Lecture-18, 19

Input-Output Devices

25-Sep-13

Ashis Talukder, MIS, DU.

Role of I/O Devices in a Computer System

25-Sep-13

Ashis Talukder, MIS, DU.

Input Devices
An input device is an electromechanical device, which accepts data from the outside world, and translates into computer interpretable form.

25-Sep-13

Ashis Talukder, MIS, DU.

Commonly Used Input Devices

Keyboard Mouse Trackball Joystick Touch Screen Scanner Bar-Code Reader Optical Code Reader (OCR) Optical Mark Reader (OMR) Digitizer
Ashis Talukder, MIS, DU. 4

25-Sep-13

Keyboard
Most convenient/popular input device for entering text The original design of keyboard came from mechanical typewriter Keyboards keys depend on manufacturer, OS, computer (laptop/desktop)

25-Sep-13

Ashis Talukder, MIS, DU.

Keyboard Keys
Usually between 80 and 110 keys Most Keyboards have keys arranged in following groups
Typing Keys / Alphanumeric Keys Numeric Keys / Numeric Keypad Function Keys Modifier Keys Cursor-movement keys

25-Sep-13

Ashis Talukder, MIS, DU.

Keyboard Keys

25-Sep-13

Ashis Talukder, MIS, DU.

QWERTY Layout
Most keyboards use it Named for the first six keys in the top row of letters

The same layout used for the typewriter

helped keep mechanical typewriters' metal arms from colliding and jamming as people typed the QWERTY pattern had long been a standard by the time computer keyboards came around
25-Sep-13 Ashis Talukder, MIS, DU. 8

What Happens When a Key is Pressed?

25-Sep-13

Ashis Talukder, MIS, DU.

Mouse
Most popular point-and-draw device. Mouse sends messages to the computer system when the mouse moves or when a button is pressed. First broke onto the public stage with the introduction of the Apple Macintosh in 1984. Mouse sends messages to the computer system when the mouse moves or when a button is pressed.
25-Sep-13 Ashis Talukder, MIS, DU. 10

Benefits of Optical Mouse Over Trackball Mouse

No moving parts means less wear and a lower chance of failure. There's no way for dirt to get inside the mouse and interfere with the tracking sensors. Increased tracking resolution means a smoother response. Don't require a special surface, such as a mouse pad.

25-Sep-13

Ashis Talukder, MIS, DU.

11

Trackball
A trackball is like a mouse turned upsidedown. Use your thumb to move the exposed ball and your fingers to press the buttons. Commonly integrated into the casing of most laptop personal computers.

25-Sep-13

Ashis Talukder, MIS, DU.

12

Trackpad
A trackpad is a touch-sensitive pad that provides the same functionality as a mouse. To use a trackpad, you glide your finger across its surface. Trackpads provide a set of buttons that function like mouse buttons.

25-Sep-13

Ashis Talukder, MIS, DU.

13

Joystick
Used to control the position of an on-screen cursor or some object. A short stick is either gripped or operated by the tips of the fingers and can be moved in all compass directions Common use of Joysticks is to control features in games particularly flight simulations.

25-Sep-13

Ashis Talukder, MIS, DU.

14

Scanner
A scanner translates paper documents into an electronic format which stored in computer. The scanner senses the intensity and possibly, color at each of many points in a rectangular grid. Quality of the scanning depends on resolution which is measured in DPI (Dots Per Inch) and range of intensities. Higher the resolution better the detail information can be stored. The intensity is recorded as a digital value and the number of different values used determines this aspect of the scanners quality. An 8-bit scanner can distinguish 256 different levels of intensity referred to as a grey scale.
25-Sep-13 Ashis Talukder, MIS, DU. 15

Types of Scanner
Flatbed scanners, also called desktop scanners, are the most versatile and commonly used scanners. The image on paper is placed on a glass screen and then the whole page is scanned.

25-Sep-13

Ashis Talukder, MIS, DU.

16

Types of Scanner
Handheld scanners use the same basic technology as a flatbed scanner, but rely on the user to move them instead of a motorized belt. This type of scanner typically does not provide good image quality. However, it can be useful for quickly capturing text.

25-Sep-13

Ashis Talukder, MIS, DU.

17

Optical Mark Reader (OMR)

Optical Mark Readers "read" pencil or pen marks made in pre-defined positions on paper forms as responses to questions or tick list prompts. One of the most familiar applications of OMR is in multiple choice question examinations. Many traditional OMR devices work with a dedicated scanner device that shines a beam of light onto the form paper. The contrasting reflectivity at predetermined positions on a page is then utilized to detect the marked areas because they reflect less light than the blank areas of the paper.

25-Sep-13

Ashis Talukder, MIS, DU.

18

Optical Mark Reader

25-Sep-13

Ashis Talukder, MIS, DU.

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Optical Character Reader (OCR)

Translation of images of handwritten, typewritten or printed text (usually captured by a scanner) into machine-editable text The accurate recognition of Latin-script, typewritten text is now considered largely a solved problem. Typical accuracy rates exceed 99%.
25-Sep-13 Ashis Talukder, MIS, DU. 20

Bar-Code Reader
Data coded in the form of small bars are known as barcodes. A Barcode reader is used for reading bar-coded data. It scans a bar-code image, and converts it into an alphanumeric value, which is then fed to the computer to which the bar-code reader is connected. Mainly used for unique identification of all types of goods, books, postal packages, tag etc. It uses laser-beam scanning technology.

25-Sep-13

Ashis Talukder, MIS, DU.

21

Touch Screen
Touch-screen monitors have become more and more commonplace. When a finger touches the screen, the X and Y coordinates on the screen can be detected.

25-Sep-13

Ashis Talukder, MIS, DU.

22

Light Pen
A light pen is a computer input device in the form of a light-sensitive wand used in conjunction with a computer's CRT TV set or monitor. It allows the user to point to displayed objects, or draw on the screen, in a similar way to a touch screen but with greater positional accuracy. The user brings the pen to the desired point on screen and presses the pen button to make contact. A light pen can work with any CRT-based display, but not with LCD screens.

25-Sep-13

Ashis Talukder, MIS, DU.

23

Light Pen

25-Sep-13

Ashis Talukder, MIS, DU.

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