TEXTILES

RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN TEXTILE INDUSTRY

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TEXTILE
TEXTILE is defined as panorama of products right from FIBRE to GARMENT It is the oldest industry in the world which has influenced human mankind from ages. It is also one of the main contributors to Economy of country . It has also influenced research and development of Technology

DEVELOPMENT

INVENTION : conversion of Basic elements in to New product, INNOVATION : Addition of new characteristics in existing product, Format may change
RENONATION : Without changing basic structure some additional properties are added.

CONSTITUENTS OF TEXTILE INDUSTRY

FIBRE YARN FABRIC

woven

: Natural and Man made : Normal and Fancy : Woven , Knit and Non-

GARMENT
Decorative

: Functional and : Special purpose in

field

TECHINICAL
respective

TEXTILE

CONSTITUENTS OF TEXTILE INDUSTRY

MACHINES : Up gradation in machine Technology (performance) , designs.

Man Power: Qualified technicians and Admin. staff , Training ,carrier development
Money : (TUF) Easy and adequate finance

DEVELOPMENT
FIBRES

:- Structural Modification rearrangement, additional functional group ,Surface modification) YARN : Blending for additional properties , Fancy effects FABRIC : Derivatives of Weaves , Surface Ornamentation, Sp. Chemicals

DEVELOPMENT
GARMENT

: Functional Improvement Quality parameters enhancement Special applications

CONSUMER : High quality at low price. VALUE to customer and not Price

RECENT DEVELOPMENT /ADDITIONS

NATURAL FIBRE
Corn

Fiber : A New Fiber on Horizon Modal: Fibre to Fabric Alginate fibre harnessing natures absorbency Sea-grass naturally stain resistant, anti-static and hardwearing so it can be used in most areas of the home except stairs.

RECENT DEVELOPMENT /ADDITIONS NATURAL FIBRE

Biopolymer frontiers - Mimicking the functions of enzymes & co-enzymes - Polysaccharides in semi-conductors and medicine - Biomass of crab and shrimp shells - New applications of silk - Fibers produced by bacteria - New functions for cellulose - Utilisation of protein functionality

NATURAL FIBRE

Dev.of Natural Fibre composites

The natural fibre composites are very cost-effective material .
Modification of jute and other natural cellulosic fibres by following means :

Chemical means Coating with polymeric solutions and Graft co-polymerization.

MODIFICATION OF NATURAL FIBRE

In

order to develop composites with better mechanical properties and environmental performance, it is necessary to impart hydrophobicity to the natural fibres by chemical reaction with suitable coupling agents or by coating with appropriate resins.

MODIFICATION OF NATURAL FIBRE

The characteristics of natural fibre composite are

Attractive natural look Can be painted, polished or laminated Water proof with minimum surface absorption Economical Strong and rigid Environment-friendly

CARBON FIBER
Carbon fiber is a high-tensile fiber made by heating rayon or poly-acrylonitrile fibers or petroleum residues to appropriate temperatures. Fibers may be 7 to 8 microns in diameter and are more that 90% carbonized.

These fibers are the stiffest and strongest reinforcing fibers for polymer composites, the most used after glass fibers. Made of pure carbon in form of graphite, they have low density and a negative coefficient of longitudinal thermal expansion.

Carbon fibers are very expensive and can give galvanic corrosion in contact with metals. They are generally used together with epoxy, where high strength and stiffness are required, i.e. race cars, automotive and space applications, sport equipment.

MODIFICATION OF MAN MADE FIBRES

The super fiber with new performance

High touch fibers Progression of high-tech fibers

New high-tech fibers and shin-gosen

Cellulosic man-made fibers

Fibers for the next millennium

MODIFICATION OF MAN MADE FIBRES

PTT fibres (poly tri-methylene tere-phthalate) The modification of polyester have new characteristics and new performances. The fiber is got through poly-condensation of PTA (purified terephthalic acid) and PDO (1,3 propanediol), PTT is an advanced polymer that can be spun into fibers. The fibers and yarns have a unique combination of properties including stretch and recovery, softness, bulk, and easy dye. Fabrics produced from PTT fibers and yarns clean easily and have superior durability

PET Structure

PTT Structure

TRIACTOR

Triactor is a newly-developed Yshaped modified cross-sectional polyester filament material (yarn and cloth).
It absorbs sweat and dries much faster than conventional polyesters, thus keeping the inside of garment dry. Its construction reduces the amount of material touching the skin, so it feels cool and refreshing.

