Teaching Listening and Speaking Skills in the Primary ESL Classroom TSL 3105

Group Members : 1) Mohd Afif 2) Viviana Mihen 3) Clara Beatrice

Listening Skills
What are the FACTORS that affect listening skills?
Personal Bias Environmental Factors

A short attention span Rehearsing a response

Daydreaming Hot words Through the use of filtering

Speaking Skills (the factors)

Listening Comprehension

Vocabulary

Grammatical Accuracy

Accent

Pronunciation

Listen! Listen!

Parrots

- Avoid looking at the subtitles during watching TV, but focus on understanding what the speakers say.

-Listen to an English News Program/English conversation and repeat the sentences you hear.

Listening Comprehension
Catch The Main Ideas -Listen carefully for the words that will give you the main ideas of the topic discussed. Watch Out For Homophones -Should not rely on the sound you hear, but the context on which the word was used.

Grammatical Accuracy
Pronouns Nouns Ex. My neighbour has ten childrens. Ex. I watched a movie with my wife. He liked it very much. (Hes talking about his wife, but he used he rather than she.)

(children is already in the plural form.)

Adjectives Ex. She is the most prettiest girl I have seen. (Prettiest is already in the superlative degree of comparison.)

Verbs
Ex. Few is expected to fail in the test. (The definite pronoun few takes a plural verb.

Pronunciation
English is not phonetics
We dont always say English words the way we spell them.

The sounds of ed

The ed added to the verbs may have different sounds which depends if the base verbs sound is voiced/voiceless. Voiced-a consonant is voiced when it makes the vocal cords vibrate. Voiceless-when a consonant is pronounced w/o vibrating the vocal cords.

Voiced/Voiceless

Accent

What is ACCENT?

Accent usually reflects the place where a person comes from.

Accent is also the reason why people have a hard time understanding each other, and thus many people strive to change their accent.

Vocabulary
Accept versus Except Affect versus Effect
Accept is a verb which Affect is a verb meaning to means to receive. influence. Ex. I accept your proposal. Ex. Frequent drinking of alcohol affected his health. Expect is usually Effect, on the other hand, preposition which means is usually a noun meaning not included. result. Ex. I eat all kinds of fruits Ex. One of the effects of except that one. illegal logging is flood.

Principles of Teaching Speaking Skills

Principles Take account of the student as a person Description Be sensitive, sympathetic and encouraging. Select material that is motivating and within the ability of students.

Reduce anxiety by moving 1. Taking short turns from easy to more difficult 2. A familiar, private environment 3. The speaker must have information that the listener does not 4. Information that the students talk about is within their experience and understanding Maintain a careful balance Need to teach accuracy first (the production of a between accuracy and range of correct and appropriate words and fluency structures & the correct use of phonological features). Then, comes the fluency (the ability to produce speech that has normal flow).

Provide a good model for 1. Learning to speak English in an acceptable way students to imitate yourself 2. Using the target rhythms, stress patterns, words over and over again 3. Teaching students correct pronunciation, intonation to help them learn the correct forms Provide appropriate stimuli for eliciting speech Vary interaction modes
T

In order to give students something to speak about, input materials (notes, pictures, maps, etc.) are important.
S S S

Give clear instruction

Demonstrate of what the student needs to do is often the clearest way of helping students know what they are expected to do.

Monitor students activity

1. Encourage the students who find the activity difficult. 2. Note down common and recurring errors so that you can deal with them after the communication activity ends 3. Praise students who perform well Make a checklist of the things you need to take to class, make notes on when each is needed and who should be given what, for which activity

Make sure you have made adequate preparation for your class

Handle errors sensitively and 5 Aspects of errors that are needed to make effectively decisions on : What to correct How frequently to correct When to correct How to correct Who should correct