Aerodynamic Drag Reduction using Vortex Generators

Guided by:

Presented by:

Reynold Jose Asst. Professor Aue Dept

Ansel J Vattakuzhy S6 AUE Roll No: 9

Table of content
Objective
Introduction Definition

Experimental details
Experiment setup Data reduction Results & discussions Conclusion Pros & Cons

Objective
To reduce the drag created on an automobile.
To attain high speed stability. To achieve high vehicle performance.

Introduction
Studies on aerodynamics, originated from aeronautics and

marine applications.
High speed to power ratio.
To achieve high vehicle performance.

Lowering vehicle drag coefficient (Cd), which is about

75 80 % of total motion resistance at 100 km/h.

Vortex Generator
Used to delay flow separation. Typically rectangular or triangular shaped. Seen on the wings and vertical tails of air liners.

Positioned obliquely to have an angle of attack with

local airflow.

Vortex generator by def.

Small, cambered, thin airfoils placed to

introduce swirling motions that energize the boundary layer causing a delay in stall.

Experimental details
Design of VG

Single vane type delta shape. Height of the VG = boundary layer thickness. Thickness of VG fixed at 0.5 mm. L/H ratio as 2 & Interval/height ratio as 6.(fig 1) Single row of 8 VG were positioned.(Fig 2)

Fig 1

Fig 2

Experimental setup
Scale model: Tata Sumo Grande, scale ratio 1:15.(fig 3)
To measure static pres: .2mm holes to place

manometers

Scale model

Location of manometers

Continued..
Relative air speed measured by micro manometer.

Expt Procedure
Objective: measure drag force, pressure variations and

relative speed.
Pressure points: front, the roof & rear.
Drag & lift force load cell directly attached to platform.

Data reduction
Pressure coefficient

A dimensionless number which describes the relative pressure. Relation b/w dimensional coefficient &dimensional no.: 2 Cp = (p p)/(V ) Dynamic pressure Total pressure = static pressure+ dynamic pressure. 2 P=p+(/2)*u = const

Contnd
Coefficient of drag(Cd)

relation b/w drag force & force of relative fluid. D=(1/2) Cd AV Coefficient of lift(Cl) relation b/w lift force & force of relative fluid. L=(1/2)Cl AV
2
2

Results & Discussion

Pressure coefficient
Dynamic pressure Coefficient of drag Coefficient of lift

Conclusions
Value of pressure coefficient without VG is minimum

but its value was observed to be maximum with VG at yaw angle of 15. Pressure coefficient increased with inclusion of VG by 17% at velocity 2.42 m/s. Value of Cd reduced by 90% at velocity 2.42 m/s & minimum 20% reduction in drag for VG at yaw angle 10.

Different kinds of vortex generators used

Flow effect of VG

Pros And Cons

Pros
Stall speed reduction (7-

Cons
Expensive Makes debugging of the

21%) Improved handling qualities Decrease tire and brake wear

leading edge difficult Possible source of vibration Dual instruction and practice required for full effectiveness

Vortex Generator on cars