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SOUTHEAST ASIAN LITERATURE

CREDO, AMY JEAN T. DIMASANGAL, ETHELYN T. HUSSIEN, SARAH JANE IRIBANI, MARK-RICHTER B.

SOUTHEAST ASIA

SOUTHEAST ASIAN COUNTRIES Singapore Indonesia Malaysia Thailand Myanmar (Burma) Cambodia Philippines Brunei Laos Vietnam East Timor

SINGAPORE
Geography
Singapore consists of 63 islands

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HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
European Arrivals:
Portuguese explorers captured the port of Melaka (Malacca) in 1511, forcing the reigning sultan to flee south, where he established a new regime, the Johore Sultanate, that incorporated Singapura.

The Portuguese burned down a trading post at the mouth of the Temasek (Singapore) River in 1613 The island was largely abandoned after that, and trading and planting activities moved to the south, in the Riau Islands and Sumatra.

CULTURE AND RELIGION


Buddhism is the most widely practiced religion in Singapore, with 33% of the resident population declaring themselves adherents at the most recent census. The next-most practiced religion is Christianity, followed by Islam, Taoism, and Hinduism. 17% of the population did not have a religious affiliation. The proportion of Christians, Taoists, and nonreligious people increased between 2000 and 2010 by about 3% each, whilst the proportion of Buddhists decreased. Other faiths remained largely stable in their share of the population.

TABOOS
Wearing black to a wedding. (its considered bad luck and for Indian weddings no white saris for women either as thats for widows) Pointing at someone with your finger. Touching an adult on the head.

LANGUAGE
Singapore has four official languages: English, Malay, Mandarin Chinese(or Standard Chinese to be more precise), and Tamil.
English The tea is here. The book is there. The notebook is over here. The cup is over there. This is my right hand. This is my left hand. The bag is on the right side. The book is on the left side. The bank is beside the post office. My house is opposite the school. Tamil Ch zi zhl. Sh zi nl. Bjbn zi zhbin. Bizi zi nbian. Zh sh w de yu shu. Zh sh wde zu shu. Dizi zi yubin. Sh zi zubin. Ynhng zi yuj pngbin. W ji zi xuxio dumin. Characters

NATIONAL ANTHEM

LOCAL SONGS AND ETHNIC DANCE

LOCAL SONG

ETHNIC DANCE

NATIONAL COSTUMES

COUNTRYS COMMON FOOD

SOUTHEAST ASIAN COUNTRIES Singapore Indonesia Malaysia Thailand Myanmar (Burma) Cambodia Philippines Brunei Laos Vietnam East Timor

VIDEO is an archipelagic island country in Southeast Asia, lying between the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean.

INDONESIA

HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
The country's strategic sea-lane position fostered inter-island and international trade Trade has since fundamentally shaped Indonesian history. The area of Indonesia is populated by peoples of various migrations, creating a diversity of cultures,ethnicities, and languages. The archipelago's landforms and climate significantly influenced agriculture and trade, and the formation of states. The boundaries of the state of Indonesia represent the twentieth century borders of the Dutch East Indies.

Fossilized remains of Homo erectus and his tools, popularly known as the "Java Man", suggest the Indonesian archipelago was inhabited by at least 1.5 million years ago. Austronesian people, who form the majority of the modern population, are thought to have originally been from Taiwan and arrived in Indonesia around 2000 BCE.

CULTURE
The culture of Indonesia has been shaped by long interaction between original indigenous customs and multiple foreign influences. Indonesia is centrally-located along ancient trading routes between the Far East and the Middle East Resulting in many cultural practices being strongly influenced by a multitude of religions, including Hinduism,Buddhism, Confucianism, Isla m and Christianity All strong in the major trading cities. The result is a complex cultural mixture very different from the original indigenous cultures.

LANGUAGE
(Bahasa Indonesia) is the official language of Indonesia. It is a standardized register of Malay, an Austronesian language which has been used as a lingua franca in the Indonesian archipelago for centuries.
Hello. Halo. (HAH-lo)Hello. (informal) He. (Hey) Apa kabar? (AH-pah KAH-bar?) Baik, terima kasih. (bah-EEK, TREEmah KAH-see) Namamu siapa? (NAH-mah-moo seeAH-pah?) Nama saya ______ . (NAH-mah sahy-yah _____ .) Senang bertemu anda. (Se-NAHNG berr-teh-moo AHN-dah) Silakan. (suh-LAH-kann)

How are you? Fine, thank you.


What is your name?

