Professional Documents
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Pages 329-343
Disease
Does not allow the body to function normally Can affect individual organs or an entire body system Divided into two groups infectious and non-infectious
Infectious Disease
A disease that can be passed from organism to organism Caused by tiny organisms called PATHOGENS
4 KINDS OF PATHOGENS
Bacteria Viruses Fungi Protist
Contaminated objects
Animal bite
Environment
Colds
Illness caused by a viral infection located in the respiratory system The cold virus multiplies and attacks the mucous membranes of the nose and throat causing the common effects of the cold (sore throat, runny nose, fever) Cold can not be treated with an antibiotic because it is caused by a virus
Flu
Influenza, commonly known as the flu, is a highly contagious viral disease of the respiratory system Typically causes fever, muscle aches, and a more severe cough than the common cold and usually lasts longer
Athletes foot
Common fungal infection of the skin of the feet May be contracted from public environments Grows in the warm and moist environment usually between the toes Difficult to cure
AIDS
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) Caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) The virus attacks the cells in the immune system making the organism unable to fight off other pathogens that may attack the body
Strep Throat
Contagious disease caused by bacterial infection Symptoms include fever, pain, redness and swelling of the throat and tonsils May produce mild or severe symptoms
Salmonella?
Salmonella is a bacterium
Stomach acid destroys some of the bacteria Macrophages try to destroy the Salmonella
What does the body do next to try and get rid of the pathogen?
How does Salmonella attack the body? Enters the cells of the villi and destroys them The destroyed cells release distress chemicals
What causes the diarrhea?
The waves of peristalsis are so rapid that the large intestine is unable to absorb the water
The chemicals released from the cells leak into the blood stream and go into the muscle tissue
How does the immune system begin to respond to the Salmonella invasion?
The immune system identifies the pathogen and produces helper cells Helper cells help the macrophages to do their job destroy the Salmonella
Non-infectious Diseases
Not caused by pathogens in the body Not spread from organism to organism
Diabetes
A disease that results in glucose (sugar) level being higher than normal. It is caused by the persons inability to either produce or use properly a natural chemical made in the body (pancreas) called insulin.
Parkinsons Disease
Disease of the nervous system that occurs when nerve cells in the brain stop functioning properly, affecting the muscular system
Parkinsons Disease
Major symptoms
Severe shaking (tremors) Disabilities involving movement
Skin Cancer
Disease in which skin cells found in the outer layers of the skin become damaged.
Asthma
Affects the lungs and the airways that deliver air to the lungs Causes periodic attacks of wheezing and difficulty breathing
Asthma attacks
Occur when the airways become inflamed in response to a stimulus, such as dust, mold, pets, exercise, or cold weather Some attacks start for no apparent reason
Resources
Body Story: Germs. Discovery Channel School. 2002. unitedstreaming. 5 December 2006 <http://www.unitedstreaming.com/>
www.a1organics.com/images/pathogens.jpg www.monografias.com/trabajos5/virus/Image166.gif www.uwlax.edu/.../Visuals/athletesfoot.jpg www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/.../paramecium1.gif www.fordogtrainers.com moon.ouhsc.edu www.wcasohio.org www.kidsplanet.org www.missouri.edu tiee.ecoed.net www.moea.state.mn.us colds.upmc.com