Submitted To:Dr.

Sunita Rawat
Head of Department Electrical Engineering

Submited by:Lokesh Kumar Verma VII Semester, IV Year Electrical Engineering

CONTENTS OF PRESENTATION :
Introduction Bird view of Sub-station 220-KV Sub-station of K Definition Of Sub-station Types of Sub-Station Functions of substation equipments Single Line Diagram Of 220 kV G.S.S. Kukas

This project includes study of transmission

lines, bus bars, circuit breakers, relay, isolators, earth switches, various types of transformers such as power transformers, capacitor voltage transformer, current transformers, lighting arresters and grounding system of sub-station.

Incoming feeders of 220 KV GSS, Kukas

220kV Incoming Feeders
1. V.K.I.A
2. Alwar 3. Bassi 4. K.K.D.

Outgoing feeders of 220 KV GSS, Kukas 220kV Outgoing Feeders

1. 2. 3. 4. V.K.I.A. Alwar Bassi K.K.D.

132KV OUTGOING FEEDERS:

1. 2. 3. 4. KKD-I KKD-II V.K.I.A. J/RAMGARH

33KV OUTGOING FEEDERS:

1. DHAND 2. RIICO

11KV OUTGOING FEEDERS:

1. RIICO 2. SHIV VILAS 3. KUKAS

Sub-station is a subsidiary station of an electricity generation, transmission and

distribution system where voltage is transformed from high to low or low to high voltage using transformers.

1. To Change voltage from one level to another. 2. To Regulate voltage to compensate for system voltage changes. 3. To Switch transmission and distribution circuits into and out of the grid system. 4. To Measure electric power quantity flowing in the circuits. 5. To Connect communication signals to the circuits. 6. To Eliminate lightning and other electrical surges from the system. 7. To Connect electric generation plants to the system. 8. To Make interconnections between the electric systems of more than one utility.

 Transmission sub-station :A transmission sub-station is connects two or more transmission lines.In such cases, the

substation contains high-voltage switches that allow

lines to be connected or isolated for fault clearance

or maintenance. A transmission station may have

transformers to convert the voltage from voltage level

to other level.

 Distribution sub-station :A distribution sub-station transfers power from the transmission system to the distribution system of an area. It is uneconomical to directly connect electricity consumers to the high-voltage main

transmission network, unless they use large amounts of power. So the distribution station reduces voltage to

a value suitable for local distribution.

 Collector sub-station :A collector sub-station steps up voltage to a transmission voltage for the grid. The collector substation also provides power factor correction, metering and control of the wind farm. The collector systems operates around 35 kv.

 Sub-station should be located at load center

Sufficient land area Grounding Easy of maintenance Possibility to Expand Reliability and Security Electrical design considerations

Many types of equipments are used in substation like Bus-Bar, Circuit Breaker, Isolators,

Earthing

switch,

Current

Transformer,

Voltage

Transformer, Lightning Arrester, wave trap, Power Transformer, shunt reactor etc.

 Power Transformer :To step-up or step-down the voltage and transfer power from one a.c. voltage another a.c. voltage at the same frequency.

 Current Transformer :To step-down currents for measurement, control

& protection.

 CVT:A capacitor voltage transformer (CVT) is a transformer used in power systems to step-down extra high voltage signals and provide low voltage signals.

 Circuit Breaker :Automatic switching during normal or abnormal

conditions.

 Isolators :Disconnection under no-load condition for

safety, isolation and maintenance.

 Lightning Arrester :To discharge lightning over voltages and

switching over voltages to earth.

Bus Bar

It is incoming 220 kv feeder bus from which the line is taken to the transformer for further step down. There are two bus systems. 1 Double main bus & transfer bus system 2 Mesh (Ring) bus bar system

Relay
A relay is an automatic device by means of which an electrical circuit is indirectly (opened or closed) and is governed by a change in the same or another electrical circuit
There are many types of relay 1 Over current relay 2 I.D.M.T. fault relay 3 Impedance relay 4 Earth fault relay 5 Buchhloz relay 6 Differential relay 7 Auxiliary relay