Infrastructure For E Commerce.

The Internet and World Wide Web: E-commerce Infrastructure
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2
The Internet
The Internet is a worldwide collection of networks that links millions of businesses, government agencies, educational institutions, and individuals
Page 74 Figure 2-1
Evolution of the Internet

The Internet was first developed by the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) and the U.S. Department of Defense(DoD) for scientific and military communications and to avoid the loss of communication in the event of any single installation being inaccessible due to war or natural disasters.
Myths About the Internet

Myth 1: The Internet is free
Most people and businesses pay for Internet access Free services are often in exchange for providing contact information or viewing advertisements Fee-based content is growing
Myths About the Internet

Myth 2: Someone controls the Internet
No single entity controls the Internet Governments can somewhat regulate Internet use within its country but difficult to control it well
Myth 3: The Internet and World Wide Web are identical

www & internet is two separate concepts. Web or WWW is the fastest growing part of the internet. Its most important feature is website. Internet is the network of many networks. It is a global network linking tens of thousands of networks & millions of individual users, businesses, schools & Government agencies.

Each organization is responsible only for maintaining its own network
The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) oversees research and sets guidelines and standards
Internet2 connects more than 200 universities and 115 companies via a high-speed private network
Page 76
Type of Connection and Internet Access

Many home and small business users connect to the Internet via high-speed broadband Internet service
Cable Internet service
DSL
Dial Up
Fixed wireless
Cellular Radio Network
Wi-Fi
Satellite Internet Service
Page 76
Type of Connection and Internet Access

Dial up Connection ISDN DSL Cable Wireless Internet Connection Satellite
Dial Up Connection (Analog)

Using a modem connected to your PC
PC has to dial a number provided by ISP via a phone line to connect

Slower, but cheaper Ties up phone lines Quality is not good
Dial-up is an analog connection because data is sent over an analog, public telephone network. The modem converts received analog data to digital and vise versa. Typical Dial-up connection speeds range from 2400 bps to 56 Kbps.
What is Broadband?
Broadband Internet access, often shortened to just "broadband", is a high data rate connection to the internet
10
Cable
Cable connections are considered one of the best types of internet connection available to the home user, they offer very fast and reliable connections with a fixed monthly fee. The broadband cable connection is provided by the local cable TV provider. Because the coaxial cable used by cable TV provides much greater bandwidth than telephone lines, a cable modem can be used to achieve extremely fast access. Cable speeds range from 512 Kbps to 20 Mbps. Because cable connections are Always on you will need a firewall and antivirus to protect your PC
11
DSL
DSL (Digital subscriber line)is also called an always on connection DSL is provided by the telephone company over your existing copper wire. With DSL, you can get both voice and data over the same pair of wires. DSL service is a technology for bringing high-bandwidth broadband internet service to homes and small businesses over ordinary copper telephone lines There is no need to dial-in to your ISP as DSL is always on. With DSL service all you need to do is plug your PC into your DSL modem and then from your modem to your normal telephone jack DSL Speed - 28Kbps 1.5Mbps
12
Satellite
The slowest broadband service is provided by satellite. Although this is a good replacement for dial-up for those people living in remote rural areas, the installation costs are quite high, but the ongoing monthly charges are competitive to both cable and DSL.
Slower and more expensive that cable or DSL
13
Wireless Connection
Fixed wireless: Wireless Internet, or wireless broadband is one of the newest Internet connection types, uses radio frequency bands and towers for internet connection. Wireless Internet provides an always-on connection which can be accessed from anywhere as long as you geographically within a network coverage area. Hotspot: Public wireless networks
Both free and fee-based are available Currently Wi-Fi so short range, but WiMAX may soon be an option
14
Hotspots
15
The Internet Community Today

Most members of the Internet community fall into one or more of the following groups
Users: People who use the Internet Internet service providers (ISPs): Provide access to the Internet, typically for a fee
An access provider is a business that provides individuals and organizations access to the Internet free or for a fee
16

An access provider is a business that provides individuals and organizations access to the Internet free or for a fee
Page 77 Figure 2-2
17

ISP (Internet service provider) Regional ISPs provide Internet access to a specific geographical area
Page 78
18
The World Wide Web

The World Wide Web, or Web, consists of a worldwide collection of electronic documents (Web pages) Can contain text, graphics, sound, video, and built-in connections A Web site is a collection of related Web pages and associated items A Web server is a computer that delivers requested Web pages to your computer Web 2.0 refers to Web sites that provide a means for users to interact Hypertext Markup Language (HTML): standard page description language for Web pages
Pages 80 - 81
19
The World Wide Web

A Web browser, or browser, allows users to access Web pages and Web 2.0 programs
Internet Explorer
Firefox
Opera
Safari
Page 81
Google Chrome
20
The World Wide Web
Page 81 Figure 2-6
21
The World Wide Web

A home page is the first page that a Web site displays Web pages provide links to other related Web pages
Surfing the Web
Some Web pages are designed specifically for microbrowsers
Pages 82 - 83 Figure 2-7
22
The World Wide Web

A Web page has a unique address called a URL or Web address
Pages 82 83 Figure 2-8
23
The World Wide Web

An IP address is a number that uniquely identifies each computer or device connected to the Internet A domain name is the text version of an IP address
Top-level domain (TLD)
A DNS server translates the domain name into its associated IP address
24
Page 80 Figure 2-5
25
Hypertext
A way of formatting pages with embedded links that connect documents to one another, and that also link pages to other objects such as sound, video, or animation files Uses Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) and URLs to locate resources on the Web
Example URL http://public.dawn.com/2010/11/03/sri-lanka-stunaussies-with-remarkable-comeback.html
Slide 3-2
Web Servers and Web Clients

