CHAPTER 1: Mole

Balances
Lecture 3
Fail to plan is planning to fail
CAB 2074 - Reaction Engineering
Topics
Lecture
1:

Chemical Identity
Reaction Rate
Lecture
2:

General Mole Balance Equation
Mole Balance for Different Reactor
Types
Lecture
3:
Mole Balance for Different Reactor
Types
Examples
CAB 2074 - Reaction Engineering
Summary From Last Lecture
Reactor Mole Balance Remarks
Batch Well mix, no
spatial
variation,
unsteady state
CSTR Well mix, no
spatial
variation,
steady state
PFR

Steady state
PBR

Steady state
dt
dN
V r
A
A
=
CAB 2074 - Reaction Engineering
Reaction rate, -rA
Always expressed in term of

-r
A =
kC
A
n
or -r
A =
kC
A
o
C
B
|


n = 0, -r
A =
k
n = 1, -r
A =
kC
A

n = 2, -r
A =
kC
A
2


CAB 2074 - Reaction Engineering
A rocket engine burns a stoichiometric mixture of
fuel (liquid hydrogen) in oxidant (liquid oxygen).
The combustion chamber is cylindrical, 75 cm
long, 60 cm in diameter, and the combustion
process produces 108 kg/s of exhaust gases. If
combustion is complete, find the rate of reaction
of hydrogen and of oxygen.
Problem 1-1
H
2
O
2
108 kg/s
75 cm
60 cm
CAB 2074 - Reaction Engineering
Solution 1-1:
What we know:
Reactor type Batch

Mole balance equation (MBE) ________


Volume of reactor _________ =0.21
dt
dN
V r
A
A
=
What we need to know: -rH
2
and -rO
2
( ) 75 . 0
2
6 . 0
2
|
.
|

\
|
t
CAB 2074 - Reaction Engineering
The gas phase reaction, A B + C,
is carried out isothermally in a 20 dm
3

well mixed, constant volume batch
reactor. 20 moles of pure A is placed
in the reactor initially
If the reaction is first order (-r
A
=kC
A
with
k= 0.865 min
-1
), calculate the time
necessary to reduce the number of
moles of A in the reactor to 0.2 mol.
Problem 1-2
CAB 2074 - Reaction Engineering
Solution 1-2:
What we know:
Reactor type Batch

MBE

Volume of reactor 20 dm
3

Reaction rate -r
A
=kC
A
with k= 0.865 min
-1
What we need to know: time, t (N
A, 20mol
N
A, 0.2 mol
)
dt
dN
V r
A
A
=
CAB 2074 - Reaction Engineering
The reaction, A D, is to be carried
out isothermally in a continuous flow
reactor. Calculate the CSTR volume
necessary to consume 99% of A when
the entering molar flow rate is 5 mol/h,
assuming that the reaction rate is
second order (-r
A
= kC
A
2
) with k = 3
dm
3
/molh. The entering volumetric
flow rate is 10 dm
3
/h
Problem 1-3:
CAB 2074 - Reaction Engineering
Solution 1-3:
What we know:
Reactor type CSTR MBE _________

Reaction rate (second order) -r
A
= kC
A
2

Entering Vol Flow rate, v
0
10 dm
3
/hr

Entering molar Flow rate, F
A0
5 mol/hr

What we need to know: reactor volume (at 99% A)
CAB 2074 - Reaction Engineering
Rework Problem 1-3 for PFR reactor.
Problem 1-4
(Practice on yr own):
CAB 2074 - Reaction Engineering
QUIZ 1

THURSDAY

30
TH
JUNE, 2013
CAB 2074 - Reaction Engineering