TRANSFER PRINTING

NAME: TEACHER NAME: SUBJECT : MOHAMMAD EHSAN SAEED MISS NAVETA TEXTILE PRINTING

DETERMINE THE TRANSFER PRINTING Transfer Printing in Textiles involves transferring the design on a paper to a fabric by vaporization.
There are two main processes for this; the first one is Dry Heat Transfer Printing ,Melt Transfer printing and Wet Transfer Printing.

METHODS OF TRANSFER PRINTING Sublimation Transfer. Melt Transfer. Wet Transfer

Sublimation Transfer.
Sublimation Transfer :

Here use volatile dyes. Dye is adsorbed from the vapour phase. In the first step the paper which the printing is done needs to be printed first. For that, collect the paper, make the print paste, print the paper and dried it at low temperature. In the seceond step, Sublime the paper and diffuse it with condensation. Diffusion again into the interior of the fiber of the fabric.

. Melt Transfer
In melt transfer design is printed on paper using a wax link. A hot iron is applied to its reverse face and presses the paper against the fabric. When the pressure is applied the ink melts and starts printing.

Wet Transfer
Water soluble dyes are incorporated into a printing ink. Transferred to a moistened textile aqueous medium and printing is done.

Types of Transfer Printing Machine

The machine based on transfer printing are essentially hot pressing unit in which the temperature is maintained in the desired range. The machine are of Flat bed transfer printing machine Continuous transfer Printing Machine Vacuum Transfer Printing Machine
A short description is now describing here giving the working procedure of each machine.

Flat Bed Transfer Printing Machine

Flat Bed Transfer Printing Machine

It is suitable to print the garment It is suitable to print both side of the fabric Time of printing is settled to the machine The number of printed garments per hour is 50-100 Heating is carried out by electricity or super steam

Flat Bed Transfer Printing Machine

Working Procedure : In this machine working is carried out in three steps. At first fabric to be printed is carried out to the endless blanket In this step fabric comes to the press bed and perprinted paper is placed on the fabric in press bed. In this step, temperature keeps 180 to 200 degree centigrade normally and pressing time keeps 30-40 seconds by a pair of cylinder with air. The press bed or heated plate is then lifted and this printed fabric is stored by moving through blanket. In the moment the another cycle is starts.

This machine design is transferred from printing paper to fabric. After printing by this machine no need of fixation or wet treatment.

Continuous Transfer Printing Machine

Continuous Transfer Printing Machine

Working Principle : In this machine working is carried out as following

steps. In this machine, since preprinted paper and fabric contact to each other passes through, design is transferred to fabric which is done in a biggest heated cylinder. Here cylinder is heated at 220 degree centigrade internally and design is transferred due to the pressure of cylinder and preprinted paper. A tension device is used for pressure of printing paper to fabric Required time for printing is 15-60 s Backing paper is used for uniform pressure fabric and transfer paper. The speed of machine is 1300 m/hr the speed of machine varies between 6-15 m/min depending on the diameter of the heated cylinder

Vacuum Transfer Printing :

Both continuous and unit transfer printing machine have been redesigned to provide vacuum assisted transfer. The drawing of dye in to the fabric from the printing paper is achieved by means of vacuum produced in a cylinder the cylinder is manufactured from a finely perforated steel mantle with surface profile and perforation. Due to this even vacuum the paper and the fabric are wrapped around the cylinder.

Vacuum Transfer Printing :

Working Procedure: The steel mantle of the drum is covered witha heat resistant padding material. The paper ususally extends about 1 inch beyond each selvedge of the fabric. The projecting edge of the paper are sealed off by adjustable perforated Teflon tapes which reject the dyestuffs and protect the drum edge from getting soiled. Heating is done by infra-red heating, filled in a special reflecting chamber.

Advantages of Transfer Printing

The capital cost of the equipment is low. Space required is also small. A skill printer is not required through careful control of temperature and pressure. A clear and sharp definition of all objects is possible. The proportion of sub-standard quantity is as low as 20% Since the printed fabric does not required any after treatment, it does not contribute to wter pollution problem. It gives good prints on well prepared knitted goods. No adverse effect on fabric's feel and luster. It allows excellent dye penetration into the fiber ( because transfer takes place at very high temperature). Steaming, Washing, drying etc are not necessary. Quicker reaction to changes in fashions

Disadvantages of Transfer Printing

There is some restriction of the production of deep shade High temp and pressure is required Once printed cannot be corrected Only limited dyestuff can be used for transfer printing Lower production speed due to existing transfer calendars Storage of large quantities of paper over prolonged period of time is a risk.

Limitations of Transfer Printing

Not applicable to all fiber specially which cannot stand under required temperature and pressure. The print paper is not available.