PERVASIVE COMPUTING

(Internet Beyond the Desktop)

Group members
F.H.A. Shibly Ahamed A. Jaleel A.J.M. Hasmi MS13904760 MS13904692 MS13904524

Contents
Introduction

Vision & Motivation

Applications Challenges in Pervasive Computing

Benefits Pervasive Scenario Future Aspects

Conclusions References
2

Introduction
Pervasive computing (also called ubiquitous computing) is the growing

trend towards embedding microprocessors.

The words pervasive and ubiquitous mean "existing everywhere". The aim of Pervasive Computing is for computing available wherever

it's needed. It spreads intelligence and connectivity to more or less everything.

Ships, Aircrafts, Cars, Bridges, Tunnels, Machines, Refrigerators, Door handles,

Lighting fixtures, Shoes, Hats, Tools, Homes and even things like our coffee mugs and even the human body embedded with chips Mobile Internet access, Third-generation wireless communication, Handheld devices, and Bluetooth have made pervasive computing a reality.

What is pervasive computing?

Definition
An environment in which people interact with embedded (and mostly invisible) computers (processors) and in which networked devices are aware of their surroundings and peers and are able to provide services or use services from peers effectively .

Pervasive computing means.,

Anytime/ Anywhere
1.

Any Device

Any Network

Any Data

Anytime/anywhere: 7 days x 24 hours, global, ubiquitous access.

2.

Any device: PC, Palm/PDA, cell phone, and so forth.

Any network: Access, Notification, Data Synchronization, Queued transactions, Wireless optimization, Security, content adaptation/reformat, development tools, device and user management.

3.

4.

Any data: E-mail, Personal Information Manager (PIM); Inter-Intranet; Public Services.

Characteristics of pervasive computing:

Physical integration: integration

Other terms for pervasive computing:

Ubiquitous computing
Calm technology Things that think

between computing nodes and the physical world.

Everyware
Instantaneous Interoperation:

Pervasive internet Ambient intelligence Proactive computing Augmented reality

devices interoperate spontaneously in changing.

Vision and Motivation

Pervasive Computing is the ability to access

information and software applications anytime and anywhere. Computing and communication capabilities are embedded in the infrastructure and disappeared from human users. People use computer-assisted task-specific devices, instead of computing devices. Using computing technologies will be as natural as using other non-computing technologies (e.g., pen, paper, and cups)

The ultimate goal of Pervasive Computing is to "make it unnecessary to carry around anything with you.
Currently, we must carry many items including:
Watch Wallet (money, credit cards, membership cards, driving license, name cards, passes, tickets, ...) NIC Cell phone Laptops, PDA's Documents Keys (for houses, cars, offices, ...)

If computing becomes pervasive to its full potential, there will be no need to carry these items at any time.

PRINCIPLES OF PERVASIVE COMPUTING

DECENTRALISATION DIVERSIFICATION CONNECTIVITY

SIMPLICITY

The Trends in Computing Technology

1970s

1990s

Late 1990s

Now and Tomorrow ?

Yesterday: Gadget Rules

Too bad they cant talk to each other

Today: Communication Rules

Configuration? Too much work

Sync. Download . Done.

Tomorrow: Services Will Rule

Pervasive Computing

Tomorrow: We Got Problems!

Pervasive Computing Era

Applications
RELATED FIELDS

SENSOR NETWORKS HUMAN COMPUTER INTERACTON ARTFCAL INTELLGENCE

It consists of computing devices equipped with sensors, a wireless radio, a processor, and a power source. Physical environment (e.g., environmental pollutions, wildlife).

It is the study of interaction between people (users) and computers. Basic goal-more user-friendly and receptive to the user's needs. Long term goal-to design systems that minimize the barrier between the human's cognitive model.

Artificial Intelligence is a branch of science which deals with helping machines find solutions to complex problems in a more human-like fashion. AI is generally associated with Computer Science, but it has many important links with other fields such a Maths, Psychology, Cognition, Biology and Philosophy, among many others.

USES OF PERVASIVE COMPUTING

Healthcare Vending Micro Payments Military

Business Uses

Personal Uses

Personal Information Flight Schedules Location Home interaction

REAL TIME APPLICATIONS PILL CAM

Miniature camera Diagnostic device It can be

swallowed Once swallowed it gives the data about the functioning of the vital organs in our body .

REAL TIME APPLICATIONS

SMART CLOTHING
Conductive textiles and inks

print electrically active patterns directly onto fabrics.

Sensors based on fabric

monitor pulse, blood pressure, body temperature.

Invisible collar microphones

Intelligent Environment of Pervasive Computing

Lights, air conditioning, TV automatically switch on and off when

you enter or leave rooms.

Sit on your favorite chair and TV switches on to the program you

usually watch at this time of the day.

Use communicator/pda for phone, remote control, keys

payments, passport, health records, authenticator.

Route input from virtual keyboard to nearest suitable display. Automatic detection of new items to control and physical

layout in a room or office, using computer vision.

Challenges
1.

