Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Class Gastropoda
Form and function
During embryonic development, visceral mass and nerve
system undergoes torsion Presence of protein shield-operculum at foot Presence of columella muscle Most diversified of all mollusc. Also most widely distributed. Symmetry bilateral in origin but due to torsion-assymetric. Visceral mass is linked to shell with columella muscle from foot to columella groove in shell. . This muscle allows flexible interchange between shell and visceral mass.
* Columella- The solid or hollow pillar of a univalve shell around which the whorls are arranged
Torsion
Torsion is a phenomena where veliger larva
undergo a 180 degress torsion of visceral mass Due to the imbalance growth in retractor muscle system connecting head foot region with shell. This creates a pull of the visceral mass As a result, the mantle cavity moves from original posterior to anterior region, directly above the head.
Torsion
last Cleaner water enter the mantle cavity if its in the anterior position.
Coiling
For
better weight distribution Compactness by conispiral shape Right side- loss of gill, atrium, and kidney Adaptation to carrying coiled shell
lung to small opening called pneumostome Single nephridium circulatory and nervous system Sense organ- osphradium Reproduction dioecious and monoecious Courtship ceremony exchange of spermatozoa After copulation deposits eggs in shallow burrow
CLASS BIVALVIA
Also known as hatched-footed animals
ligament Umbo-oldest part of shell, growth occurs in concentric line Pearl- when foreign object lodged between shell and mantle, secrete nacre Locomotion- slender muscular foot, pump blood swell and work as anchor Longitudinal muscle contract to shorten foot Scallops-clapping valves together, create jet propulsion Gas exchange- through mantle and gills
Bivalve gills is made of arranged layers of lamella. Movement of water through tiny pores in lamella allow exchange of gas between water and blood.
Boring
Burrow in mud or sand Evolved mechanism burrowing into harder substances
(wooden ship) Teredo slender posterior siphon, water flowing over the gills, a pair of small globular valves on the anterior end Have microscopic teeth- wood rasp, cellulose produce by symbiotic bacteria