that had been solely carried out by government to businesses, community groups, cooperatives, private voluntary associations and other NGOs.

Privatization can range from leaving the provision of goods and services entirely to the free operation of the market to public-private partnerships in which the government and private sector cooperate to provide services or infrastructure.

Deregulation reduces the legal constraints on private participation in service provision or allows competition among private suppliers for services that in the past had been provided by the government or by regulated monopolies.

Allows people to participate more effectively in local affairs, including identification of community priorities (CDC, MDC, BDC, consultations) Local leaders can be held increasingly accountable for decisions that affect citizens life. Increased opportunities for responsive leaders or previously marginalized groups to enter politics

Increased attention to local concerns Local decisions can be tailored local needs, allowing scarce resources to be generated and expended with greater efficiency and public services to be provided more effectively.

It can produce territorial inequality as wealthy localities take advantage of their new autonomy to push further ahead of low-income areas. Increased local authority may allow elites to dominate local politics.

Can threaten territorial integrity it gives to separatist demands and, especially when financial oversight of local officials is weak, can lead to increased corruption. Local service delivery may deteriorate where financial and administrative capacity is weak.

Role Play:
What

are the highlights of Decentralization in your LGU?

(portray the benefits, challenges and initiatives of the government officials/employees in facing these challenges)

The role of LGUs in Decentralized Development

Sec. 17, R.A. 7160-Basic services and facilities include, but are not limited to, the following:
(i) Extension and on-site research services and facilities related to agriculture and fishery activities x x x x

The role of LGUs in Decentralized Development

(ii) Pursuant to national policies and subject to supervision, control and review of the DENR, implementation of community-based forestry projects which include integrated social forestry programs and similar projects; management and control of communal forests with an area not exceeding fifty (50) square kilometers; establishment of tree parks, greenbelts, and similar forest development projects;

The role of LGUs in Decentralized Development

(iii) Subject to the provisions of Title Five, Book I of this Code, health services which include the implementation of programs and projects on primary health care, maternal and child care, and communicable and noncommunicable disease control services, access to secondary and tertiary health services; purchase of medicines, medical supplies, and equipment needed to carry out the services herein enumerated;

The role of LGUs in Decentralized Development

(iv) Social welfare services which include programs and projects on child and youth welfare, family and community welfare, women's welfare, welfare of the elderly and disabled persons; community-based rehabilitation programs for vagrants, beggars, street children, scavengers, juvenile delinquents, and victims of drug abuse; livelihood and other pro-poor projects; nutrition services; and family planning services;

The role of LGUs in Decentralized Development

(v) Information services which include investments and job placement information systems, tax and marketing information systems, and maintenance of a public library;
(vi) Solid waste disposal system or environmental management system and services or facilities related to general hygiene and sanitation;

The role of LGUs in Decentralized Development

(vii) Municipal buildings, cultural centers, public parks including freedom parks, playgrounds, and other sports facilities and equipment, and other similar facilities;

The role of LGUs in Decentralized Development (viii) Infrastructure facilities intended primarily to service the needs of the residents of the municipality and which are funded out of municipal funds including but not limited to, municipal roads and bridges; school buildings and other facilities for public elementary and secondary schools; clinics, health centers and other health facilities necessary to carry out health services; communal irrigation, small water impounding projects and other similar projects; fish ports; artesian wells, spring development, rainwater collectors and water supply systems; seawalls, dikes, drainage and sewerage, and flood control; traffic signals and road signs; and similar facilities;

The role of LGUs in Decentralized Development

(ix) Public markets, slaughterhouses and other municipal enterprises; (x) Public cemetery;

(xi) Tourism facilities and other tourist attractions, including the acquisition of equipment, regulation and supervision of business concessions, and security services for such facilities; and
(xii) Sites for police and fire stations and substations and municipal jail;