Enlarged photograph of the Y-shaped modified cross-sectional construction of Triactor

CALAFINE QD
Calafine

polyester can be boil-dyed with cationic dyes as well as with dispersed dyes.

Calafine was designed to give the varying color tone expressions demand that the fashion industry demands Piece-dyeing gives users the same feel as yarn-dyeing.

CALAFINE QD
Calafine can be made into compounds with various cellulose fiber textiles, as well as silk, wool, and spandex, and then can be piece-dyed by boiling. Both cationic and disperse dyes can be used.

Staple

fibers give superb pill resistance.

Calafine has superior wash-and-wear, anti-wrinkling, and pleat.

SPANDEX

Spandex or elastane is a synthetic fiber known for its exceptional elasticity. It is strong, but less durable than non-synthetic competitor, natural Latex.

It is a polyurethane-polyurea copolymer
Spandex fibers are produced in four different ways:

1) Melt extrusion,2) reaction spinning,3) solution dry

spinning, and 4)solution wet spinning.

Apparels spandex fibers.

Compression Garments

such as:

KEVLAR

Kevlar is a manmade organic fiber,

( para-aramid synthetic fiber ).
A combination of properties for high strength with low weight, high chemical resistance, and high cut resistance. Kevlar is also flame resistant; does not melt, soften, or flow; and the fiber is unaffected by immersion in water.

KEVLAR

Kevlar 29Kevalr 129 Spectra TWARON DYNEEMA development in Kevlar Under water, Kevlar is 20 times stronger than steel. Windsurfing sails that can withstand the force of 60 mph winds and don't rip easily are made of Kevlar. Police wear bulletproof vests made of Kevlar.

MODIFICATION IN YARNS

Bamboo fiber yarns have particular and natural functions of

anti-bacterial, bacteriostasis and deodorization, extremely soft , high water absorption, bright. Because the bamboo fibres functions as anti-bacterial, extremely soft...bamboo yarns are suitable for Inner wear, T-shirts, Bed linen, Towels, Bath robes, Bedding, Summer clothing, Sweater and Home textiles... Milk Protein Fiber Yarns , soybean protein fiber yarn To make protein fiber, new bio-engineering technique is used . It combines the advantages of natural fiber and synthetic fiber. The protein fiber is a kind of fresh fiber with healthy function Easier to care ,More comfortable , More colorful , More diversified , Easier to care

3GT:
The name of a family of polymers, fibres and textiles with stretch properties developed by Toray Industries, based on the polyester poly tri-methylene terephthalate (PTT). 3GT fibres are marketed by Invista under the brand name T400 and 3GT fabrics are marketed by Toray under the brand

MODIFICATION IN YARNS
Bi-component

yarns: an innovation and emerging textile technology In Properties and Performance of Textiles, knowledge and understanding of innovations and emerging textile technologies and their applications is needed for

BICOMPONENT YARNS
Side-by-Side Bicomponent:

The process requires that the similar polymers be fed to the spinneret orifice together so that they exit from the spinneret opening side-by-side.

Core and Sheath bi-component:

The process requires that one component be completely surrounded by the other. The percentages of core and sheath can be modified, for example, 90% core and 10% sheath according to the end use. Variation in the shape of the orifice that contains the inner core can produce filaments with different behavioural characteristics.

BICOMPONENT YARNS

side-by-side bi-component

core and sheath bi-component

BICOMPONENT YARNS
Most bi-component yarns are made to provide stretch or crimp to the fabric. To create crimp, one polymer is made to shrink in heat or chemical treatment more than the other polymer, which pulls the filament into a permanent crimp. If sufficient crimp is provided, the bi component yarn will have increased stretch which is desirable for example in the end use of hosiery.

