SKILL

Meaning
A skill is the learned capacity or talent to carry out pre-determined results often with the minimum outlay of time, energy, or both. Skills can often be divided into domain-general and domain-specific skills. For example, in the domain of work, some general skills would include time management, teamwork and leadership, self motivation and others, whereas domain-specific skills would be useful only for a certain job. Skill often depends on numerous variables.

Skill management
Skills Management is the practice of

understanding, developing and deploying

people and their skills. Well-implemented

skills management should identify the skills

that job roles require, the skills of individual

employees, and any gap between the two.

three groups of employees receive specific benefits from skills management. Individual Employees employees should be aware of the skills their job requires, and any skills gaps that they have. Line Managers Skills management enables managers to know the skill strengths and weaknesses of employees reporting to them. Organization Executives A rolled-up view of skills and skills gaps across an organization can enable its executives to see areas of skill strength and weakness.

Basic Skills
Active Learning Understanding the implications of new

information for both current and future problem-solving and decision-making.

Active Listening Giving full attention to what other

people are saying, taking time to understand the points being made, asking questions as appropriate, and not interrupting at inappropriate times.
Critical Thinking Using logic and reasoning to identify

the strengths and weaknesses of alternative solutions, conclusions or approaches to problems.

Learning Strategies Selecting and using

training/instructional methods and procedures appropriate for the situation when learning or teaching new things.

 Monitoring - Monitoring/Assessing performance of

yourself, other individuals, or organizations to make improvements or take corrective action. Reading Comprehension - Understanding written sentences and paragraphs in work related documents. Science - Using scientific rules and methods to solve problems. Speaking - Talking to others to convey information effectively. Writing - Communicating effectively in writing as appropriate for the needs of the audience

TYPES OF SKILL
SKILL

PERSONAL

INTERPERSONAL

INTRAPERSONAL

PERSONAL SKILL
Skill that includes the individuals own traits

and behavior.
It is the manner in which a person fulfills a

particular activity.
It is the ability to perform.

 Self Management

Self-Management is the ability to manage your personal reactions to responsibilities and challenges in work and life. Independent Learning Independent Learning is the ability to recognize gaps in your knowledge and acquire it independently. Goal Skills Goal Skills is the ability to create, plan for and achieve personal and professional goals.

15 personal skills you need on the job

Carefulness Optimism

Cooperation
Creativity Discipline Drive Good attitude

Order
Safe work behaviors Savvy Sociability Stability

Goodwill
Influence

Vigor

Personal/Career Development Skills: ability to...

analyze

and learn from life experiences. relate the skills developed in one environment (e.g., school) to the requirements of another environment (e.g., work) match knowledge about ones own characteristics and abilities to information about job or career opportunities identify, describe and assess the relative importance of ones needs, values, interest, strengths and weaknesses

The things that you like about yourself and the things you do all the time are the basics of great job skills!

If you...
...get good grades and participate in school activities...

Say this to an employer...

I manage my time well and can concentrate on multiple projects at once. I am self-directed and able to take initiative.

...like to come up with your own ideas and follow-through to the completion of the job without a lot of supervision...

...borrow things, whether your parents' cell I am responsible and considerate. phone or a friend's CD, you always return them on time and in good condition... ...are a good listener and help your friends work through their problems and make important decisions... I can understand many different points of view and have excellent problem-solving skills.

...always hand your assignments in on time and I have good time management never keep people waiting... skills and am punctual.

...have babysitting experience and have been given a I am trustworthy and appreciate the lot of responsibility at home... importance of responsibility.

...like to make a personal statement with your fashion and style...

I am innovative, dynamic and confident.

...are confident speaking with your group of friends and in front of a large crowd...

I am self-assured and have excellent presentation ability. I enjoy speaking in public.

...love books and read everything you can get your hands on...

I love reading and learning new things.

Interpersonal Skill
"Interpersonal skills" refers to mental and

communicative algorithms applied during social communications and interactions in order to reach certain effects or results. The term "interpersonal skills" is used often in business contexts to refer to the measure of a person's ability to operate within business organizations through social communication and interactions. An interpersonal skill is how a person relates to one another.

How to deal with people

Empathy: This means the ability to put yourself in

the other person's shoes, to see things from his or her point of view. Active Listening: Active listening is a particular way of engaging in a conversation in which attention is focused primarily on one person, with the listener fully engaged in absorbing and responding to what the speaker is saying. Journalists, counselors, business people, teachers, and parents all find this skill useful.

 Communication Styles: The model includes

four basic types: the driver, the analytic, the amiable, and the expressive.
Dealing with difficult people: So far we

have talked about how to identify types of people from a positive perspective in order to enhance communication. What about dealing with people whose personal styles create problems?

Intrapersonal Skill
To be an effective and successful manager you

have to have good intra-personal skills (selfmanagement abilities). to understand how personality and perception affects your own and other peoples behaviour. to understand how intelligence and learning styles affect human relations, behaviour and performance. to understand the positive & negative effects of stress and to handle stress effectively

Contd..
to understand how people acquire

attitudes & how attitudes affect human relations, behaviour and performance to understand how a persons self concept affects the way he/she behaves, performs and relates to others to understand how values and ethics affect the way a person behaves and deals with others.

Personality
The Big Five model of personality categorizes

most of the traits normally used to describe people into one of five types or dimensions: surgency agreeableness adjustment conscientiousness openness to experience (people who are open to experience usually have an internal locus of control and believe they are in control of their own destiny.)

Stress
Stress is an emotional and/or physical reaction to

environmental activities and events. Stress can be positive. It can help improve performance by putting people under pressure. Most common stressors are: the personality of the individual him/herself the organisational climate management behaviour the degree of job satisfaction Stress can be controlled to a certain extent by: exercise nutrition relaxation positive thinking an effective support system

Intelligence
Intelligence (IQ) is a persons capacity for

learning, problem-solving & decision-making. Intelligence is a strong predictor of educational & occupational attainment/success. Emotional Intelligence (EQ/EI) consists of five components: a high degree of self awareness the ability to manage ones emotions a high level of self motivation the ability to empathise with others good social skills

Learning styles
People learn based on 2 personality types: feeling vs. thinking doing vs. observing Learners can generally be divided into four basic

types:

Accomodators learn by doing & feeling Divergers learn by observing & feeling Convergers learn by doing & thinking Assimilators learn by observing & thinking

Perception
Perception = an individuals interpretation of reality. In a human relations context, perception is just as

important as reality. Perceptions are affected by certain biases such as: stereotyping an individuals frame of reference (tendency to see things from a narrow focus) an individuals expectations selective exposure (only hearing & seeing what you want to) personal interests projection (projecting the blame for your attitudes & shortcomings onto others)

Contd..
It is extremely important for managers to realise

that their co-workers, subordinates and superiors will perceive a situation in very different ways and that their perceptions will affect the way they behave, perform and relate to others. Perceptual congruence is the degree to which people see (perceive) things in the same way. Clearly it is important for a manager to encourage perceptual congruence in matters relating to the performance and goals of the organisation.

First impressions
First impressions are perceptions which affect human

relations, behaviour and performance both in the short term and often in the long term. Primacy effect the way a person perceives another during the first few minutes of a first time meeting The four-minute barrier/the four-minute sell the time (4 minutes) a person has to make a good impression on someone he/she is meeting for the first time. Projecting a positive image in 4 minutes is possible by paying attention to: appearance non-verbal communciation general behaviour