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designed to perform one or a few dedicated functions often with real-time computing constraints. It is usually embedded as part of a complete device including hardware and mechanical parts. In contrast, a general-purpose computer, such as a personal computer, can do many different tasks depending on programming. Embedded systems control many of the common devices in use today. Since the embedded system is dedicated to specific tasks, design engineers can optimize it, reducing the size and cost of the product, or increasing the reliability and performance. .
HISTORY
When computers came into the market in the 1940s,
they were all Embedded Systems. However, they were never regarded as Embedded Systems because, firstly, they were regarded as computers; and secondly, because they were too large and uncouth to be formally termed as Embedded Systems.
It is embedded as part of a complete device often including hardware and software parts.
Hardware Interface
Software
Designed to do a specific task. Simplified system hardware. Less costly. In the form of small computerized parts in larger devices. Required limited computer hardware resources. Little memory and small keyboard or screen.
Digital clock
DVD player
Traffic Light
General-purpose microprocessor
CPU for Computers No RAM, ROM, I/O on CPU chip itself Example--Intels x86: 8086,8088,80386,80486, Pentium
CPU GeneralPurpose Microprocessor Data Bus Many chips on mother board
Serial COM Port
RAM
ROM
I/O Port
Timer
Microcontroller
A smaller computer. On-chip RAM, ROM, I/O ports... Example:- Motorolas 6811, Intels 8051 and PIC 16X
CPU
RAM
ROM
A single chip
I/O PortTimer Serial COM Port
Microcontroller
The 8051 is the first microcontroller of the MCS-51 family introduced by Intel Corporation at the end of the 1970s.
4K Bytes ROM 128 Bytes RAM two timer/counters (16 bit) A serial port 32 input/output port Interrupt controller
8051
P1.0 P1.1 P1.2 P1.3 P1.4 P1.5 P1.6 P1.7 RST (RXD)P3.0 (TXD)P3.1 (INT0)P3.2 (INT1)P3.3 (T0)P3.4 (T1)P3.5 (WR)P3.6 (RD)P3.7 XTAL2 XTAL1 GND
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
8051 IC
40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21
Vcc P0.0(AD0) P0.1(AD1) P0.2(AD2) P0.3(AD3) P0.4(AD4) P0.5(AD5) P0.6(AD6) P0.7(AD7) EA/VPP ALE/PROG PSEN P2.7(A15) P2.6(A14) P2.5(A13) P2.4(A12) P2.3(A11) P2.2(A10) P2.1(A9) P2.0(A8)
Pin Description
Vcc(+5volt) Pin - 40
Pin Description
Port 0 from Pin-39 to pin-32
Pin Description
Pin Description
Pin Description
P3.0 RXD P3.1 TXD P3.2 IN T0 P3.3 IN T1 P3.4 T0 P3.5 T1 P3.6 WR P3.7 RD
Smart card
Health card
Robotics
ATM
A different type of compiler is used for compiling in programmable data terminal. This software follow the steps below: 1. Create a project to select the 8051 Device and the tool settings. 2. Create source files in C or Assembly. 3. Build your application with the Project manager. 4. Correct errors in source files. 5. Test linked application
PROTEUS SOFTWARE
Proteus simulates the circuit and the output can be
checked..
FLASH MAGIC
Flash magic is used to burn the microcontroller which