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BIOCHEMISTRY II LIPID METABOLISM

EVEN ARMED GROUPS NIM BIOCHEMISTRY 2009 and 2010

Sense of Metabolism and Lipid Metabolism

Metabolism in the sense of simply the body's rate of burning calories to survive.
Lipid metabolism is a lipid or fat burning process, or the process of decomposition or adjustment of fat in the body.

Metabolism of lipids or fats in the body occur in the heart/ liver. Lipid we obtain as a main energy source is of neutral lipids, ie triglycerides (esters of the glycerol with 3 fatty acids).

THERE ARE FOUR PATHWAYS OF LIPID

1. Fatty acids from adipose tissue to other networks (with albumin);

2. Lipid of food from the intestine to other tissues (chylomicrons);

3. Lipid that is synthesized in the body (endogenous) from the liver to other tissues (VLDL, LDL);

4. Reverse transport of cholesterol from extrahepatic tissues to the liver to be excreted through the bile (HDL).

Cholesterol is present in the network, such as structural components of membranes. Cholesterol serves as a component of cell membranes and precursors of steroid hormones (corticosteroids, sex hormones, etc.), acids / bile salts, vitamin D.

Cholesterol contributes to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis artery causing cerebrovascular disease, coronary and peripheral vessels.
Cholesterol in the body comes from the diet or can be synthesized from acetyl-CoA.

1. Synthesis mevalonat, from acetyl-CoA.

2.Conversi on of mevalonic into 2 active isoprene (5 C atoms). 3.Condens ation 6 active isoprene into skualen (30 C atoms).

Cholesterol synthesis

4. Changes skualen, lanosterol, steroid nucleus containing 4 hexagon ring.

The process of Lipid Metabolism

The Process Of Digestion In The Intestine By The ENZYME
Fatty Acids + Glycerol Fat
Adipose Tissue (Fat Tissue) The Liver In The Form Lecithin

LIPID

Lecithin lipase Acids + Glycerol

created

Fatty

Triglycerides (Neutral Lipids)

The Summary of Lipid Metabolism

GLYCEROL METABOLISM

Chemical reactions in the metabolism of glycerol

Fatty Acid Oxidation (Beta Oxidation)

To get energy, fatty acids can be oxidized in a process called beta oxidation. Before dikatabolisir in beta oxidation, fatty acids must be switched to the acyl-CoA. With the presence of ATP and coenzyme A, fatty acid by the enzyme activated by dikatalisir acyl-CoA synthetase (Tiokinase).

 Free fatty acids are generally in the form of fatty acids, long chain. Long-chain fatty acids will be able to enter into the mitochondria with the help of carnitine compound, with the formula (CH3) 3N +-CH2-CH (OH)-CH2COO-.

The mechanism of transport of trans fatty acids through the mitochondrial membrane carnitine transport mechanism

In the beta oxidation of fatty acids into the series with 5 cycles at each stage of the process and the process, raised two atom C with the end result in the form of acetyl CoA. Furthermore, acetyl CoA into the citric acid cycle. In the process of oxidation, fatty acid carbon is oxidized to ketones.

carbon oxidation into ketone

 Description: The frequency of oxidation is ( the number of atoms C) -1 The number of acetyl CoA produced is (1/2 the number of atoms C) Oxidation of fatty acids with 16 atom C. Note that each process termination 2 C atom is oxidation and every

Activation of fatty acids, beta oxidation and the citric acid cycle

Once inside mitochondria, acyl-CoA will experience the stages of change as follows:
Acyl-CoA is converted into trans-delta2-enoil-CoA. At this stage occurs the respiratory chain by producing energy 2P (+2 C)

enoil-trans-delta2-CoA is converted into L (+)-3-hydroxy-acyl-CoA

L (+)-3-hydroxy-acyl-CoA is converted into 3-Ketoasil-CoA. At this stage occurs the respiratory chain by producing energy 3P (+3 P) Furthermore, acetyl CoA formed containing two C atoms and acyl-CoA which has lost two atom C.

asam lemak memiliki banyak atom C, maka asil-KoA mengalami oksidasi beta kembali dan kehilangan lagi 2 atom C membentuk asetil KoA, seterusnya hingga hasil yang terakhir adalah 2 asetil-KoA

Asetil-KoA yang dihasilkan oleh oksidasi beta ini selanjutnya akan masuk siklus asam sitrat.

KETOGENESYS PROCESS

Running ketogenesys in the liver

KOLESTEROGENESYS AND STEROIDOGENESYS PROCESS

asetil process called KoA cholesterogenesys

choleste used as material for rol synthesized

steroi d

process called steroidogenesys

Running Cholesterogenesys

FUCTION OF LIPID

3. Conclusion
Metabolism LIPID

Biokimia
Metabolisme Lipid

The conclusion from the above discussion are: A. Lipid metabolism is a lipid or fat burning process, or the process of decomposition or adjustment of fat in the body. Metabolism of lipids or fats in the body occur in the heart / liver. Performed by lipase found in the intestine and lymph node pancreas, the optimum pH from 7.5 to 8.

The types of lipid metabolism include: 1) Metabolism of glycerol. 2) oxidation of fatty acids (beta oxidation)

There are some functions of lipids include:

Biokimia
Metabolisme Lipid

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