Bi-component filament cross section for melt bonding filaments

Thermobonding of filament yarns

SMART FABRICS
SMART

FABRICS DRIVERS Sensors Sensor-based devices Conductive fibres

Conductive pressuresensing fabric

FASHION AND ENTERTAINMENT

Basic embedded apparel Solar technology Heating fabrics Light-embedded garments Energy storing fabrics

NANOFIBERS
The

name derives from the nanometer, a scientific measurement unit representing a billionth of a meter, or three to four atoms wide.
Nano-fibers are an exciting new class of material used for several value added applications such as medical, filtration, barrier, wipes, personal care, composite, garments, insulation, and energy storage.

NANOFIBERS

Special properties of nano-fibers make them suitable for a wide range of applications from medical to consumer products and industrial to high-tech applications. { aerospace, capacitors, transistors, drug delivery systems, battery separators, energy storage, fuel cells, and information technology} Generally, polymeric nanofibers are produced by an electro spinning process

PROPERTIES OF NANOFIBERS
Nanofibers

exhibit special properties mainly due to extremely high surface to weight ratio compared to conventional nonwovens . It has Low density, large surface area to mass, high pore volume, and tight pore size which makes the nanofiber nonwoven appropriate for a wide range of filtration applications

NANOFIBERS

Nanofibers are also used in medical applications, which include, drug and gene delivery, artificial blood vessels, artificial organs, and medical facemasks. For example, carbon fiber hollow nano tubes, smaller than blood cells, have potential to carry drugs in to blood cells

FABRIC PROCESSING

Application of Plasma Technology in Textile

Plasma is an ionized form of gas and can be created using a controlled level of AC or DC power and an ionizing gas medium. It is an ensemble of randomly moving, charged atomic particles with a sufficient particle density to remain, on average, electrically neutral. Plasmas are used in very diverse applications, Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

FABRIC PROCESSING

Application of Plasma Technology in Textile

Desizing of cotton fabrics.

Hydrophobic enhancement of water and oilrepellent textiles Anti-felting/shrink-resistance of woollen fabrics.

Hydrophilic enhancement for improving wetting and dyeing.

 Why

Plasma Treatment of Textiles ? It is a surface treatment

Does not affect the bulk properties Versatile and uniform treatment Environmental friendly process

Hydrophilic enhancement for improving adhesive bonding

Removing the surface hairiness in yarn. Scouring of cotton, viscose, polyester and nylon fabrics.

Anti-bacterial fabrics by deposition of silver particles in the presence of plasma.

Room-temperature sterilization of medical textiles.

FOAM

DYEING SOLVENT DYEING BLEND DYEING INK-JET PRINTING DIGITAL PRINTING PROCESS

DEVELOPMENT IN TEXTILE MACHINERY

SPINNING :

Open end spinning - ( rotor spinnig)

(Twin spinner & Vortex spinner)

Air jet spinning -

Flash spinning (synthetic fibres)

3D-WEAVING

3D-Weaving is a complete new concept in case of weaving. The first method of 3D woven fabric denotes 3 Dimensional fabrics, that is length, width and breadth. In 3 Dimensional fabrics, the thickness is an important criterion. Ordinary fabrics also have length, width and breadth, but in the 3 Dimensional fabrics, the thickness is much more than ordinary fabric.

APPLICATION OF 3D WEAVING FABRIC

o

A new method has been developed for the manufacture of bifurcated prosthesis used in medical applications and they are used to replace the defective blood vessels in patients so as to improve blood circulation. Materials such as nylon, Teflon, orlon, stainless steel, glass, and Dacron polyester fibre have been found to be highly suitable for the manufacture of prosthesis.

SOFT WARES

HRM : Human Resource

Management
CRM : Customer Relationship Management ERP :Enterprise resource planning. SRP :The Single Responsibility

Principle

SAP :"Systems Applications and Products.

S.P.GADGE:

9822571290

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