Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Class Locations
Class I - Gases & Vapors Class II - Dusts Class III - Fibers & Flyings
Natural or liquefied gas storage facilities Chemical plants Petroleum refineries Bulk handling or storage facilities for gasoline Dip tanks Storage tanks for flammable liquids or gas Spraying areas for paints or plastics Aircraft fuel servicing areas or hangers Well drilling (oil and gas), offshore or on Pipeline pumping areas Printing machine areas
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Conditions
Division 1 Division 2
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Division 1 Location
NEC Articles 500.5(B)(1), 500.5(C)(1) and 500.5(D)(1)
An area where the hazard exists under normal operation conditions This also includes locations where the hazard is caused by frequent maintenance or repair work or frequent equipment failure
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Division 2 Location
NEC Articles 500.5(B)(2), 500.5(C)(2), and 500.5(D)(2)
An area where ignitible gases, vapors, dust, or fibers are handled, processed, or used, but which exist only under abnormal conditions, such as containers or closed systems from which they can only escape through accidental rupture or breakdown
Note: No electrically conductive dust are included in Class II, Division 2 atmospheres
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Class I, Division 1
Class I, Division 2
Class I, Groups
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Standards Organizations
AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS INSTITUTE (ANSI) Does not develop standards per se, but acts as a clearing house for information on national and international standards writing groups to prevent duplication of effort AMERICAN PETROLEUM INSTITUTE (API) Publishes Recommended Practice for Classification of Locations for Electrical Installations in Petroleum Facilities (API RP 500) CANADIAN STANDARDS ASSOCIATION (CSA) Established standards similar to UL for the testing of electrical products ELECTRICAL TESTING LABORATORIES (ETL) Provides a listing, labeling and follow-up service for safety and sanitation certification of electrical and gas/oil fueled products to nationally recognized safety standards or specifically designated requirements of jurisdictional authorities FACTORY MUTUAL (FM) Non-profit third party testing and certification organization, providing many of the same services as UL INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION (IEC) Comprised of approximately forty member countries, including the United States. The purpose of the IEC is to establish standards for a wide variety of electrical products to encourage international trade. IEC publication 79, entitled Electrical Apparatus for Explosive Gas Atmospheres, consists of several parts covering area classification, test apparatus and several techniques used for protection of apparatus, intended for use in hazardous locations INSTITUTE OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS (IEEE) Publishes publications which provide thorough analysis of system considerations and guidance on the design and maintenance of electrical systems and equipment INSTRUMENTATION SYSTEMS AND AUTOMATION SOCIETY (ISA) Develops standards; certifies industry professionals; provides education and training; and publishes books and technical articles LOCAL BUILDING CODES These codes influence and determine ultimate decisions on product suitability MANUFACTURERS DATA Manufacturers working with recognized organizations, develop and improve products for third party certification and thus set additional product suitability standards Standards set by such organizations identify the criteria used by manufactures in the design and company testing of its products NATIONAL FIRE PROTECTION ASSOCIATION (NFPA) Set standards for the wiring and control of electricity. NFPA is composed of national and regional groups, plus individuals, firms and institutions interested in protecting life and property. This organization sets minimum standards to form a National Electrical Code (NEC), which is used as a criteria for insurance, state and civic inspectors when making inspections or recommendations for electrical installations NORTH AMERICAN CERTIFICATION The United States and Canada are both members of the IECEx Conformity Assessment Scheme. As a result for Hazardous Location Certification UL and CSA accepts each others data for purpose of providing their National Certification Marks NATIONAL ELECTRICAL MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION (NEMA) Issues standards on electrical equipment on all major categories of electrical equipment. Generally where construction and performance relate to safety, reference is made to standards of others, such as Underwriters Laboratories Incorporated OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION (OSHA) Mandates the use of electrical equipment that has been verified by third parties as being suitable for the application. Some units of a system installation are not necessarily third party certified if such certification is judged not applicable OTHER ASSOCIATIONS Professional and technical organizations develop and/or sponsor standards as product guidelines, application recommendations, safety rules or test methods UNDERWRITERS LABORATORIES, INC. (UL) There are over a dozen UL Published Standards that govern the design and company testing of electrical products. In addition to specific UL Standards, UL publishes three books containing the names of companies who have qualified to use the Listing or Classification Marking of Underwriters Laboratories on products which have been found to be in compliance with applicable UL requirements. These three publications can be used to obtain the names of companies who have a Listing in a specific product category, and to obtain information regarding the scope, limitations, or special conditions of a particular product category
