Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Course Objective
Enhance your Understanding, knowledge and skills enough to Teach Conduct a research project and Publish
Session objective
After attending this session the Scholars will be able to understand and define
Context of research What is research Why research When research How to research
WHAT IS
RESEARCH
Research is systematic and objective process of gathering, recording and analyzing data in a scientific way for making good decisions
Research Design
Research Process
1. Identify Problem/Topic 2. Literature Review 3. Research Design
4. Data Collection
5. Data Analysis/Interpretation 6. Report writing
Sampling Plan
Research Approaches
Focus Group
Observation
Survey Experimentation (Cause
and effect)
Focus group
4-14
Research Instruments
Questionnaires
Technological Devices.
Questionnaires
Closed-end Questions.
Open-end Questions.
4-18
No one
Spouse Spouse and children Children only Business associates/friends/relatives An organized tour group
Copyright 2009 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd.
Modern...Old-fashioned
Probably buy
Not sure
Sampling Plan
Sampling unit: Who is to be surveyed? Sample size: How many people should be surveyed? Sampling procedure: How should the respondents
be chosen?
Types of Samples
Probability Samples Simple random Systematic Stratified random Cluster Non-probability Samples Convenience Judgment Quota
Contact Methods
Mail Questionnaire
Telephone Interview Personal Interview Online Interview
Any Threat or opportunity that needs to be addressed through research process of data collection and analysis is called Research Problem
Examples
1. 2. 3. Human Resource manager wants to develop HR policies regarding employees turnover in order to reduce it. Marketing manager wants to launch a new product successfully using advertisement as promotional tool Finance manager needs to invest excessive money profitably
The formulation of the problem is often more essential than its solution
Albert Einstein
Research Hypotheses
Research hypotheses are predictive statements about the relationship between two variables Types of Hypothesis
There are two types of hypothesis
1. Null Hypothesis
Ho = There is no relationship between Advertising and Sales
2. Alternative Hypothesis
H1 = There is relationship between advertising and sales
Finance