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Tausif Mumtaz Hafiz Usman Zahid Rasool

09-NTU-2035 09-NTU-2036 09-NTU-2038

* What is GIS-T *Differences between GIS and other Systems *Unique Properties of Geographic
Information

*GIS Models Used in Transportation *Conclusions

Geographic information systems for transportation (GIS-T) are interconnected hardware, software, data, people, organizations, and storing, analyzing, and communicating particular types of information about the Earth. These particular types of information are transportation systems and geographic regions.

* GIS-T as the merger of an enhanced GIS and enhanced

transportation information system (TIS)

GIS

TIS

*
GIS-T

Some applications:

*infrastructure planning, design and

management

*traffic safety analysis *transportation impact analysis *public transit planning and operations *intelligent transportation systems (ITS)

One of the newer application areas is autonomous vehicles. Autonomous vehicles, or vehicles that run without human control. As an autonomous vehicle, it is capable of sensing its environment and navigating on its own.

Differences between GIS and other Systems

Database management features

enables GIS to capture spatial and topological relationship

between geo-referenced entities if these relationships were not pre-defined.

*The

major difference between GIS and other database management systems (DBMS) is mainly in the way information is referenced rather than the nature of information handled

*both systems may contain exactly the same information!

*GIS can produce a spatial representation, or

model, of the data used to describe a portion of the earth

*Spatial dependency

*The tendency for things closer in geographic

space to be more related *i.e., it is meaningful to record, organize and analyze data by geographic location.

*Spatial heterogeneity *

*The tendency of each location in geographic

space to show some degree of uniqueness *i.e., it is valuable to consider local geographic context rather than just global generalities

 Field models of the continuous variation of a

phenomenon over space (e.g., land elevation)

Discrete models, depending on which discrete

entities (points, lines or polygons)

Network models to represent topologically-

connected linear entities (e.g., roads, rail lines) that are fixed in the continuous reference surface

* All of these three models are useful in transportation * The network model built around the concept of arc
and node plays the key role in this application domain because singleand multi-modal infrastructure networks are vital in enabling and supporting passenger and freight movement. fact, many transportation applications only require a network model to represent data.

* In

*However,

it is worth noting that advanced transportation applications, particularly disaggregate travel demand modelling approaches and intelligent transportation systems (ITS), require representation of complex transportation features that are not wellsupported by the node-arc data model.

 The need for these and other

extensions to the base network model is not universal and is dependent to the type of the project.

* GIS-T provides the core technology for planning, deploying,

operating, and optimizing transportation systems. * It has opened up new horizons in transportation planning and engineering. * It has developed an essential tool for the most effective use of spatial data. * It provides a means of communication for an interactive understanding between the public and transportation professionals. * Still, this technology is facing a lot of challenges to adjust itself with the complexity of transportation data analyses.

Thank You!
*