Integrated Civil Engineering Design Project (Building Structure Design Example)

CIVL 395 HKUST

By : Ir. K.S. Kwan Date: 4/07

Architectural Consideration
Limitation

slope) View/light/Wind climate Flat size, Number of Blocks Podium (Other Facilities Cube house/ Carpark/
Commercial complex)

(plot ratio, height, public facilities,

Budget

estimation Other considerations

Structural Engineer Consideration

Any

site construction difficulties

Site Access Construction platform Foundation option Time for completion

Tower

Design

To provide a cost-effective solution

Case A : 45 storey
Lack of flexibility by structural element

End wall should be effectively used as shear wall to provide better stiffness

To enhance the stiffness of building by linking the walls as much as possible

Lack of flexibility by structural element

Too much wall

No support for slab

Wall not allowed in front of stairs

Too much wall

Beam ahead bedroom

End wall should be effectively used as shear wall to provide better stiffness

Structural Framing Plan

Secondary Beam for gravity load only Aspect ratio = 45x3/19 =7.0

Lintel Beam For both wind load and gravity load

Case B: 15 storey

Aspect ratio = 15x3/60 =0.75 Column structure used

Case C: 57 storey

Aspect ratio = 57x3/24.3 =7.03

Podium Structure
To

confirm the column layout under transfer structure confirm the transfer plate/column layout

To To

confirm the size of transfer structure (e.g. thickness of transfer plate) the tower loading and estimate the size of transfer structure size

Evaluate

Tower Framing plan

Transfer Structure under tower

Supporting columns under transfer structure

Other beam/column structure below

Other beam/column structure below

Other beam/column structure below

Preliminary Computer Model

Use

the effective members for first model

Estimate

the member size for model input based on gravity load first and provide some reserve for wind load (say 20 ~40% of wind load) Check top deflection < H/500

Only analysis the critical wind direction Only use the effective members for modeling

Minor wall not selected for preliminary modeling

Width of building to calculate the wind load

For preliminary model, only typical floor is used to simulate the whole tower.
Building height should be maintained

Tower model

Podium model

Element Checking
Check

critical lintel beam force (e.g. check wind shear stress v=V/bd ) critical element force (e.g. wall element under high compression/tension)

Check

Loading Schedule Checking

Check average gravity load (Total D+L/Gross Floor Area = 15~20 KN/m2

Total axial force = 0

Check total wind shear force = total wind force applied at the building

Q &A