VIDEO……

(Playing See-saw)

From the video what can you observe?

BALANCED FORCES

UNBALANCED FORCES
 Learning Outcomes

A student should be able to :

• Describe the effects of balanced force acting

on an object

• Describe the effects of unbalanced force

acting on an object
 Balanced Forces

Consider a physics book at rest

on a table top

 2 forces acting upon the book

 2 forces are equal magnitude & in

opposite directions, they balance
each other.

When the forces acting on  When the forces acting upon the book
an object are balanced they balance each other, the book will be at
cancel each other out. The equilibrium.
net force acting on an
object is equal to zero.
(Acceleration = 0 m/s²)
 Unbalanced Forces
Consider a physics book sliding from
left to right across a table top
 2 forces acting upon the book and
balance each other

 no force present to balance the force

of friction.

 the book moves to the right, friction

acts to the left to slow the book down

 there is unbalanced force , the book

changes its state of motion.
When the forces acting on
an object unbalanced,  the unbalanced forces is directed
they not cancel each opposite the book’s motion & will
other, the net force is cause it to slow down
acting on an object.
(Acceleration ≠ 0 m/s²)  the book is not at equilibrium.
A bird perching on a branch of a tree
R (Reaction of the branch)

 The forces of gravity, W pulls it downward

and the reaction of the branch, R pushed
the bird upward to balance the weight.

 The net or total force acting on the bird is

zero and the bird is at rest.

W (Weight of the bird)

 VIDEO……
(Golf Buggy)

From the video what do you think about a force?

A velocity?
 A golf buggy moving in a golf course
R (Reaction of the ground)

T (Engine Force) F (Frictional Force)

W (Weight of the golf buggy)

 T – drives the buggy forward

 T has the same magnitude with F (included air resistance), but
acts in the opposite direction.
 The net horizontal force acting on the buggy is 0

 W is balanced by the R on the buggy

 The net vertical force on the golf buggy is 0

 So the buggy moves with a constant velocity

 Toy car starts to move Toy car stop the moving

 Push the stationary toy car  A toy car collides with a wall
with the hand
 The toy car is stop by the wall
 The toy car start to move
 The forces can stops the motion
 The forces can moves a of an object.
stationary object.
A cyclist use a bigger force
to pedal his bicycle and
increased its speed

 The forces to the pedal is greater

than the frictional forces acting on
the bicycle.

 The resultant force, F causes the

bicycle to accelerate forward.
 Lorry moves from smooth surface to
a rough surface
smooth surface rough surface

Move to

 When a lorry moves from a smooth surface to a rough surface,

the forces of friction retards the motion of the lorry and slow down
a lorry moving (decelerate)
 A tennis ball hit by the racket

 When a tennis ball is hit

by a racket, the reactive
force causes the tennis
ball to change its direction
 Bending a straight ruler
Straight ruler

A straight ruler forms

an arc when bending
forces are applied to
Change to
both ends. The forces
can change the shape
of an object.

Bend ruler
 start or stop
change the size or moving object
shape of an object

change the
The effects move a stationary
direction of
of forces object
a moving object

change the
velocity of a slow down a moving
moving object object
GROUP DISCUSSION
What can you observe from this pictures &
situation given relate with the forces?

Arm wrestling
competition

Push the brakes

down car

Tug of war
 Arm Wrestling Competition

Situation 1 Situation 2
Imagine if you Imagine if you
compete against some compete against a
one who is just about world famous body
as strong as you. builder.

 When both of you are pushing  When both of you are pushing
as hard as you can your arm as hard as you can your arms will
stay in the same place. move in the direction he is pushing.

 The force exerted by each person  His force will be much greater than
is equal, but they are pushing in yours.
opposite direction.

 The forces that is equal to his force

 The 2 forces cancel each other & minus your force.
the resulting forces is 0.
 The is the situation of unbalance
 The is the situation of balance forces.
forces .
 Push the brakes
down car

 If you & your brother push the car,

Situation the resulting force on the car will be
the sum of your forces.
Imagine that your
family’s car breaks  The direction of the forces of course
down on the road. in the direction that you are applying
the forces.
You & your brother
have to push it into
the parking lot.

 The is the situation of unbalance

forces.
 Tug of War

Situation 1 Situation 1
Imagine if you Imagine that you
compete against team compete against US
have a same Olympic weight
strength. lifting team.

 Similar to an arm wrestling  Their force will probably be a

match, the force are moving away little larger than yours.
from each other.
 You will move in the direction
 If 2 teams have equal force, the they are pulling with a force that
rope will stay pretty much in is equal to their force minus your
same place. force.

 The 2 forces cancel each other &

the resulting forces is 0.  The is the situation of unbalance
forces .
 The is the situation of balance
forces .
 Conclusion from the situation
FORCE

Balance Unbalance
 Do not cause a change
 Cause a change of motion.
of motion.
 The force are not equal in
 The force are equal in
size & opposite in direction.
size & opposite in direction.

Two important thing to remember when

working with balanced & unbalanced forces :

•Forces in the same direction combine by

addition

•Forces in opposite direction combine by

subtraction
 TEST STUDENT
UNDERSTANDING….
 When the forces acting
on an object are balanced,
the object is remain at
rest.

Sorry Sir, I think the

object is either at rest or
moving at a constant
velocity…

Blur??????
Think about it…..
Do you agree or
not?

‘No net force’ does not

mean that there are no
forces acting on an
object.

It simply means
that all the forces
are balanced
 Learning Outcomes

A student should be able to :

• Describe the effects of balanced force acting

on an object

• Describe the effects of unbalanced force

acting on an object
 start or stop
change the size or moving object
shape of an object

change the
The effects move a stationary
direction of
of forces object
a moving object

change the
velocity of a slow down a moving
moving object object
 ASSIGNMENT……

 Reading a subtopic – relationship between force,

mass and acceleration for the next lesson (text book
page : 37)

 Experiment :

1) to investigate the relationship between acceleration

and force when the mass is constant

2) to investigate the relationship between acceleration

and mass when the force is constant