Community Managed Disaster Risk Reduction: An Emerging Trend in Development

Early 2004, UN International Strategy for Disaster Reduction

Hyogo Conference on Disaster Reduction for January 18-22, 2005 Till 2nd half of December 2004 few only expressed to participate

December 26, 2004

Tsunami hit the Indian Ocean

January 18-22, 2005 UNs International Strategy for Disaster Reductions Hyogo Framework for Action (2005-2015): Building the Resilience of Nations and Communities

Land Mark

Hyogo Framework for Action

1. Ensure that disaster risk reduction is a national and a local priority with strong basis for implementation 2. Identify, assess and monitor disaster risk and enhance early warning 3. Use knowledge, innovation and education to build a culture of safety and resilience at all levels

4. Reduce the underlying risk factor

5. Strengthen disaster preparedness for effective response at all levels

World development direction was shifted from poverty reduction to disaster risk reduction.

168 Countries Adopted

UNs International Strategy for Disaster Reductions Hyogo Framework for Action (2005-2015): Building the Resilience of Nations and Communities

DISASTER RISK REDUCTION?

So What is

Is Disaster Natural?

Disaster is an act of man therefore it is not natural Inevitable occurrence People have control

WHY? Because Disaster are local. People in the community themselves are the affected and the first responders Global Warming Climate adaptation happens locally People are the foundation of nation etc

Causes of disasters are closely associated with unsustainable development patterns which increase the risk faced by large sectors of society. Its all about changing power relations, decisions making, access to resources

It tackles unresolved issues in development and centered around capacity development and releasing peoples potentials. the end state is people becomeRESILIENT o LIG-ON

DRR espouses building resilient communities, guided by the following principles

Recognition that communities have accumulated knowledge in addressing hazard events and navigating from their adverse conditions

Recognition that communities are survivors rather than victims

Recognition that basic rights are foundation of safety

Recognition that community organizations are mechanism for successful disaster risk reduction initiatives and that the government is a major player

Recognition that communities have to take responsibility for their most at risk members

Recognition that it is the communities that decide if they are in a state of disaster: if they could not cope and need outside help or they can cope and have the capacity to face the challenge

Recognition that resiliency is not merely accumulated physical assets or secured livelihood. Resiliency is the will to survive and claim his/her rights to be members of just and equitable society.

Clarifying the dividing line

An emerging framework for development and a tool

HAZARD
Those based in nature: earthquakes, droughts, floods, avalanches, etc. Those based in violence: war, armed conflict, physical assault, etc. Those based in deterioration: declining health, education and other social services; environmental degradation, etc. Those based in the failing of industrialized society: technological failures, oil spillage, factory explosions, fires, gas leakages, transport collisions.

VULNERABILITY
Is hazard specific and in the eyes of a hazard we are equally vulnerable if we are living in the same location but the capacity to cope is another story

Capacity Means?

Learning Points
There are capacities that addresses hazards and these are:

Preventive capacity

Mitigation capacity

Learning Points
There are capacities that addresses vulnerability and these are:

Individual Survivability

Community Readiness

Stress on proactive disaster management responses of prevention, mitigation and preparedness

Prevention- Measures taken to avert a disaster from occuring, if possible (to impede a hazard so that it does not have any harmful effects Mitigation- Measures taken prior to the impact of a disaster to minimize its effect. Preparedness- Measures taken in anticipation of a disaster to ensure that appropriate and effective actions are taken in the aftermath.

In our context we have layers to reach at the community level

We will probably see that it can be donethis is the time that we become irrelevant

Bringing together of people within the same community to enable them to collectively address a common disaster risk and collectively pursue a common disaster risk reduction measures.

Time Starts

Time End

2
Risk Assessment And Analysis

Risk Reduction Measures

Development Plan Contingency Plan

Tools to measure if Risk is reduced?

Community organizations who will implement the plan

Layers of Implementation: Where have we gone?

Community

Technicians/ facilitators

Implementing Partner Organization

Building from the Gains: The Approach

Community

Risk Assessment and analysis Hazard, Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment

Implementing Partner Organization

Building from the Gains: The Approach

Community Support System Government, NGOs

Stronger

Implementing Partner Organization

We know we can do it!

Learning by Doing, generating significant change stories and linking our work to policy!

The bottom line is at the community level

Thank You Very Much!