By Aldinette and Jacinda

BSED Math students

Postulate 4. The Line Postulate
 For every two points, there is exactly
one line that contains both points.
Postulate 5.
 (a) Every plane contains at least
three noncollinear points.

(b) Space contains at least four
noncoplanar points.
Theorem 3-1
 If two different lines intersect, their
intersection contains only one point.
 Flatness of Planes
Postulate 6
 It two points of a line lie in a plane,

then the line lies in the same plane.

Theorem 3-2
 If a line intersects a plane not

containing it, then the intersection

contains only one point.
Postulate 7. The Plane Postulate
 Any three points lie in at least one

plane, and any three noncollinear

points lie in exactly one plane.
Theorem 3-3

Given a line and a point not on the
line, there is exactly one plane
containing both.
Theorem 3-4

Given two intersecting lines, there
is exactly one plane containing
both.
Postulate 8
 If two different planes intersect,

then there intersection is a line.

 Point

• A point is simply a
A
location. It has no
dimension (shape
or size), is usually Point A
represented by a
small dot, and
named by a capital
letter.
 Line
• A line is a set of
points and extends
in one dimension. It
has no thickness or
width, is usually A
represented by a m
straight line with
two arrowheads to
indicate that it
extends without B
end in both
directions, and is
named by two
points on the line or Line AB or line
a lowercase script m
 Plane
• A plane is a flat
surface made up
of points. It
extends in two
dimensions, is A

usually
M
represented by a C
shape that looks B

like a tabletop or
wall, and is
named by a
capital script Plane ABC or plane M
letter or 3 non-
collinear points.
 SPACE

• Space is a boundless,
three dimensional set of
all points. It can contain
points, lines, and planes.
A few more basic concepts
using these undefined terms
...
 Collinearpoints are points that
lie on the same line.

 Coplanar points are points that

lie on the same plane.
Example 1:
Name three points
H
that are collinear
G

Solution: D E F

D, E and F lie on
the same line, so
they are collinear.
Example 2:
Name four points
H
that are
G
coplanar.
D E F
Solution:
D, E, F, and G lie
on the same
plane, so they
are coplanar.
Example 3:
Name three points
H
that are not
G
collinear.
D E F
Solution:
points H, E, and G
do not lie on the
same line.
Intersections of Lines &
Planes
 Two or more lines intersect if they
have a common point.
 Two or more planes intersect if
they have a common line.

 Thus,the intersection of any

figures is the set of points the
figures have in common.
Example 4:

 Sketching a line
that intersects a
plane in one point
Example 5:
 Sketching two
planes that
intersect in a
line
 1.) Site 6 coplanar
2.) Intersection of plane

QRST and plane

RSWV
X 3.) Intersection of UV
U W and
V
plane QTXU
4.) Lines that intersect
at
T
point S
Q S 5.) Planes that
R intersect at
XW
6.) A point that is in the
same plane as
points U,
S and R
 Postulate 9. (Plane Separation
Postulate) Given a line and a plane
containing it, the points of the plane that do
not lie on the line form two sets such that:
Each of the sets is convex;
If P is in one set and Q is in the other, then segment PQ
intersects the line.
 
Postulate 10. (Space Separation
Postulate) The points of space that do
not lie in a given plane form two sets such
that:
Each of the sets is convex.
If P is in one set and Q is in the other, then segment PQ
intersects the plane.
 CONVEX
 InEuclidean space, an object
is convex if for every pair of
points within the object,
every point on the straight
line segment that joins them
is also within the object.
Half-planes Half-spaces

m P
P