Microprocessor (Microcontroller)

Overview

Books
Microcontroller 8051 Publisher: Baghani Pub.Date: 1380 Author: Mohammad ali Mazidi Jonis Glispi Mazidi Latest Version:Second Edition , 2005 The 8051 Microcontroller and Embedded Systems Using Assembly and C. Author : Mazidi & Mckinlay URL:
http://www.pearson.ch/1469/0131970895/8051Microcontrollerand.aspx http://www.MicroDigitalEd.com

Books
The 8051 Microcontroller Hardcover: 560 pages Publisher: Prentice Hall; 4 edition (July 23, 2006) Publisher: Baghani Pub.Date: 1380 Publishing Turn: 5 Edition Turn: 3 ISBN: 964-91532-2-5 Pages: 383 Author: Iscott Makenzi Translator: Rezaei Nia ,Darbandi Azar

Books List
Reference Books

1. Kenneth J. Ayala, The 8051 Microcontroller Architecture, Programming & Applications , 2nd Edition, 2. James W. Stewart, The 8051 Microcontroller Hardware, Software and Interfacing, 2nd Edition, Pearson Education, 3. Thomas W. Schultz C And The 8051 , 2009

Books List
8051 Microcontrollers
An Applications-Based Introduction David Calcutt, Fred Cowan, Hassan Parchizadeh

Embedded Controller Hardware Design

by Ken Arnold

Other references
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6.

7. 8. 9.

Keil Cx51 Compiler Refrence MCS51 Microcontroller family users Manual, Intel press. Atmel 8051 Microcontrollers Hardware Manual www.8052.com 8051 Instruction Set Manual http://www.keil.com/support/man/docs/is51/ 8051 Development Tools http://bit.kuas.edu.tw/~8051 8051 Architecture Reference v5 8051 microcontroller project : http://www.rentron.com/ 8051 development tools : http://8051tools.com

Software
IDE:
SIDE Keil UltraEdit,TextPad,VI, Notepad asem5113 SDCC Keil C Compiler Proteus 7 Professional JSIM-51 Emulator 8051 C & java compilers Basice compiler.

Editors

Compiler

Simulator

Others

Microcontroller vs. Microprocessors

1. 2. 3.

CPU for Computers No RAM, ROM, I/O on CPU chip itself ExampleIntels x86, Motorolas 680x0

1. 2. 3.

A smaller computer On-chip RAM, ROM, I/O ports... ExampleMotorolas 6811, Intels 8051, Zilogs Z8 and PIC

Microcontroller vs. Microprocessors

Microprocessor 1. CPU is stand-alone, RAM, ROM, I/O, timer are separate 2. designer can decide on the amount of ROM, RAM and I/O ports. 3. expansive 4. versatility 5. general-purpose Microcontroller 1. CPU, RAM, ROM, I/O and timer are all on a single chip 2. fix amount of on-chip ROM, RAM, I/O ports 3. for applications in which cost, power and space are critical 4. single-purpose

uP vs. uC cont.
Applications
uCs are suitable to control of I/O devices in designs requiring a minimum component uPs are suitable to processing information in computer systems.

uP vs. uC cont.
uC is easy to use and design.
Only single chip can be a complete system interfacing to other devices,
for example, motors, displays, sensors, and communicate with PC.

In contrast, similar system that builds from uP would require a lot of additional units,
such as RAM, UART, I/O , TIMER and etc.

Embedded Computing Systems

Use a microprocessor or microcontroller to do one task only
Printer

PC used for any number of applications

Word processor, print-server, bank teller terminal, video game player, network server, internet terminal

PC contains or is connected to various embedded products

Keyboard, printer, modem, disk controller, sound card, CD-ROM driver, mouse

X86 PC embedded applications High-end Embedded Processor

Microcontroller types

The predominant family of microcontrollers are 8-bit

most manufacturers provide a family of devices

The Philips products are identified bythe numbering system: 8XCXXX

0 for a ROMless device 3 for a device with ROM 7 for a device with EPROM/OTP (one time programmable) 9 or a device with FEEPROM (flash).

Embedded Products Using Microcontrollers

Home
Appliances, intercom, telephones, security systems, garage door openers, answering machines, fax machines, home computers, TVs, cable TV tuner, VCR, camcorder, remote controls, video games, cellular phones, musical instruments, sewing machines, lighting control, paging, camera, pinball machines, toys, exercise equipment

Embedded Products Using Microcontrollers

Office
Telephones, computers, security systems, fax machines, microwave, copier, laser printer, color printer, paging

Embedded Products Using Microcontrollers

Auto
Trip computer, engine control, air bag, ABS, instrumentation, security system, transmission control, entertainment, climate control, cellular phone, keyless entry

Choosing A Microcontroller
Computing needs
Speed, packaging, power consumption, RAM, ROM, I/O pins, timers, upgrade to high performance or low-power versions, cost

Software development tools

Assembler, debugger, C compiler, emulator, technical support

Availability & source

Types of microcontrollers
ARM core processors (many vendors) includes ARM9, ARM Cortex-A8, Sitara ARM Microprocessor Atmel AVR (8-bit), AVR32 (32-bit), and AT91SAM (32-bit) Cypress Semiconductor's M8C Core used in their PSoC Freescale ColdFire (32-bit) and S08 (8-bit) Freescale 68HC11 (8-bit) Intel 8051 Infineon: 8, 16, 32 Bit microcontrollers[9] MIPS Microchip Technology PIC, NXP Semiconductors LPC1000, LPC2000, LPC3000, LPC4000 Parallax Propeller PowerPC ISE Rabbit 2000 (8-bit) Silicon Laboratories Pipelined 8-bit 8051 Microcontrollers and Texas Instruments TI MSP430 (16-bit) Toshiba TLCS-870 (8-bit/16-bit).

Companies Producing 8051

Table 1-2:Some Companies Producing a Member of the 8051 Family
Company Intel Atmel Philips/Signetics Siemens Web Site www.intel.com/design/mcs51 www.atmel.com www.semiconductors.philips.com www.sci.siemens.com

Dallas Semiconductor

www.dalsemi.com

Atmel
Atmel offers a broad range of microcontrollers based on the 8051 architecture ranging

1. code density from 2K bytes to 128K bytes. 2. based on the powerful, low-power Single-Cycle AT89LP core as well as MCS-51 industry 3. footprint 14/16/20/28-pin derivatives, 4. all manufactured in advanced Flash technologies 5. Most members in this product line include ISP (In-System Programming) capability, 6. CAN Networking 7. Smart Card Readers 8. USB Applications

Inside 8051 Microcontroller

Introduced by Intel in 1981

Organization: von Neumann vs. Data bus Harvard

ROM RAM
Address bus

Control bus

8051 Family
Table 1-4:Comparison of 8051 Family Members Feature
ROM (on chip program space in bytes) RAM (bytes) Timers I/O pins Serial port Interrupt sources

8051
4K 128 2 32 1 6

8052 8031
8k 256 3 32 1 8 0k 128 2 32 1 6

Various 8051 Microcontrollers

8751 microcontroller
UV-EPROM

AT89C51 from Atmel Corporation

Flash (erase before write)

DS5000 from Dallas Semiconductor

NV-RAM (changed one byte at a time), RTC (real-time clock)

OTP (one-time-programmable) version of 8051 8051 family from Philips

AD, DA, extended I/O, OTP and flash