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NATIONAL THERMAL POWER CORPORATION Ltd.

(NTPC ltd. FARIDABAD, HARYANA)


Prepared by- BHASKAR GOEL E&C HCST FARAH MATHURA

AN OVERVIEW
NTPC was set up in 1975. Indias largest power company. NTPC is emerging as a diversified power major. NTPC has already ventured into consultancy, power trading, ash utilisation and coal mining. NTPC became a Maharatna company in May, 2010 Total installed capacity of the company is 39,174 MW

NTPC has 16 coal based, 7 gas based stations and is also coming up with hydro based plants at koldam in (H.P.) and Tapovan vishnugad in (uttrakhand). In addition under JVs 7 stations are coal based & 1 uses naphtha/LNG as fuel.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF FARIDABAD GAS POWER PLANT It is a Gas based Combined Cycle Power Plant. Plant Capacity : 432 MW Plant Configuration : Gas Turbine 1 - 138 MW Gas Turbine 2 - 138 MW Steam Turbine - 156 MW Mode of Operation : Base Load Fuel : Natural Gas Alternate Fuel : Naphtha Average Gas : 2 million cubic meters per day requirement

Fuel Source : HBJ pipe line ( through GAIL ) Naphtha Storage : 2 tanks of 8000 Kl. Capacity each Power Evacuation : >2X220 KV Double circuit lines to 220 KV BBMB sub-station at Samaipur ( Ballabgarh ) >2X220 KV Double Circuit lines to 220 KV HVPN sub-station at Palla ( Faridabad ) Cooling water : Rampur Distributory source Gas based power plant has minimum water requirement of 1.7 2.00 M3/MW against any other kind of power plant.

What does combined cycle gas turbine(CCGT) means?


A (CCGT) plant is an electrical power plant in which a gas turbine and a steam turbine are used in combination to achieve greater efficiency than would be possible independently. The gas turbine drives an electrical generator while the gas turbine exhaust is used to produce steam in a heat exchanger(called a Heat Recovery Steam Generator, HRSG) to supply a steam turbine whose output provides the means to generate more electricity.

Efficiency
Combined cycle efficiency eq. hCC = hB + hR - (hB * hR)

suppose the gas turbines efficiency hB is 40% and that the steam turbine efficiency hR is 30% hence hCC = 0.4 + 0.3 (0.4 * 0.3) hCC = 0.58 -> hCC = 58%
The combined cycle efficiency of 58% is much greater than either the gas turbine or the steam turbines efficiencies separately. Power output of the steam turbine is typically 1/3 of the total output of the total power output of the combine cycle power plant. It is this extra electricity produced from the same amount of turbine energy (without additional fuel consumption) that makes a combined cycle plant much more efficient than a simple cycle gas turbine peaking plant.

FLOW DIAGRAMS DEPICTING OPEN AND CLOSED CYCLE WORKING OF CCGT

ST
15.75 KV
L P T H P T

Main Steam Line

156.07 MW

Condenser

220 KV

AIR intake

GEN. TR
10.5 KV 137.758 MW UAT 6.6 KV

GT#2
AIR intake

WHRB#2 By Pass Stack

Main Stack

275.5 MW

220 KV

GEN. TR
137.758 MW UAT 6.6 KV

10.5 KV

GT#1
By Pass Stack

WHRB#1

Main Stack

Gas / Naptha GAIL (HBJ Pipeline)

DM Water

ST
15.75 KV
L P T H P T

Main Steam Line

156.07 MW

Condenser

220 KV

AIR intake 10.5 KV

GEN. TR
137.758 MW UAT 6.6 KV

GT#2
AIR intake

WHRB#2 By Pass Stack

Main Stack

275.5 MW

220 KV

GEN. TR
137.758 MW UAT 6.6 KV

10.5 KV

GT#1
By Pass Stack

WHRB#1

Main Stack

Gas / Naptha GAIL (HBJ Pipeline)

DM Water

ST
15.75 KV
L P T H P T

Main Steam Line

156.07 MW

Condenser

220 KV

AIR intake

GEN. TR
10.5 KV 137.758 MW UAT 6.6 KV

GT#2
AIR intake

WHRB#2 By Pass Stack

Main Stack

275.5 MW

220 KV

GEN. TR
137.758 MW UAT 6.6 KV

10.5 KV

GT#1
By Pass Stack

WHRB#1

Main Stack

Gas / Naptha GAIL (HBJ Pipeline)

DM Water

ST
15.75 KV
L P T H P T

Main Steam Line

156.07 MW

Condenser

220 KV

AIR intake 10.5 KV

GEN. TR
137.758 MW UAT 6.6 KV

GT#2
AIR intake

WHRB#2 By Pass Stack

Main Stack

275.5 MW

220 KV

GEN. TR
137.758 MW UAT 6.6 KV

10.5 KV

GT#1
By Pass Stack

WHRB#1

Main Stack

Gas / Naptha GAIL (HBJ Pipeline)

DM Water

ST
15.75 KV
L P T H P T

Main Steam Line

156.07 MW

Condenser

220 KV

AIR intake 10.5 KV

Flue Gas 555 C 200 MMWC

GEN. TR
137.758 MW UAT 6.6 KV

GT#2
AIR intake

WHRB#2 By Pass Stack


Flue Gas 555 C 200 MMWC

Main Stack

275.5 MW

220 KV

GEN. TR
137.758 MW UAT 6.6 KV

10.5 KV

GT#1
By Pass Stack

WHRB#1

Main Stack

Gas / Naptha GAIL (HBJ Pipeline)

