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Agenda
Introduction Wi-Fi Technologies Wi-Fi Network Elements How a Wi-Fi Network Works Wi-Fi Network Topologies Wi-Fi Related and current technology Applications of Wi-Fi Wi-Fi Security Advantages/ Disadvantages /limitation of WI-FI
Introduction
Wireless Technology is an alternative to Wired
for
refers to the IEEE 802.11 communications standard for Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs).
Wi-Fi Network connect computers to each other,
IEEE 802.11b
Appear in late 1999
Range 4-6 Mbps (actual speed) 100 -150 feet range Most popular, Least Expensive Interference from mobile phones and Bluetooth devices which can reduce the transmission speed.
IEEE 802.11a
Introduced in 2001
Components of Wi-Fi
Access point
Adapters
Wi-Fi Antenna
Wi-Fi Bridge
point to an internet connection. An access point acts as a base station. When Wi-Fi enabled device encounters a hotspot the device can then connect to that network wirelessly. A single access point can support up to 30 users and can function within a range of 100 150 feet indoors and up to 300 feet outdoors. Many access points can be connected to each other via Ethernet cables to create a single large network.
AP-based topology
The client communicate through Access Point. BSS-RF coverage provided by an AP.
roaming.
Peer-to-peer topology
AP is not required. Client devices within a cell
can communicate directly with each other. It is useful for setting up of a wireless network quickly and easily.
offers larger coverage areas with greater bandwidth and speeds compared to wifi. In many cases municipal wifi networks are being created with a combination of wimax and wifi. Wimax works on radio band 802.16, while wifi is 802.11.
in the country, BSNL's Indore division today launched a Wi-Fi technology module for cars which will enable people to use internet while they are travelling. A Wi-Fi technology module which costs around Rs 5000 to Rs 6000 was first installed on an experimental basis in the official car of BSNL Indore unit's general manager GC Pandey. Pandey said that this was probably the first model in the country where the car has an antenna which receives Wi-Fi signals with 3.5Mbps speed, from an exchange based on CDMA technology. The model is expected be adopted by customers in a big way, once it gains popularity, he said.
Wi-Fi Applications
Home
Small Businesses
Large Corporations & Campuses Travellers
Eavesdropping
Easy to perform, almost impossible to detect
text
Usernames, passwords, content ... No security offered by the transmission medium
Different tools available on the internet Network sniffers, protocol analysers . . . Password collectors
MITM Attack
1.
2.
3.
Attacker spoofes a disassociate message from the victim The victim starts to look for a new access point, and the attacker advertises his own AP on a different channel, using the real APs MAC address The attacker connects to the real AP using victims MAC address
Wi-Fi Security
The requirements for Wi-Fi network security can be broken down into two primary components: Authentication
User Authentication Server Authentication
Privacy
Authentication
Keeping unauthorized users off the network
Authentication (cont..)
Server Authentication
Digital Certificate is used Validation of digital certificate occurs automatically
Advantages
Mobility
Ease of Installation
Flexibility Reliability Security Speed
Disadvantage
1. Power consumption is fairly high compared to
some other low bandwidth standards 2. Wi-Fi networks have limited range.
Limitations
Interference
Degradation in performance
High power consumption Limited range