My name is ______ .
Nice to meet you. Please.

RELIGION
The first principle of Indonesia's philosophical foundation, Pancasila, is "belief in the one and only God". A number of different religions are practiced in the country, and their collective influence on the country's political, economic and cultural life is significant. The Indonesian Constitution guarantees freedom of religion.

NATIONAL ANTHEM

LOCAL SONGS AND ETHNIC DANCE

LOCAL SONGS

ETHNIC DANCE

NATIONAL COSTUMES

COUNTRYS COMMON FOOD

SOUTHEAST ASIAN COUNTRIES Singapore Indonesia Malaysia Thailand Myanmar (Burma) Cambodia Philippines Brunei Laos Vietnam East Timor

MALAYSIA

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There are two distinct parts to this country being Peninsular Malaysia to the west and East Malaysia to the east.

HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
Malaysia is a country in South East Asia whose strategic sea-lane position brought trade and foreign influences that fundamentally influenced its history. Hindu and Buddhist cultures imported from India dominated early Malaysian history. They reached their peak in the Sumatran-based Srivijaya civilization, whose influence extended through Sumatra, Java, the Malay Peninsula and much of Borneo from the 7th to the 14th centuries.

CULTURE
Malaysia is multicultural and multiconfessional. The dominant religion in Malaysia is Islam, whose followers make up 61 per cent of the population. Islam is recognized as the state religion of Malaysia, although the country has a secular constitution.

LANGUAGE
Malay- (Bahasa Melayu) is a major language of the Austronesian family. It is the national language of Indonesia, Malaysia, and Brunei, and it is one of four official languages of Singapore. Good Morning Selamat Pagi Good afternoon Selamat tengah hari Good evening Selamat petang Good night Selamat malam Good bye Selamat tinggal see you again Jumpa lagi

RELIGION
The culture of Malaysia draws on the varied cultures of the different people of Malaysia. The first people to live in the area were indigenous tribes that still remain; they were followed by the Malays, who moved there from mainland Asia in ancient times. Chinese and Indian cultural influences made their mark when trade began with those countries, and increased with immigration to Malaysia.

NATIONAL ANTHEM

LOCAL SONGS AND ETHNIC DANCE

LOCAL SONGS

ETHNIC DANCE

NATIONAL COSTUMES

COUNTRYS COMMON FOOD

SOUTHEAST ASIAN COUNTRIES Singapore Indonesia Malaysia Thailand Myanmar (Burma) Cambodia Philippines Brunei Laos Vietnam East Timor

THAILAND

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Thailand's 514,000 square kilometers lie in the middle of mainland Southe ast Asia.

HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
Thai peoples who originally lived in southwestern China migrated into mainland Southeast Asia over a period of many centuries. The oldest known mention of their existence in the region by the exonym Siamese is in a 12thcentury A.D. inscription at the Khmer temple complex of Angkor Wat in Cambodia, which refers to syam, or "dark brown" people. It was believed that Siam derived from the Sanskrit word syam, or brown race, with a contemptuous signification.

CULTURE
The culture of Thailand incorporates cultural beliefs and characteristics indigenous to the area known as modern day Thailand coupled with much influence from ancient India, China, Cambodia, along with the neighboringprehistoric cultures of Southeast Asia. It is influenced primarily byAnimism, Hinduism, Buddhism, as well as by later migrations from China, and southern India.

LANGUAGE
Thai or more precisely Siamese or Central Thai is the national and official language of Thailand and the native language of the Thai people, Thailand's dominant ethnic group. Hello Sawa dee

Thank you (man says)


Thank you(woman says) How are you? I am fine thanks(man says) I am fine thanks(woman says)

Kob Khun Krap


Kob Khun Ka Khun sabai di mai? Pom sabai di krap. Chan sabai di ka.

RELIGION
There is no official state religion in the Thai constitution, which guarantees religious freedom for all Thai citizens, though the king is required by law to be Buddhist. According to the last census (2000) 94.6% of Thais are Buddhists of the Theravada tradition.

NATIONAL ANTHEM

LOCAL SONGS AND ETHNIC DANCE

LOCAL SONG

ETHNIC DANCE

NATIONAL COSTUMES

COUNTRYS COMMON FOOD

SOUTHEAST ASIAN COUNTRIES Singapore Indonesia Malaysia Thailand Myanmar (Burma) Cambodia Philippines Brunei Laos Vietnam East Timor

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The remaining countries of Southeast Asia

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SPG

G O D B L E S S

MASYADONG MAGANDA

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