Qualitative Approach

Presented by: Chan Yi Jia Joanne Tan Yi Wen Nur Amirah bt Kamarudin Nursyazwani bt Tolos Lecturer: Dr. Rafiah bt Abdul Rahman

Qualitative Approach
Research studies that investigate the quality of relationships, activities, situations, or materials are frequently referred to as Qualitative Research. Interpretive Approach: Involves explanation and justification of problems that is not immediately obvious.
Longman. (2004). Longman Dictionary Contemporary English. England: Pearson Education Limited.

Characteristics of Qualitative Approach

The natural setting is the direct source of data, and the researchers is the key instruments in qualitative research Qualitative data are collected in the form of words or pictures rather than numbers.

Qualitative researchers are concerned with process as well as product

Qualitative researchers tend to analyse their data inductively

How people makes sense out of their lives is a major concern to qualitative researchers.

Qualitative Approach
Qualitative data deals primarily with words Assume that the world is made up of multiple realities, socially constructed by different individual views of the same situation More concerns with understanding situation and events from the view point of the participants (participants often tend to be directly involved in the research process itself)

Aspects
Data

Quantitative Approach
Quantitative data deals primarily with numbers Usually based on their work on the belief that facts and feelings can be separated, that the world is a single reality made up of facts that can be discovered. Seeks to establish relationship between variables and look for and sometimes explain the causes of such relationship.

Kinds of Studies Undertaken

Purpose

Qualitative Approach Immersed in the situation

Ethnography Researchers often do not even try to generalise beyond the particular situation, but may leave it to the reader to access applicability.

Aspects Researchers' Role

Prototypical Study Degree of Generalisation

Quantitative Approach Detached observer

Experiment Researchers want to establish generalisations that transcend the immediate situation or particular setting

Through cross-checking sources of information (triangulation)

Narrative summary

Assessment of Validity

Through of variety of procedures with reliance on statistical indices.

Statistical summary

Results

Reference: Fraenkel, J.R, Wallen, N.E & Hyun, H.H.(2012), How to Design and Evaluate Research in Education, 8th Edition. USA, McGraw-Hill