DEFINITION

An agent that produces a temporary increase of the functional activity or efficiency of a organism or any of its parts.

 Definition;

Also

known as immunostimulators. Immunostimulants are the substances that stimulate the immune system by inducing activation or increasing activity of any of its components.

number of disorders such as Autoimmune diseases , cancer, & viral infections can be treated with immunostimulant drugs. They may affect innate as well as adaptive immunity. These may work on cellular or humoral immune system or both.

 BIOLOGICAL

RESPONSE MODIFIERS or IMMUNOMODULATORS

Because

Variable effects in different conditions & on different components of immune system.

 SPECIFIC

IMMUNOSTIMULANTS;

Provide antigenic specificity in immune response.

IMMUNOSTIMULANTS;

NONSPECIFIC

Stimulate components of the immune system without antigenic specificity.

 It

is an attenuated live culture of calmetteguerin strain of bacillus MYCOBACTERIUM BOVIS. Active constituent is muramyl dipeptide.
Its

action is Nonspecific

Stimulates T-cells & NK cells

 USES;

Treatment of urinary bladder cancer Chills, fever, malaise [feeling of discomfort], hypersensitivity reactions, & shock.

ADR;

 It

is actually an anthelmintic drug. Also stimulates T-cells, B-cells, monocyte, & macrophage activity. levamisole + 5-fluorouracil

Improve

survival of patients suffering with colorectal cancer [colon or rectum].

 Also

used in patients with slow spreading Vitiligo [depigmentation or discoloration of skin]. ADR;

Flu-like symptoms, allergic manifestations, nausea, & muscle pain.

 This

drug is available for restricted use i.e to treat erythema nodosum leprosum & multiple myeloma because of its immunomodulatory & anti-inflammatory effects. It decreases TNF- levels in blood & produces angiogenic effects.

 Interferons;

IFN-, IFN-1a & 1b, IFN-

Interleukin-2;

Aldesleukin, opreleukin

 Group

of peptide hormones synthesised by thymus gland. It regulates T-cell maturation &stimulates IFNs & IL-2 production. Treatment of hepatitis.

 Nonspecific

immunomodulator. Treatment of urinary bladder cancer.

ISOPRINOSINE
It increases natural killer cell cytotoxicity & activity of T-cells ,monocytes. USES; common cold, influenza, herpes, viral encephalitis, delaying the onset of AIDS in patients infected with HIV.

TIME FOR DOUBTS

THANK YOU

PREPARED BY,
N.NANTHINI