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Group IIB. Atmospheres containing acetaldehyde, ethylene, or gases or vapors of equivalent hazard
This grouping is equivalent to NEC Class I, Group C, as described in Section 500.6(A)(3)
Group IIA. Atmospheres containing acetone, ammonia, ethyl alcohol, gasoline, methane, propane, or gases or vapors of equivalent hazard
This grouping is equivalent to NEC Class I, Group D, as described in Section 500.6(A)(4)
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Zone 20
Zone 21 Zone 22 Non-Hazardous Zone
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Encapsulation m
m Zone 1 ma Zone 0 mb Zone 1
Epoxy or other resin to totally seal arcing and sparking devices Typical use in luminaires controls and sealed switches
Non-Sparking n
Zone 2
Enclosure restricts ingress of hazardous gases nA=non sparking construction nR=restricted breathing nC=hermetically sealed, non incentive Typical use in luminaires
Increased Safety e
Zone 1
High impact resistant enclosuresFRP, GRP, sheet steel/aluminum, stainless steel Enclosure will not hold static charge Maintain minimum of IP 54 ingress protection Apparatus non arcing/sparking Typical use in terminal enclosures
Oil Immersion o
Zone 1
Oil totally seals arcing and sparking devices Typical use in hazardous rated transformers and switches
Pressurization p
px Zone 1 py Zone 1 pz Zone 2
Expels ignitible vapor/gas Maintains positive enclosure pressure
Powder Filled q
Zone 1
Finely ground powder to totally seal arcing and sparking devices Typical use in luminaires, controls and sealed switches
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Pressurization pD
Zone 21, 22
Expels ignitible vapor/gas Maintains positive enclosure pressure
Protection by Enclosures tD
tD A21 Procedure A for Zone 21 tD B21 Procedure B for Zone 21
High impact resistant enclosuresFRP, GRP, sheet steel/aluminum, stainless steel Enclosure will not hold static charge Maintain minimum of IP 54 ingress protection Apparatus non arcing/sparking Typical use in terminal enclosures
Encapsulation mD
maD for use in Zone 20, 21, 22 mbD for use in Zone 21, 22
Epoxy or other resin to totally seal arcing and sparking devices Typical use in luminaires, controls and sealed switches
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Type 8
For indoor or outdoor use in hazardous (classified) locations as Class I, Division 1, Groups A, B, C, or D
Type 9
Intended for indoor use in hazardous (classified) locations as Class II, Division 1, Groups E, F, and G
Type 10 (MSHA)
Shall be capable of meeting the requirements of the Mine Safety and Health Administration, 30 C.F.R., Part 18
Note: There are no provisions in NEMA types for Class III locations. However, Type 9 would be suitable
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Explosion Elements
Fuel
Flammable Gas Vapors Combustible Dusts Flyings or Fibers Air Other Oxidizing Atmospheres Arc Spark Heat Generated by Equipment
Oxygen
Ignition
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Electrical Data
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281-300
261-280 231-260 216-230 201-215 181-200 166-180 161-165 136-160 121-135 101-120 86-100 85
T2
T2A T2B T2C T2D T3 T3A T3B T3C T1 T4 T5 T6
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NEC NEC
Zone 2 or Division 2
UL844 Division 2 Restricted breathing (AEx nR) Restricted breathing (Ex nR)
Zone 2 IEC
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Disadvantages
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Section 500.7
500.1 and 500.5 adds the terms flammable liquid-produced vapors and combustible liquidproduced vapors to the list of materials that require analysis to determine of special electrical equipment or wiring is required to minimize the hazardous risks 500.7(K)(1); 500.7(K)(2); and 500.7(K)(3) now require that combustible gas detection equipment be listed for the appropriate gas group and for the detention of the specific gas or vapor to be encountered
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Section 501.10
Type PVC conduit and Type RTRC conduit for Class I, Division 1 and Class I, Division 2 Areas
Flexible metal conduit and liquidtight flexible metal conduit restriction as sole ground-fault current paths
Section 501.30
501.10 permits listed PVC conduit and RTRC conduit where encased in a concrete envelope a minimum of 50 mm (2 in.) thick and provided with not less than 600 mm (24 in.) of cover measured from the top of the conduit to grade 501.30 requires that liquidtight flexible metal conduit, as well as flexible metal conduit, be installed with internal or external bonding jumpers in parallel with each conduit if these conduits are to be relied upon to complete a sole equipment grounding path. The equipment bonding jumpers must comply with all other requirements of Section 250.102
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Section 502.120(B)
Section 502.130(B)
Section 502.150(B)
502.30 is similar to the change in 501.30(B), this section has been rewritten to clarify that in Class III, Division 1 and 2 locations, liquidtight flexible metal conduit is not permitted to be used as equipment grounding conductor without an additional bonding jumper installed 502.120(B) states where not located in the same enclosure with switching mechanisms, control transformers, solenoids, and impedance coils shall be provided with tight metal housings without ventilating openings or shall be installed in dusttight enclosures 502.130(B) now specifically requires a rating of dusttight for the fixed lighting enclosure (ballast tank) 502.150(B) requires that for Class II, Division 2 locations, the enclosures must have tight fitting covers, with no openings through which sparks or burning material might escape, to minimize the entrance of dust or be dusttight. Nonincendive circuits may be contained in general purpose type enclosures. Resistors must have enclosures identified for Class II, Division 1
