By: Brandon Clark, Tory Johansen, Alex Vondrak

Archaic Period 5500-500 B.C

Originally called Anasazi people Very nomadic Hunted deer, bighorn sheep, elk, and rabbit Houses were teepee like, made of brush, mud, and furs

Basketmaker Period 500 B.C-750 A.D

True Pueblo culture began Became skilled in making containers and baskets of plant material Built more permanent homes, called pithouses

Pueblo Period 750 A.D-1950

Adopted the name Pueblo Around 900 A.D pithouses were removed and replaced with Kivas Important centers used for trade and to socialize Drought in 1276 through 1299 caused migration

Hopi Tribe
Decended from Ancient Pueblo Peoples Hopi call ancestors Hisatsinom also known as Anasazi (Navajo for anceint enemy) Correlation between settlements and constellation Orion.

http://www.thevillager.com/wpcontent/uploads/2012/01/thunderbird4053-2.jpg

Kivas

http://www.stephenoachs.com/photos/kiva-fisheye.jpg

Kachina
Belief in Spiritual Body Kachina Dance Celebration of fertility and rain

http://blogs.dickinson.edu/humanplaceinnature/files/2012/09/Ray-NahaKiva-Kachina-Dance.jpeg

Artifact
Kachina Dolls
Kachina Dolls Made of Cottonwood root Spiritual Object of study given to women and children

Pueblo Today
60,000 Pueblo people living throughout the southwest 19 pueblos in New Mexico 12 pueblos in Arizona Reservations typically encompass historical Pueblo tribal lands

Social Structure
Live a modern lifestyle Maintain tribal language Matrilineal and matrilocal culture
Clustered family living Clans Taos Pueblo build traditionally

Community centered

Religion
No word for religion in the Pueblo language
Beliefs interwoven into life

Continue traditional ceremonies

Pottery, masks, textiles, paint

Rituals tied to rain and harvest

Importance of agriculture

Modified Catholicism
Tolerated by the church

Government
Maintain individual tribal governments
Clan based leadership Winter and summer leaders Separate religious leaders Comparable to corporate structures and US model

All Indian Pueblo Council

Regional government

Economics
Income from:
Traditional agriculture Tourism, hotels, restaurants Casinos and resorts Craftwork Uranium mining Government

12-43% live below poverty line

Problems
Some Pueblos have alcohol and drug abuse Preservation of historical sites Casinos Radiation poisoning Water and land rights
Taos Pueblo succeeded in regaining sacred Blue Lake

Rare domestic abuse Relatively low poverty rate on average

New Mexico average: 19% below poverty line