CDMA Power Control, Smart

Antenna
Power Control in CDMA
 All the mobiles communicate on the same
frequency. Therefore, internal interference is
developed within the system which causes
problems in determination of system capacity
and voice quality
 The Tx power from each mobile must be
controlled to limit interference.
 Even the power level should be adequate for
satisfactory voice quality.
Objective of Power Control
 To limit transmitted power on the
forward and reverse channels while
maintaining link quality.
 To minimize the Near-Far Problem
Reverse Link Power Control
 The Reverse link power control affects
the access and reverse traffic channels.
 It is used for establishing the link during
the origination a call.
 The reverse link power includes the
open-loop and closed loop power
control
Fo rwa rd L in k P owe r C ontr ol

 The BTS independently adjusts the

power for each forward traffic channel
based on information received from the
mobile.
 Power control commands are send in
the form of Power Control bits (PCBs)
 Power control bits are transmitted continuously on
the forward traffic channel @ 800 bits(0 or 1) per
second i.e each bit is transmitted at 1.25 ms intervals
 A ‘0’ indicates the MS to increase its power , ‘1’
indicates MS to decrease the power Tx
 If the received signal is low, a ‘0’ is transmitted there
by instructing the mobile station to increase its mean
output power level.
 If the received signal is high, a ‘1’ is transmitted to
indicate that the mobile station should decrease its
power level.
Smart Antennas

 Smart antennas used digital signal

processing to pin point location of users
 Decides exact path of transmission
between MS and BTS
 All CDMA mobiles use smart antennas
CDMA Network Architecture
 In CDMA architecture, network components
are similar to that in a GSM network like BTS,
BSC, MSC, HLR, VLR, AUC, EIR (termed as
ESN) etc.,
 GPS antenna is added to the tower for time
synchronization.
 PDSN (Packet data serving node) handles
data traffic with in the CDMA network
 The PDSN does the role of gateway also.
The PDSN does the following activities:
 Manage the radio-packet interface between the BSS
(Base Station Subsystem = BTS + BSC) and the IP
network by establishing, maintaining and terminating
link layer to the - Initiate, terminate, authenticate
session initiated by the subscriber.
 Provide IP add to the subscriber, perform packet
routing with in and to external networks.
 So in one word it manages every issue related to
data traffic.