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Section 503.30(B)
Liquidtight flexible metal conduit restriction as sole ground-fault current path
Similar to the change in 501.30, this section has been rewritten to clarify that in Class III, Division 1 and 2 locations, liquidtight flexible metal conduit is not permitted to be used as equipment grounding conductor without an additional bonding jumper installed
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Section 504.2
Section 504.70
504.2 places any limitations on the use of simple apparatus that can be used in the hazardous location will be listed on the control drawing for the associated apparatus. In the case of using a device that will heat up, such as an RTD, care must be taken to stay below the 1.3 Watt limit to avoid creating a hot surface. Care must also be taken that the use of simple apparatus does not connect two or more intrinsically safe circuits together in the hazardous location. This can create a situation where sufficient energy could be released to cause an ignition 504.70 requirements for conduit and cable seals containing intrinsically safe wiring were clarified. Though they are not required to be explosionproof or flameproof, they shall be accessible and identified for the purpose of minimizing passage of gases, vapors or dusts under normal operating conditions. References to Articles 502, 505, 506 which cover where explosionproof or flameproof seals are not required have been included in the section
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505.7 removed the rule requiring that the classification of areas and the selection of equipment and wiring methods be the sole authority of a registered professional engineer. The new language requires that the total process of implementation of the Zone Classification System be conducted by qualified persons 505.8 added additional methods of protection technique that shall be permitted for equipment in Class I, Zone 0, Zone 1, or Zone 2 locations
Encapsulation ma Encapsulation mb
Section 505.25(B)
505.9(F) was added to address the proper wiring methods and sealing requirements for fiber optic cable assemblies installed in a Class I, Zone rated area 505.15(C) was added to permit RTRC conduit and Schedule 80 PVC conduit in Class I, Zone 2 areas of industrial establishments and where additional corrosion resistance is required 505.25(B) is similar to the change in 501.30(B), this section has been rewritten to clarify that in Class III, Division 1 and 2 locations, flexible metal conduit and liquidtight flexible metal conduit is not permitted to be used as equipment grounding conductor without an additional bonding jumper installed
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Section 506.8
Several Protection Techniques added to the article
Fiber optic cable assemblies
506.8 added
Encapsulation maD Encapsulation mbD Protection by Enclosure tD Protection by Pressurization pD Protection by Intrinsic Safety iD
Section 506.9(F)
Section 506.25(B)
Liquidtight flexible metal conduit restriction as sole ground-fault current path
506.9(F) Where a fiber optic cable assembly contains conductors that are capable of carrying current, the fiber optic cable assembly shall be installed in accordance with 506.15 and 506.16, as applicable 506.25 Liquidtight flexible metal conduit shall not be used as the sole ground-fault current path. Where equipment bonding jumpers are installed, they shall comply with 250.102
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There were no changes to Article 510 for the 2008 NEC This is a general Article that defines the structure of the specific locations addressed in Articles 511 through 516
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Section 511.2
Definitions for major and minor repair garages were added Area classification general requirements
Section 511.3
511.2 redefined major repair garage and minor repair garage 511.3(A) and 511.3(B) have been rearranged to clarify the new definitions
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Section 513.2
Definition for aircraft painting hanger Aircraft painting hanger classification requirements
Section 513.3
513.2 defined the term aircraft painting hanger 513.2 was expanded to include the area classification requirements specific to the new aircraft painting hanger
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There were no significant changes made to Article 514 for the 2008 NEC
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Section 515.7(A)
Schedule 80 PVC and RTRC Conduit
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There were no significant changes made to Article 516 for the 2008 NEC
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Lighting Fixtures
Provides illumination in areas designated as classified or explosionproof Suitable for indoor or outdoor use where hazardous, damp and corrosive conditions exist UL listings as approved for use in specific classified areas Models available for Class I, Div. 1; Class II, Div. 1; UL 844; UL 1598A; Marine Type Electric Fixtures Outside Type (Salt Water); and paint spray booths
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Disclaimer
The information presented in this presentation has been assembled from various sources. Although every attempt has been made to ensure accuracy, neither EGS Electrical Group/Appleton Electric LLC nor its contributors to this publication assumes responsibility for any inaccuracies or omissions in the data presented As a safety precaution, information to be utilized from this presentation should be verified from the National Electrical Code and other sources
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