Web server software:
Enables a computer to deliver Web pages written in HTML or XML to clients on network that request this service by sending an HTTP request Basic capabilities: Hosting web pages, Security services, FTP, etc
Term Web server also used to refer to physical computer that runs Web server software Web client: Any computing device attached to the Internet that is capable of making HTTP requests and displaying HTML pages
Slide 3-4
The World Wide Web

What is downloading?
The process of a computer receiving information Depending upon connection speed, downloading can take from a few seconds to several minutes
Uploading: is the process of transferring a file from local

computer to remote computer over network.
The World Wide Web

Tabbed browsing allows you to open and view multiple Web pages in a single Web browser window
Page 84 Figure 2-9
29
The World Wide Web

Two types of search tools are search engines and subject directories (http://dir.yahoo.com/)
Search engine
Finds information related to a specific topic
Page 85
Subject directory
Classifies Web pages in an organized set of categories
30
The World Wide Web
Page 85 Figure 2-10
31
The World Wide Web

A search engine is helpful in locating items such as:
Images
Videos
Audio
Publications
Maps
People or Businesses
Blogs
Page 85
32
The World Wide Web

There are thirteen types of Web sites
Portal
News
Informational
Business/Marketing
Blog
Wiki
Online Social Network
Educational
33
The World Wide Web
Entertainment
Advocacy
Web Application
Content Aggregator
Personal
34
The World Wide Web

Multimedia refers to any application that combines text with:
Page 92
35
The World Wide Web

A graphic is a digital representation of nontext information Graphic formats include BMP, GIF, JPEG, PNG, and TIFF
Page 93 Figure 2-17
36
The World Wide Web

A thumbnail is a small version of a larger graphic
Page 94 Figure 2-19
37
The World Wide Web

Animation is the appearance of motion created by displaying a series of still images in sequence
Page 94
38
The World Wide Web

Audio includes music, speech, or any other sound
Compressed to reduce file size
You listen to audio on your computer using a player Streaming is the process of transferring data in a continuous and even flow
39
The World Wide Web
Page 95 Figure 2-21
40
The World Wide Web

Video consists of images displayed in motion
Page 96 Figure 2-22
41
The World Wide Web

A plug-in is a program that extends the capability of a Web browser
Page 97 Figure 2-24
42
The World Wide Web

Web publishing is the development and maintenance of Web pages
Analyze and design a Web site
Plan a Web site
Create a Web site
Deploy a Web site
Maintain a Web site
Page 98
43
E-Commerce
E-commerce is a business transaction that occurs over an electronic network
M-commerce identifies e-commerce that takes place using mobile devices
Page 98
44
E-Commerce
Businesstoconsumer (B2C)
E-commerce
Businesstobusiness (B2B) Consumertoconsumer (C2C)
Pages 98 - 99
45
E-Commerce
Page 99 Figure 2-25
46
Other Internet Services

E-mail is the transmission of messages and files via a computer network An e-mail program allows you to create, send, receive, forward, store, print, and delete e-mail messages
Page 101 Figure 2-26
47
48

A mailing list is a group of e-mail names and addresses given a single name
Subscribing adds your e-mail name and address Unsubscribing removes your name
49

Instant messaging (IM) is a real-time Internet communications service
50

A chat is a real-time typed conversation that takes place on a computer A chat room is a location on an Internet server that permits users to chat with each other
51

VoIP (Voice over IP) enables users to speak to other users over the Internet
Also called Internet telephony
52

A newsgroup is an online area in which users have written discussions about a particular subject
Typically requires a newsreader
A message board is a Web-based type of discussion group

53
Netiquette
Netiquette is the code of acceptable Internet behavior
54
Beyond Browsing and E-Mail

Many other activities available via the Internet in addition to Web browsing and email
Online communications Social networking Online shopping and investing Online entertainment Online news, reference, and information Online education and writing
55

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The Internet and World Wide Web: E-commerce Infrastructure

Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2

Page 74 Figure 2-1

Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2

Evolution of the Internet

Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2

Myths About the Internet

Myths About the Internet

Myth 3: The Internet and World Wide Web are identical

Evolution of the Internet

Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2

Type of Connection and Internet Access

Cable Internet service

Cellular Radio Network

Satellite Internet Service

Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2

Type of Connection and Internet Access

Dial Up Connection (Analog)

PC has to dial a number provided by ISP via a phone line to connect

The Internet Community Today

The Internet Community Today

Page 77 Figure 2-2

Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2

The Internet Community Today

Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2

The World Wide Web

The World Wide Web

Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2

The World Wide Web

Page 81 Figure 2-6

Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2

The World Wide Web

Some Web pages are designed specifically for microbrowsers

Pages 82 - 83 Figure 2-7

Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2

The World Wide Web

Pages 82 83 Figure 2-8

Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2

The World Wide Web

Pages 79 80 Figure 2-4

Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2

Evolution of the Internet

Page 80 Figure 2-5

Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2

Web Servers and Web Clients

The World Wide Web

Uploading: is the process of transferring a file from local

The World Wide Web

Page 84 Figure 2-9

Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2

The World Wide Web

Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2

The World Wide Web

Page 85 Figure 2-10

Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2

The World Wide Web

Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2

The World Wide Web

Online Social Network

Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2

The World Wide Web

Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2

The World Wide Web