Introduction

Gas reservoirs: If the reservoir temperature is greater than the critical temperature of the hydrocarbon fluid, the reservoir is considered a gas reservoir.

Petroleum reservoirs are classified as: The composition of the reservoir hydrocarbon mixture Initial reservoir pressure and temperature We have to use a pressure-temperature diagram.

Hydrocarbon generation

Reservoir

Dry Gas
Gas properties are highly pressure dependent. Viscosity g and Compressibility Ct are function of the pressure. The term dry gas is used for a gas that does not form any hydrocarbon liquid at the surface. In this context, the terms "wet and "dry" do not refer to water or water vapor

Pressure-Temperature Diagram
Pressure-temperature diagrams are essentially used to: Classify reservoirs Classify the naturally occurring hydrocarbon systems Describe the phase behavior of the reservoir fluid

Formation Volume Factor ,,

,, = ,, is defined as a volume conversation for oil, gas, or water and is defined on a mass (or density) basis.

The Formation Volume Factor converts surface volumes to downhole conditions. Typical values:
Oil 1.2 to 2.4 RB/STB

Gas Water

0.003 to 0.01 rcf/scf 1.00 to 1.03 RB/STB

Viscosity 0,,
Is a measure of fluids internal resistance to flow. Fluid viscosity depends or pressure, temperature, and fluid composition. Typical values:
Oil Gas Water 0.2 to 30 cp 0.01 to 0.05 cp 0.5 to 1.05 cp

Compressibility 0,,
Typical values:
Oil 5 to 20 106 1 (P> ) 30 to 200 106 1 (P< )

Gas Water

50 to 1000 106 1 3 to 5 106 1

Gas Correlations

Dry Gas Phase Diagram

Dry gas is primarily methane with some intermediates. Figure shows that the hydrocarbon mixture is completely gas in the reservoir and that normal surface separator conditions fall outside the phase envelope. Thus, no liquid is formed either in the reservoir or at the surface.

The word dry in dry gas indicates that the gas does not contain enough of the heavier molecules to form hydrocarbon liquid at the surface. Usually some liquid water is condensed at the surface. A dry gas reservoir often is called simply a gas reservoir. This leads to confusion because wet gas reservoirs sometimes are called gas reservoir. Further, a retrograde gas initially exists as gas in the reservoir. A set of equations known collectively as gas material balance equations has been devised to determine original gas in place and predict gas reserves. These equations were derived for dry gasses and can be used for wet gases, if care is taken in defining the properties of the wet gases. The equations are applicable to retrograde gases only at reservoir pressures above the dew point.
gas-oil ratio greater than 100,000 scf/STB is considered to be a dry gas.