Self-Access Learning

Topic : Present Perfect simple

Present perfect tense

We form the present perfect tense with have / has + past participle.
I You We They He She It John
have eaten an apple.

has

eaten

an apple.

Present perfect tense

Irregular verbs
Present do be write eat draw break speak Past did was/were wrote ate drew broke spoke Present perfect have / has done

have / has been

have / has written have / has eaten have / has drawn have / has broken have / has spoken

Present perfect tense

Irregular verbs
Present take ride drink swim throw see go Past
took rode drank swam threw saw went

Present perfect have / has taken

have / has ridden have / has drunk have / has swum have / has thrown have / has seen have / has gone

Present perfect tense

Irregular verbs
Present sweep make get Past Present perfect have / has swept

swept made got

have / has made have / has got

Present perfect tense

Regular verbs
Present paint move tidy Past Present perfect have / has painted have / has moved have / has tidied

painted moved tidied

Example (1)
We use the Present Perfect tense to show the result of an action.
e.g. (a) Ben is eating a chicken leg.

(b) Ben has eaten a chicken leg.

Example (2)
We cannot use the Present Perfect tense with adverbs of time, e.g. yesterday, two weeks ago.

I have done my homework yesterday.

I did my homework yesterday.

Practice (1)
Present

e.g. make
1 do 2 tidy 3 eat 4 draw 5 take 6 paint 7 write

Past made did tidied ate drew

Present perfect

have / has made

have / has done have / has tidied have / has eaten have / has drawn have / has taken have / has painted have / has written

took
painted wrote

Practice (2)
Present 8 ride 9 swim 10 sweep 11 move 12 see 13 speak Past Present perfect have / has ridden

rode
swam swept

have / has swum

have / has swept have / has moved have / has seen have / has spoken

moved
saw spoke cooked broke

14 cook
15 break

have / has cooked

have / has broken

Already / yet
In the Present Perfect tense, we use yet with questions or negative (no) sentences.
Have you eaten the apples yet? (question)
Yet goes at the END of the sentence or question.

No, I havent eaten the apples yet. (negative)

Already / yet
In the Present Perfect tense, we use already with positive (yes) sentences.

Have you eaten the apples yet? (question) Yes, Ive already eaten the apples. (positive)
Already goes in the MIDDLE or at the END of the sentence.

or Yes, Ive eaten the apples already. (positive)

once / twice
In the Present Perfect tense, we use once /twice to express frequency.
How many time have you given flowers to the pop star ? (question) Ive given flowers to a pop star once only.
once goes at the END of the sentence.

or Ive given flowers to a pop star only once.

ever / never
In the Present Perfect tense, we use ever (question) and never (answer) to express frequency.
Have you ever celebrated the Cheung Chau Bun Festival ? (question) No,Ive never celebrated the Cheung Chau Bun Festival. (answer)

Already / yet
e.g.
do

Has done yet ______ Mary _______ her homework _____? already . has done Yes, she __________her homework _______

or
has already done Yes, she _________________her homework.

Already / yet
e.g.
eat

Has Ben _______ yet ? eaten his hamburger_____ ______

hasnt / has not eaten his hamburger No, he ___________________ yet _______ .

Practice
1 (do) Has done the washing ________ Mum ________ yet _______ ? has already done the washing. Yes, she _______________ 2 (sweep) swept the Have ________ Sally and Joe ________ floor _______ ? yet havent swept the floor No, they____________ yet . _____

Practice
3 (throw)

Have thrown away the rubbish ________ you ________ _______ yet ?
Yes, I ve ______________ / have thrown away the rubbish

_______ already . 4 (write) Has written the letter ________ Mark ________ yet _______ ?
hasnt written the letter _____ yet . No, he ____________

Practice
5 (visit) visited many times have you ________ How ____________ Hong
Kong Disneyland ?

have visited twice I ______________ there _________.

6 (watch) Have you ______ _______ _______ birds in Mai Po ever watched Wetlands ? watched birds in Mai have never No, I ____________ ________ Po Wetlands.

Revision :
Part(2)

Present Perfect Tense

Present perfect tense

We use the present perfect tense to talk about actions that started in the past and continue to the present.
e.g. Ive grown flowers for two years.
Now is 2005.

2003-now

Present perfect tense

We use the present perfect tense with since and for to say how long an action has lasted.

I have played the piano since 2000.

I have played the piano for five years.

Present perfect tense

Since
We use since with the present perfect tense to refer to the starting point of an action.
I have studied at this school since 2000.

starting time 2000

Now 2005

(2000 is a point of time, not a period of time.)

Present perfect tense

For
We use for with the present perfect tense to refer to a period of time.
I have studied at this school for five years.
since 2000 Now 2005

starting time

period of time (for five years)

( Five years is a period of time, not a point of time.)

Practice (1)
Use since or for.

1 I have had piano lessons _____ for ten years.

since 2003. 2 Peter has collected stamps _____

since last month. 3 Amy has grown flowers _____ for two 4 My brother has played football _____ years. for 5 John and Jenny have been friends _____ eight months. since 2000. 6 They have done ballet _____ since 1996. 7 My father has driven his car _____

How long ?
have How long has you he she done ballet? collected stickers? learnt the piano?

have

He She

has

since 2001. done ballet collected stickers learnt the piano for one year.

How long have these children done their hobbies?

paint pictures, 2003

A: How long have you painted pictures? B: I have painted pictures since 2003.

grow flowers, six months

A: How long have you grown flowers?

B: I have grown flowers for six months.

make handicrafts, March

A: How long have you made handicrafts?

B: I have made handicrafts since March.

play the violin, five years

A: How long have you played the violin? B: I have played the violin for five years.

Kate do karate, last month

A: How long ___________________ has Kate done karate ? has done karate since last month B: She _____________________________ .

James collect coins, two years

A: How long _____________________ has James collected coins ?

B: He _______________________________ . has collected coins for two years

Shirley collect seashells, last summer

A: How long ____________________________? has Shirley collected seashells

B: She ________________________________ has collected seashells since last summer .

Past tense & Present perfect tense

Past Tense Present Perfect Tense

actions that happened in the past

e.g. I sang yesterday.

actions that started in the past and continue to the present

e.g. Ive sung for two hours.

actions that have just finished

e.g. Ive just sung a famous song.

Past tense & Present perfect tense

Past Tense Present Perfect Tense

We know the specific point of time of the action.

e.g. I drew a picture last night.

We do not know the time of the action.

e.g. Ive drawn a picture already.

Past tense & Present perfect tense

Past Tense Present Perfect Tense

verb - 1 word
e.g. I started playing the violin in 2000.

verb - 2 words
e.g. Ive played the violin since 2000.

Hint words:

yesterday, last night, last Sunday, last year, ago, in 2000

Hint words:

since, for, already, just, yet, ever

Practice (2)
e.g. I _______ made a dress two weeks ago. (make) 1 I ______________ have lived in Hong Kong since 1990. (live) bought our house in 2000. (buy) 2 My parents _______ has taught at my school 3 Miss Lee ___________ for two years. (teach) visited his uncle one month ago. (visit) 4 Tom _______ have been friends 5 Polly and Dolly __________ since last year. (be) has slept 6 The baby __________ for four hours. (sleep)

 un2 45