DM Water

ST
15.75 KV
L P T H P T

Main Steam Line

156.07 MW

Condenser

220 KV

AIR intake 10.5 KV

GEN. TR
137.758 MW UAT 6.6 KV

GT#2
AIR intake

WHRB#2 By Pass Stack

Main Stack

432 MW

220 KV

GEN. TR
137.758 MW UAT 6.6 KV

10.5 KV

GT#1
By Pass Stack

WHRB#1

Main Stack

Gas / Naptha GAIL (HBJ Pipeline)

DM Water

ST
15.75 KV
L P T H P T

Main Steam Line

156.07 MW

Condenser

220 KV

AIR intake 10.5 KV

GEN. TR
137.758 MW UAT 6.6 KV

GT#2
AIR intake

WHRB#2 By Pass Stack

Main Stack

432 MW

220 KV

GEN. TR
137.758 MW UAT 6.6 KV

10.5 KV

GT#1
By Pass Stack

WHRB#1

Main Stack

Gas / Naptha GAIL (HBJ Pipeline)

DM Water

ST
15.75 KV
L P T H P T

Main Steam Line


Flue Gas
Condenser
115 C

156.07 MW

220 KV

AIR intake 10.5 KV

GEN. TR
137.758 MW UAT 6.6 KV

GT#2
AIR intake

WHRB#2 By Pass Stack

Main Stack
Flue Gas
115 C

432 MW

220 KV

GEN. TR
137.758 MW UAT 6.6 KV

10.5 KV

GT#1
By Pass Stack

WHRB#1

Main Stack

Gas / Naptha GAIL (HBJ Pipeline)

DM Water

ST
15.75 KV
L P T H P T

73.7 KSC 520 Deg C

Main Steam Line


Flue Gas

156.07 MW

Condenser

115 C

220 KV

AIR intake 10.5 KV

83.11 KSC

GEN. TR
137.758 MW UAT 6.6 KV

GT#2
AIR intake

WHRB#2 By Pass Stack

Main Stack

432 MW

Flue Gas
115 C 83.11 KSC

220 KV

GEN. TR
137.758 MW UAT 6.6 KV

10.5 KV

GT#1
By Pass Stack

WHRB#1

Main Stack

Gas / Naptha GAIL (HBJ Pipeline)

DM Water

ST
15.75 KV
L P T LP steam H P T

73.7 KSC 520 Deg C

Main Steam Line


Flue Gas

156.07 MW

Condenser

115 C

220 KV

AIR intake 10.5 KV

83.11 KSC

GEN. TR
137.758 MW UAT 6.6 KV

GT#2
AIR intake

WHRB#2 By Pass Stack

Main Stack

432 MW

Flue Gas
115 C 83.11 KSC

220 KV

GEN. TR
137.758 MW

10.5 KV

GT#1
By Pass Stack
UAT 6.6 KV

WHRB#1

Main Stack

Gas / Naptha GAIL (HBJ Pipeline)

DM Water

Main components of CCGT


Generator Compressor Combustion chamber Gas Turbine Boiler Steam turbine Condenser Vacuum pump Exciter Deaerator Transformer Water cleaning system

Vacuum Deaerator
A vacuum deaerator is used for treatment of circulating water in HRSG. The circulating water should not contain oxygen as this increases the risk of corrosion on the system. The oxygen content can be reduced to under 0.2 mg/l with a vacuum deaerator. The oxygen-containing make-up water is preheated to 40-90 C The vacuum pump creates the necessary vacuum so that the make-up water boils. When the water boils, the oxygen is liberated and removed by means of the vacuum pump.

water management system

Pretreatment of water
At the pretreatment stage Ultra High Rate Clarifiers and Auto Valveless Gravity Filters are used for reducing high turbidity and suspended solids in the water source.

Boiler Feed Water Treatment


Demineralisation Layered Bed Anion Unit with layers of two resins is used.

Latest available treatments and products

Study on compressor inlet temperature

ABSTRACT Performance of a Gas Turbine is largely dependent on inlet air temperature. The power output of a turbine depends on the flow of mass through it. This is precisely the reason why on hot days, when air is less dense, power output falls off. A rise of one degree Centigrade temperature of Inlet air decreases the power output by 1% and at the same time heat rate of the turbine also goes up.
Curve depicting power output v/s air temperature characteristics

Methods currently adopted by Industry


(1) Vapour Compression - It is refrigerant type air-chilling system .
Disadvantage in this system is higher power consumption to cool Inlet Air .

(2) Vapour Absorption Chillers - Steam is used to give the chilling effect.
System consumes steam which reduces output of the steam Turbine .

(3) Evaporative coolers - It works on the principle of reducing the temperature


of an air stream through water evaporation. Performance of the system is restricted by the amount of moisture present in the air .It works well in low humidity area.

(4) High Pressure Fog system - It is similar to evaporative cooling, but instead
of using water as an evaporative medium, the water is atomized into billions of super-small droplets thereby creating a large evaporative surface area. drawback of overcooling in case of water droplets being too large, is the possibility of the compressor section getting eroded

EARTH TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER ( ETHE) A New method of cooling inlet air to Gas Turbine.
ETHE is a device that permits transfer of heat from ambient air to deeper strata of soil and vice versa. ETHE is based on the well-known fact that while ambient temperature varies cyclically (daily), the temperature of soil beyond a depth of around 2 meter remains virtually constant.

Major advantages of this Method are >> It is an Eco- friendly technology. >> Less running cost and is maintenance free. >> Can use in combination with other methods for maximum benefit. >> System can be developed locally without much dependency on others.

QUERIES???

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