The Internet and Its Uses

Working at a Small-to-Medium Business or ISP Chapter 1

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2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Objectives

Describe how the Internet is evolving and the various ways that businesses are using the Internet.
Describe the importance of standards in the continuing growth of the Internet. Describe the purpose of an ISP and the services that it offers. Describe the hierarchical structure of the Internet and the purpose of the Point of Presence (POP) and the Internet Exchange Point (IXP). Identify the types of devices used in by the ISP to provide services and describe the importance of scalability in the ISP network. Describe the various network support teams that work at an ISP and the roles and responsibilities of each one.

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2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Internet in Business
E-commerce
business over the web online shopping, Ebay, etc.

Communication
email, IM, VoIP

Collaboration & Training

document sharing remote work environment

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2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Standards and the Internet

Standards
set of rules how something must be done makes it possible for different devices to send information over the Internet

RFC (Request for Comments)

Records each step of a standard development

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2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

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ISP Services
A company through which a subscriber gains access Equipment co-location
internal network equipment

Web hosting FTP hosting

VoIP
Tech support

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2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Internet Connectivity Options

Dial-up
Inexpensive Uses phone with a modem Slowest connection (56kbps)

Cable
Offered by cable TV

Cable modem separates signals

Faster connection (512 kbps)

Satellite
128 512 kbps depending on service

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2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Internet Connectivity Options

DSL (Digital Subscriber Line)
More expensive than dial up Faster connectivity Uses phone line with continuous connection DSL modem separates signals

ADSL (Asymmetric)
Suitable for the home user
Download speed faster than upload

SDSL (Symmetric)
Suitable for small-to-medium business Upload and download speeds the same

ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1

2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Bandwidth Connections
T1
can transmit up to 1.544 Mbps symmetrical E1 (European) can transmit at 2.048 Mbps

T3
can transmit up to 45 Mbps used for larger businesses with more employees E3 (European) can transmit at 34.368 Mbps

MetroEthernet
used by large companies with many branches in the same city can transmit up to 10 Gbps
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Internet Hierarchy
ISP POPs connect to either a
IXP (Internet Exchange Point) or NAP (Network Access Point)

Over 100 points worldwide

Fiber used to connect the Internet backbone
also can run under the sea

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2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

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ISP Tiers
Tier 1
Huge organizations that connect with each other Span several continents

Tier 2
Pay Tier 1 to carry traffic across continents

Tier 3
Most major cities
Provides customer with local Internet access Pays Tiers 1 & 2 for their services

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Devices Used for ISPs to Communicate

Access Devices
DSLAM (DSL Access Multiplexer)

CMTS (Cable Modem Termination System)

Modems

Border Gateway Routers

Enable ISP to connect to another ISP

Servers

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ISP Responsibilities
Customer Service Planning & Provisioning
helps determine whether customer needs new or can use existing hardware

On-site
which equipment needs to be installed

NOC (Network Operating Center)

monitors and tests connectivity

Help Desk
notifies customer when circuit is ready for operation

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Summary
Businesses use the Internet for e-commerce, communications, collaboration, and training.
Internetworking standards ensure that all devices connecting to the Internet use the same set of rules.

All Internet connections are made through an Internet Service Provider (ISP).
Multiple ISPs join together at an Internet Exchange Point (IXP) to gain access to each others networks. ISPs must provide a reliable and scalable network. ISP organizations are composed of many teams offering a range of support services.

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2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

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ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1

2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

Cisco Public

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