AGRICULTURE - Deals with cultivating of the soil, harvesting

crops, and raising livestock.

Countrys agricultural sector is made up of four subsectors: Farming Fisheries Livestock Forestry

- Crops and rice, corn, coconut, sugarcane, bananas, pineapple, coffee, mangoes, tobacco, and abaca. Secondary crops include peanut, cassava, camote, garlic, onion, cabbage, eggplant, calamansi, rubber and cotton. AGRICULTURE plays a vital role in our lives as much as to our economy.The government should consider the contributions of this sector.

Agricultural Concerns and Problems: 1.Land Conversion 2.Insufficient infrastracture 3.Environmental Damage 4.Lack of capital 5.Competition from foreign products | 6.Lack of modern equipment and technical knowhow 7.Land Reform laws are not fully implemented 8.Widespreadd animal diseases and epidemic

Land Reform -is a program that aims to provide lands to the farmers.It involves the transfer and control of land ownership to the tillers and farmers .

Land reforms has been program by our past presidents of our country. Providing land for landless farmers is in accordance with the aims of the national economy to uplift the quality life of farmers.

- During the Spanish period, the natives who cultivated the lands in freedom were transformed into share tenants

Friar Lands Special Estates.

American Period -Americans enacted several legislations in order to distribute the land to the landless Philippine Bill of 1902 - sets the ceilings on the hecterage that private individuals and
corporation may aqcuire;16 ha for private and 1,024 ha for corporations.

Land Registration Act of 1902 (Act no. 496)

-All land titles of the Filipinos must be registered upon the implementation of the torrens sytem.

Public Land Act of 1903

-Introduced the homested system in the philippines .Every family has the right to own not more than 16 ha of land

Tenancy Act of 1933(Act No. 4054 and 4113)

-Regulated relationship between landowners and tenants of rice(50-50) and sugarcane lands

Commonwealth Act no.178 (An Amendment to rice Tenancy Act.no4045) -Provided for certain controls in the landlord tenant relationships National Rice and Corn Corporation(NARIC) - Established the price of rice and corn that helps the poor tenants and consumers Commonwealth Act no.461 -Specified reasons forr the dismissal of tenants, only with the approval of the Tenancy Division of the Department of Justice. Commonwealth Act no. 441 -Created the National Settlement administration.

Japanese Occupation -The HUKBALAHAP controlled whole areas of Central Luzon; landlords who supported the Japanese lost their lands to peasants. And those who supported the HUKS earned fixed rentals in favor of the tenants .

President Manuel Roxas

- This regulated the share tenancy contacts with the establishment of 70-30

Republic Act No.34 Republic Act No.55

sharing arrangements.

- Provided for a more effective safeguard against arbitrary ejecment of tenants .

President Elpidio Quirino

Executive Order No.355
Development Corporation(LASEDECO) which takes over the responsibilities of the Agricultural Machinery Equipment Corporation and the Rice and Corn Production Administration.
-Replaced the National Land Settlement Administration with Land Settlement

President Ramon Magsaysay

Republic Act No.1160
Rehabilitation Admistration(NARRA) to manage the distribution of lands to the rebel returnees and their families who were particularly in Palawan and Mindanao
-Abolished the LASEDECO and established the National Resettlement and

Republic Act No.1999(Agricultural tenancy Act of 1954)

-The law provided the security of tenure of tenants.It governed the relationship between landowners and tenant farmers by organizing share-tenancy and leasehold system.It also created the Court of Agrarian Relations.

Republic Act No.1400(Land reform Act of 1955) -This law created the Land Tenure Administration(LTA) Which was

responsible for the aqcuisition and distribution of large tenanted rice and corn lands,over 200 ha for individuals and 600 ha for corporations

Republic Act No.821(Creation of Agricultural Credit Cooperative) -This provided small farmers and share tenants loans with low interest
rates of six to eight % .

President Carlos P. Garcia

-He just continued the program of President Ramon Magsaysay.

President Diosdado Macapagal

Republic Act No.3834(Agricultural Land Reform Code) -This law abolished the KASAMA system.It institutionalized leasehold,set
rentation limit at 7ha,invested rights of preemption and redemption of tenants farmers ,institutionalized marketing and superevised credit system of law services of farmer beneficiaries. -August 8, 1963 -> enacted

Republic Act No.6389(Agrarian Reform Code) & Republic Act No.6390

-Created the Department of Agrarian Reform And the Agrarian Special Account Fund .

Presidential Decree No.2

Presidential Decree No.27 PD No.2 and PD No.27

-Declared the country under the land reform program.

-Scope to tenanted rice and corn lands

-Were implemented to free farmers from chain of poverty and transfer to them the ownership of the land they cultivate . President Corazon Aquino

Republic Act No.6657(Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law)

- All public and private agricultural lands are covered by this law.The law distribute all agricultural lands regardless of their use to the farmers who do not have their own land . Lands that are not under the Carp: parks Church Fishponds Cemetery National Defense Temple Watershed Forest and Reforestation area

President Fidel Ramos

Republic Act No.7881
Republic Act. No7905
- Exempted fish ponds and prawns from the coverage of CARP and amended certain provisions of RA 6657

Republic Act No.8435(Agricultural and Fisheries Modernization Act)AFMA

-Strengthened the implementation of the CARP.

Republic Act.No 8532(Agrarian Reform Fund Bill)

-

- Aims to strengthen the agriculture and fishery sectors through modernization

President Joseph Estrada

Provided an additional P50 for CARP and extended for another 10 years.

Executive Order No. 151(Farmers Trust Fund)

-Allowed the voluntary consolidation of small farm operation into medium and large-scale integrated enterprise that can assess long term capital . He launched the MAGKASAKA(Magkabalikat Para sa Kaunlarang Agraryo.

President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo

Executive Order No.364
- Widen the areas of operation of the Department Of land reform making it accountable for all land reform activities and programs in the Phil.

Executive Order No.456

- Commanded

the Department of Land Reform to revert back to its original name , Department of Agrarian Reform

Land Tenure Improvement KALAHI ARZONE

- The DAR will improve land tenure system through land distribution and leasehold .

-The KALAHI Agrarian Reform(KAR) Zones were launched .These zones consist of one or more municipalities with concentration on the population of agrarian reform communities(ARC) to achieve greater agro productivity.

President Fidel Ramos

- Enacted the law Republic Act No.8550 entitled An Act Providing for the Development Management and Conservation of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources * GMA(Ginintuang Masaganang Ani) and (Makapagpabagong Programa tungo sa Masagana at Maunlad na Agrikultura at Pangisdaan) -Is a transitional blueprint for putting AFMA to work .