Aerobic Energy

Production During
Exercise
PED 5230
Moderate Aerobic
Energy

• 50-85% of VO2max

Oxygen?

• Fuel?

Lactate?
Moderate Aerobic
Energy

Oxygen Supply =
Oxygen
Demand...barely
Moderate Aerobic
Energy
• Shift towards a greater contribution from
carbohydrates.

Why?

• Advantage?

• Disadvantage?

• 2,000 versus 72,000

Moderate Aerobic Energy
Grams Kcals
Liver glycogen 110 451
Muscle
500 2050
glycogen
Glucose 15 62
Total 625 2563
Subcutaneous
and Visceral 7,800 73,320
Fat
Intramuscular
Fat 161 1513

Total 7961 74,833 From Wilmore and

Moderate Aerobic
Energy

• Goal: maintain glucose levels

Muscle

• Central nervous system

 Moderate Aerobic
Energy
• Liver glycogen

Glucagon

• Catecholamines

• Epinephrine

• Norepinephrine
Moderate Aerobic
Energy
1.0 1.5
Glycogen Depletion
Moderate Aerobic
Energy
• Prolonged exercise

Carbohydrates

• Hypoglycemia

• Glycogen Depletion

Fats and ketones

• Proteins

Gluconeogenesis
Fat Burns in a Carbohydrate /
Protein Flame low pyruvate
Ketones
Moderate Aerobic
Energy
• Ketones

acetoacetate
• beta-
hydroxybutyrate
• Fuel for ST fibers,
brain and nerves
• Acidic
The Glucose-Alanine Cycle
Moderate Aerobic
Energy
Near lactate threshold
Fatigue

QuickTimeª and a
TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Fatigue
• ATP or P?

Glycogen depletion?
• > 1-2 hours
QuickTimeª and a
TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.

• Hypoglycemia?

Direct - muscle
• Indirect - CNS
Hypoglycemia
Hypoglycemia
Brain

(inhibit)

O2
Heart Muscles
Glycogen & Fat

low glucose

Liver Adipose
Glycogen Fat
Fatigue

• Lactic acid or H?
QuickTimeª and a
TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.

• Low oxygen supply?

Oxygen / Lactic
Acid
Brain

Lungs O2
Heart O2 Muscles
Glycogen & Fat

Liver Adipose
Fat
Glycogen
Oxygen / Lactic
Acid
 Fatigue

• Central fatigue?

Central drive or command

• Central governor
 Central Fatigue
Brain

(inhibit)

Lungs O2
Heart O2 Muscles
Glycogen & Fat

Liver Adipose
Glycogen Fat
Heavy Aerobic Energy

• > 85% of VO2max

Oxygen?

• Fuel?

Lactate?
Heavy Aerobic Energy

• Oxygen supply less than demand

Muscles

• Heart, too?

Anaerobic energy
Heavy Aerobic Energy
• Fuel

Carbohydrate

• Aerobic

• Anaerobic

• PC?
Heavy Exercise

• Fatigue

Lactic acid?

• CNS?
Heavy Aerobic Energy

Lactate
Heavy Exercise
• If a person were to begin exercising at their
VO2max, how long would they be able to last
at that intensity?

Why?

• What is the recommended percentage of

VO2max to exercise at?