Liner

Any string of casing whose top is located

Liners

below the surface, hung inside the previous casing and is run to its setting depth by drill pipe.
LINER HANG ER CASING SHOE

OVERLAP 50 - 500 FT

Liner

Why Liners ?
Prime reason: Save $$ (Cost of 1 Joint of Casing can be $3,000!) Cover Corroded/Damaged Casing Cover: Lost Circulation Zones. Shales or Plastic Formations Salt Zones Deep Wells: Rig Unable to Lift Long String of Casing.
3 Liner

Types of Liners
Production: Most common Save $$ Slotted liner Intermediate/drilling: Cover problem zone in order to be able to continue drilling Tie-back/liner complement: From top of existing liner to surface, or further up casing to cover corroded or damaged zone.
4 Liner

Tie-Back (Liner Complement)

The integration of the liner with casing run to surface

Liner

Tie-Back (Liner Complement)

The integration of the liner with casing run to surface
TIE BACK STINGER WITH SEALS

LINER

Liner

The integration of the liner with casing run to surface

TIE BACK STINGER WITH SEALS

Tie-Back (Liner Complement)

LINER

This is often done if production is commercially viable or there is damage to casing above the liner
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Hardware
DP Wiper Plug or Dart

Liner Hanger

Landing Collar/Plate Casing Shoe

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Procedure for Setting Liner

RIH with drillpipe At liner hanger depth, condition mud

(Reciprocation / Rotation) Release slips (liner hanger) (Rotation - mechanical pressure - hydraulic) Set slips, release liner weight, check to see if running tool is free Pump mud - to ensure free circulation Cement / Displace / Bump plug / Bleed off Release setting tool POOH above TOC and circulate NOTE: A liner swivel can be run below the hanger to ensure that the tool can be rotated even if the liner 10 Liner is stuck or set.

Liner Overlap
Cementing the liner lap is critical . Too much cement above the liner hanger is

not recommended So make sure that uncontaminated cement is present at the liner lap - washes and spacers / WELLCLEAN II If not, there is communication from the annulus to the formation

13 Liner

Recommendations for Liner Cementing

Ensure rheology of cement system is

adequate for 100% mud removal Turbulent flow, if possible Consider 5 - 10 min. contact time at liner lap Batch mix cement Minimize U-tubing effect Rotation of liner during cementing (special bearing in tool) Adequate mud conditioning prior to cementing
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Example Calculation - Liner

Well Information:

9-5/8" 47 lb/ft intermediate casing from surface to 6500 feet 7" 29 lb/ft intermediate liner from 6200 ft to 10,500 feet 6" open hole to TD at 14,500 feet Drill pipe 3-1/2" 13.30 lb/ft 4-1/2" 16.60 lb/ft liner required from 14,400 ft to 400 ft inside 7" liner. Float collar 80 feet above shoe.
15 Liner Cement required to top of liner with 20% excess in

open hole

Production Liner Cementing Job

9 5/8 casing 47 lb/ft 3 1/2 drill pipe 13.3 lb/ft

9 5/8 casing shoe at 6500 ft 7 liner 29 lb/ft Top at 6200 ft

7 liner shoe at 10500 ft 6 Open hole + 20% Excess 4 1/2 liner 16.6 lb/ft top at 10100ft Collar at 14320 ft 4 1/2 liner shoe at 14400 ft

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Liner Example Calculations Results

Slurry Volume:
Volume #1: Volume #2:

0.0981 ft3/ft x 400 ft = 39.2 ft3 0.0859 ft3/ft x 3900 ft x 1.20 = 402 0.0769 ft3/ft x 80 ft = 6.2 ft3 447.4 ft3

ft3
Volume #3: Total Volume:

Displacement:
Drill Pipe: 0.00742 bbl/ft x 10,100 ft = 74.9 bbls Liner:

0.0137 bbl/ft x 4220 ft = 57.8 bbls = 132.7 bbls

Total Displacement

Max. overdisplacement = (80 x 0.0137) / 2 = 0.55 bbls

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Conclusion
Liners have many applications The main feature is that normally you have small

volumes of slurry and high pressures during the job.

Liner overlap is the most critical part to cement

correctly
Even though most of the times we are not at charge of

the hardware (liner hanger, cement head, etc.), we must have knowledge of what has been run in the hole, and the way it works.
It is important to slow down the displacement to avoid
18 Liner

excessive pressures (shear pins, end of displacement)