DBS (Direct Broadcast Satellite)

DTH

 Contents

1. WHY DIGITAL? 2. NETWORKS FOR DIGITAL BROADCASTING 3. WHAT IS DTH? 4. HEADEND SYSTEM 5. MODULATION & UP-LINK SYSTEM 6. FIXED SATELLITE SYSTEM 7. WHAT IS LNB? 8. SATELLITE DISH ANTENNA 9. EIRP & DISH SIZE 10. BLOCK DIAGRAM OF STB 11. CATEGORY OF STB 12. FUNCTION OF STB

 WHY DIGITAL?

More efficient bandwidth usage

- Possible to broadcast the several channels or HD channel in the same bandwidth of one analog channel.

Improved picture and sound quality

- There are no noise on screen like analog video signal

Additional information
- EPG, Teletext, Sub-title, Close-Caption, etc

Interactive service
- Video on demand, Web-browsing, email, etc

High Definition Video & Multi-audio(5.1channels)

 WHY DIGITAL?

 NETWORKS FOR DIGITAL BROADCASTING

Satellite

Cable

Terrestrial

One more network?

IP Muti-casting for live TV service
VoD Service Possible to provide the various data service

Ethernet

 WHAT IS DTH?
Satellite

DTH IS Direct to home

Up-link Station STB

Antenna

Head-End

 HEADEND SYSTEM
MPEG Encoder

MPEG Encoder

CAS Conax MUX MPEG2-TS TO Modulator

Professional IRD

AV source

DVB PSI/SI

CAS: Conditional Access System

MUX: Multiplexer TS: Transport Stream(188byte) DVB PSI/SI: Digital Video Broadcasting Program specified information (PAT, PMT, CAT, NIT..)/Service information (SDT, EIT..)

 MODULATION & UP-LINK SYSTEM

QPSK Modulator

Up-Convertor

QPSK Modulator MPEG2-TS QPSK Modulator

Up-Convertor

Up-Convertor

QPSK Modulator

Up-Convertor

L-Band Upconverter 9502150 MHz

Satellite system: QPSK Cable system: QAM Terrestrial: COFDM

 MODULATION & UP-LINK SYSTEM

 FIXED SATELLITE SYSTEM

Distance from Earth? 36,000Km Why fixed?

Up-link Frequency 14 ~ 14.5GHz Down-link Frequency 12.25 ~ 12.75GHz

 FIXED SATELLITE SYSTEM

Do you know how many satellites are in space?

12,000 satellites are in space now!!

 WHAT IS LNB?

- LNB (Low-noise block converter)

Frequency Conversion Signal Amplification Noise filtering

LNB performance?
- Lower Noise Figure is good performance.

 WHAT IS LNB?
C & KU band LNB
- C band Frequency: 3.4-4.2 GHz, Ku band Frequency: 10.7 - 12.75 GHz

Universal LNB
- Both polarizations (Vertical and Horizontal) - The full range of frequencies in the satellite Ku band - 13/18V for Vertical/Horizontal, 22KHz On/Off for High/Low frequency

Dual/Quad/Octo LNBs
- Two or four LNBs are in one unit to enable use of multiple receivers on one dish.

Universal LNB

Dual LNB

Quad LNB

Octo LNB

 SATELLITE DISH ANTENNA

- Satellite Dish Receive microwave from Satellite. Normally, the shape is parabolic.

Bigger Antenna, Higher Gain But Cost!

- HOW TO DETERMINE THE DISH SIZE?

EIRP (Equivalent isotropically radiated power)

 EIRP & DISH SIZE

Note:
High Power= Small Dish

 BLOCK DIAGRAM OF STB

Video Decoder RF tuner Demodulation Demux

TV Encoder

Audio Decoder
Control

Audio DAC

FLASH MEMORY

CPU (Central processing unit)

SDRAM

Smart Card

SMPS (Switched-mode power supply)

 CATEGORY OF DIGITAL STB According to Networks?

- Satellite STB/ Cable STB/ Terrestrial STB/ IP STB

According to recording?
- Zapper / DVR (Digital Video Recording)

According to scramble?
- FTA/ CAS (Embedded CAS or CI or Both)

According to definition?
-SD (Standard definition)/ HD (High definition)

According to MPEG compression?

- MPEG2/ MPEG4(H.264)

 FUNCTION OF DIGITAL STB

- Basic Feature
EPG (Electronic program guide)
Channel list & FAV (Favorite channel) Parents Lock

Additional Information: TeleText, Subtitle, Close Caption

- Advance Feature
Contents Recording & Time shift

VOD service
IPTV (Internet, Email,) Game

 FUNCTION OF DIGITAL STB

EPG
- Program Schedule - Program Note (Information) - Live window

THANK YOU!