Technical Challenges The need to make mobile devices smaller, lighter and have longer battery life means that their computing capabilities have to be compromised. But meeting the ever-growing expectations of mobile users may require computing and data manipulation capabilities well beyond those of a lightweight mobile computer with long battery life. Reconciling these contradictory requirements is difficult.

Challenges.
User Intent For proactively to be effective, it is crucial that a pervasive computing system track user intent. Otherwise, it will be almost impossible to determine which system actions will help rather than hinder the user. For example, suppose a user is viewing video over a network connection whose bandwidth suddenly drops. Should the system (a) reduce the fidelity of the video, (b) pause briefly to find another higher-bandwidth connection, or (c) advise the user that the task can no longer be accomplished? The correct choice will depend on what the user is trying to accomplish.
2.

Challenges.
3. Adaptation Strategy
Adaptation is necessary when there is a significant

mismatch between the supply and demand of a resource. The resource in question may be wireless network bandwidth, energy, computing cycles, memory, and so on.

Challenges.
4. Cooperation amongst information sources cannot be guaranteed
Device has reliable information,

but makes it inaccessible which is unreliable

Devices provides information,

Once device shares information, it needs

the capability to protect future propagation and changes to that information

Challenges.
5. Information Security

In a pervasive computing environment, access to trusted third parties and public key infrastructures is not guaranteed.

Benefits of Pervasive Computing

INVISIBLE SOCIALIZATION DECISION-MAKING EMERGENT BEHAVIOR INFORMATION PROCESSING ENHANCING EXPERIENCE CONVERGENCE

Benefits of Pervasive Computing

1) INVISIBLE: "Smart" environments will be embedded with computing technologies that will be mostly out-ofsight. Architecture will gain many more capabilities - with less visual clutter. 2) SOCIALIZATION: Interactions with architecture will be more social in nature. "Smart" buildings will illicit a more social response from occupants as computers user interfaces embed themselves within architecture. 3) DECISION-MAKING: "Smart" environments will help occupants to make better choices as they go about their everyday lives. At key moments within architectural experiences, a good architectural design will make "smart" environments helpful. Such architecture will be more proactive than passive. 4) EMERGENT BEHAVIOR: Buildings are now becoming more and more kinetic in form and function. Their movements and constructed designs come together dynamically to yield behaviors that make them more adaptive. 5) INFORMATION PROCESSING: Architecture will go from crunching data to making sense of data; therefore, eliminating our need to constantly input adjustments. 6) ENHANCING EXPERIENCE: As computers ubiquitously embed themselves in our environments, sensors and actuators will create "smart" environments where architectural space will be goal-oriented. 7) CONVERGENCE: Much of our environment will be supplemented with interconnected digital technologies. Such interconnectivity will allow for a new type of "sharing" that will serve to eliminate many mundane tasks.

Pervasive Scenario
Buy drinks by Friday (1)
Take out the last can of soda Swipe the cans UPC label, which

adds soda to your shopping list

Make a note that you need soda for

the guests you are having over this weekend

Scenarios
Buy drinks by Friday (2)
Approach a local supermarket
AutoPC informs you that you are

near a supermarket
Opportunistic reminder: If it is

convenient, stop by to buy drinks.

Scenarios.
Buy drinks by Friday (3)
- Friday rolls around and you have not

bought drinks
- Deadline-based reminder sent to

your pager

Future Aspects
Cell phones will ask the Cars will use the Internet to

landline phone what its telephone number is and will forward our calls to it.
Wrist watches will

monitor our sugar

find an open parking space or the nearest vegetarian restaurant inform the owner of the needed service or automatically install the necessary (software) repair Digi-tickers or implanted heart monitors in heart patients will talk wirelssly to computers, which will be trained to keep an eye open for abnormalities.

Conclusions
Pervasive computing in an increasingly networked world continues to affect more and more of the world's population. Although this is a global phenomenon, regional and national social and cultural factors will directly influence the technologies and promise of pervasive computing. There is a wide range of potential benefits for government, service providers and consumers as computing technologies become more pervasive.
There is a debate over how to address concerns over privacy, security safety and sustainability while still realizing the benefits of pervasive computing.

References
Mark Weiser, "The Computer for the Twenty-First Century," Scientific American, pp. 94-10, September 1991. Wikipedia : Mark Weiser, Ubiquitous Computing, HCI, AI M.Satyanarayanan, Pervasive Computing: Vision and Challenges, IEEE Personal Communications, August 2001. D.Saha, A.Mukherjee, Pervasive Computing: A Paradigm for the 21st Century, IEEE Computer Society, March 2003. Roberto Siagri, Presentation of "Computer you can eat or Portable, High-Performance Systems", Eurotech Spa, December 2004 Andrew C. Huang, Presentation of Pervasive Computing: What is it good for?, August 1999 www.wikipaedia.com MIT Project Oxygen. http://oxygen.lcs.mit.edu/videometaglue.html CMU Project Aura. http://www-2.cs.cmu.edu/ aura/. IBM Planet Blue. http://researchweb.watson.ibm.com/compsci/planetblue.html

THANK YOU