TYPES OF BILL OF QUANTITIES

TRADE BILLS

the oldest form of Bills of Quantities

the bills aggregate the quantity of any one measured item, without distinction as to its position in the work or to its timing in the work programme trades are arranged normally in accordance with the SMM
eg. excavator, concretor, bricklayer, drainlayer, asphalter, pavior, mason, roofer, carpenter, joiner, steel & ironworker, plasterer, plumber, glazier and painter
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handout
building elements

ELEMENTAL BILLS

bills is divided into elements that correspond to functional parts of the building/project items are arranged and grouped according to elements, and within each element, the items are billed in trade order make the operation of cost planning and cost analysis techniques much easier most widely used in Malaysia
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ELEMENTAL BILLS (contd)

i. Disadvantage has to look through many of the elements in order to collect together all the items in a given trade, before an estimator can assess the total quantities of materials or type of plant required ii. difficulties arise with work which is to be sublet iii. longer/thicker bills as some items will be repeated in various elements i. Advantage convenient post contract practices

ALTERNATIVE BILLING SYSTEMS

OPERATIONAL BILLS

a programme for the building work is required prior to bill preparation showing all the site operations the bills is divided into a large number of sections / operations, each containing a parcel of work which can be executed continuously by the contractor each operation is presented for pricing in a form subdivided into labour, materials and sundries, plant and off-site work being billed under separate headings the arrangement of bill is according to the order of working
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OPERATIONAL BILLS (contd)

i. Failure of the format

architects reluctance to produce operational drawings ii. quantity surveyors lack of expertise in preparing building programmes iii. estimators need to change radically the estimating process iv. difficulty in valuing of work varied during the contract
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ACTIVITY BILLS
the bills is similar to that of the operational bills, except that the operations are detailed in the bill in accordance with the rules of the SMM rather than labour and materials

lack of widespread acceptance due to:

i. degree of repetition of items ii. the additional time taken in bill preparation iii. difficulty in preparing a precedence diagram at pretender stage 9

ANNOTATED BILLS
this is actually an elemental bill or trade bill with annotation or specification column added to facilitates immediate reference to its position in the building may sometimes results in the division of quantities of an item for each location disadvantage in the increase in size of the bill 10 and a longer preparation time

CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE BILLS

an elemental bill use for repetitive work such as housing a self-contained sub-bill is prepared for each house type, priced separately and timesed by the number of houses in the summary

the quantities for like items for each house type arranged laterally for pricing simultaneously 11

OTHER BILL TYPES

MASTER BILLS REDUCTION BILL ADDENDA BILLS SPECIALIST BILLS NOMINATED BILL SCHEDULE OF PRICES OR RATES CIVIL ENGINEERING BILLS COMPUTER BILLS
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