WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT & UTILIZATION IN WESTERN INDIA

ARAVAZHI.T BTE-06-002

Indias Water Budget

Annual precipitation - 4000 km3 Annual flow per year for the Indian rivers -1953 km3. Annual replenishable groundwater resources -432 km3 Annual utilizable surface water 690 km3 per year Annual groundwater resources 396 km3 per year Cherrapunji -Highest Rainfall in the world

Western India

Major Rivers Of Western India

Name of the River Sabarmati Mahi Narmada Tapti Mahanadi Godavari

Length(km) 371 583 1312 724 851 1465

Catchment Area(sq km) 21674 34842 98796 65145 141589 312812

Basin Wise Average Flow And Utilizable Water

Name of the River Average annual flow (km/yr) 3.81 11.02 45.64 14.88 28.48 110.54 Utilizable flow (km/yr) 3.81 3.1 34.5 14.5 18.3 76.3

Sabarmati Mahi Narmada Tapti Mahanadi Godavari

Rainfall Conditions

Annual rainfall of less than 500 mm is experienced in western Rajasthan and adjoining parts of Gujarat. Some parts of Western Rajastan receives annual rainfall of less than 100 mm. Nearly 80 per cent of the land in the Konkan, which receives the highest rainfall on the West Coast.

Average Annual Rainfall Of The Western States

State
Gujarat

Meteorological Divisions Gujarat region Saurashtra and Kachchh

Konkan and Goa
Konkan

Average annual rainfall (mm) 1,107 578

3,005 3,005 901 882 1,034 313 675

Goa Maharashtra

and Goa Madhya Maharashtra Marathwada Vidarbha

West

Rajasthan

Rajasthan East Rajasthan

Irrigation Sources
Name of the state Canals No Goa Gujarat Maharastra Rajastan D&N haveli (UT) 12 720 521 2200 1 % 33 20 33 3 wells No 2871 4266 34 % 79 63 Tanks No 24 35 321 218 % 67 1 3 Other Sources (%) Total gross irrigated Area (1000 ha)

1 25

36 3643 3002 6743 4

Irrigation Projects
Name of the state Major irrigation projects Medium Irrigation projects

Goa
Gujarat Maharastra

1
22 66

2
132 273

Rajastan

10

101

Recharge Of Aquifers

In western indias unconfined alluvial aquifers, it is being increasingly realized that groundwater depletion can be countered only by importing surface water.

Sardar Sarovar Project (SSP) The purpose of the project is to identify reliable sources of water of sufficient quantity and quality to supply.

Gross Irrigated Area

State Geographical area (m ha) Gross Area under cultivation (m ha) Gross area irrigated (m ha) Gross area irrigated to gross area cultivated (%) Net area irrigated (m ha)

Goa
Gujarat Maharastra Rajastan D&N haveli Daman & Diu

0.37
19.602 30.771 34.24 0.049 0.011

0.165
10.082 21.327 19.672 0.027 0.005

0.036
3.655 3.149 6.361 0.005 0.001

21.1
36.253 14.765 2.335 18.519 20

0.023
3.002 2.567 5.232 0.005 0.001

State wise Ultimate Irrigation Potential & Potential Created

state MMI Ultimate potetial MI-Surface MIGroundwater 2756 MMI % of PC to UIP MISurface 134.87 MIGroundwater 87.59

Gujarat

3000

347

47.67

Maharashtra

4100

1200

3652

79.00

141.17

97.37

Rajastan

2750

600

1778

90.25

34.83

260.46

State Wise Growth Rate In Groundwater Irrigated Area(1960-1 to 2002-3)

State 1960-1 to 1980-1 1980-1 to 2002-03 1960-1 to 2002-3

Gujarat

6.50

2.35

4.05

Maharashtra

3.35

3.18

2.79

Rajasthan

3.24

4.22

3.55

Reference

http://www.ias.ac.in/currsci/sep102005/794.pdf

http://www.iwrs.in/iwr.htm
A.M.Michael Irrigation theory & practice A. Narayanamoorthy Trends in Irrigated Area in India: 1950-51 to 2002-03