HYPERTENSION

Done by: Masterchefs: Hasif (1) Anggita (2)

In the year 2000, nearly 26% (around 1 billion) of the adult population had hypertension worldwide. LDC/DC In 1995, 43 million people in the United States had hypertension (almost 24% of the adult population). The risk increases as age increases Adults and/or men are more likely to have Hypertension than women.
Its another term for high blood pressure.

The cause of stroke, kidney failure and heart attack

Hypertension

What exactly is hypertension and why did it happen?

When your blood pressure is constantly higher that normal. This poses a health risk as it requires the heart to work extra hard. It is regarded as silent killer as it may damage the walls of High blood pressure can make arteries.

the artery walls thicken and harden. When artery walls thicken, the inside of the blood vessel narrows. Cholesterol and fats are more likely to build up on the walls of damaged arteries, making them even narrower. Blood clots also can get trapped in narrowed arteries, blocking the flow of blood

Causes: Mostly in adults uncommon in

children

Actually95% of hypertension cases, the cause is unknown. primary/essential hypertension However, usually stress, improper diet and lack of exercise are some of the causes of hypertension. Overweight (usually in teenagers as they eat a lot) ; HBP develops aft 10 years of obesity a diet high in fat, salt, and sugar heredity male race diabetes kidney disease in adults (>60 years)

Secondary Hypertension common in children

When a child has hypertension caused by another medical condition, it is called secondary hypertension.. Kidney disease causes hypertension in 8085 percent of childhood cases. Secondary hypertension is responsible for 5 to 10 percent of diagnosed hypertension.

In children difficulty breathing, cause headache, fatigue, blurred vision, nosebleeds,

In pregnancy:
Hypertension occurs in approximately 8-10% of pregnancies Mostly due to secondary hypertension. may appear healthy until after the twentieth week of pregnancy. It is more likely to occur in women who are overweight or obese.

In elderly:
In those over 80 years old

~Signs and Tests~

Symptoms
usually have no symptoms People who have high blood pressure typically don't know it until their blood pressure is measured. headache, dizziness, blurred vision, nausea and vomiting, andchest pain and shortness of breath. The following types of organ damage are commonly seen in chronic high blood pressure:
Heart attack Heart failure Stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) Kidney failure

Effects of Hypertension: Hypertension kills!

1. 2. 3. 4. Headaches Shortened life expectancy Heart palpitating fast damage to various organs in the body resulting to other diseases. Heart leads to heart attack and heart failure Brain leads to stroke and internal bleeding Kidneys leads to renal failure and the need for dialysis Eyes leads to blindness. Atherosclerosis hardening arteries, blood cannot flow through normally peripheral vascular disease fats clog up in the arteries, obstructing blood

~Diet~
The DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) Diet
Food Group Grains and grain products Vegetables Fruits Low-fat or fat free milk or milk products Meats, poultry and fish Nuts, seeds and beans Daily Servings 78 45 45 23 Significance to the DASH Diet Carbohydrates and fiber Potassium, magnesium and fiber Potassium, magnesium and fiber Calcium, protein, potassium and magnesium Protein and magnesium Magnesium, potassium, protein and fiber

2 or less 4 5 a week

~Recipes~

Serves 4 Ingredients 2 boneless, skinless chicken breasts, each 4 ounces 1 tablespoon olive oil 1/2 cup chopped white onion 1 cup sliced mushrooms 1 cup white beans, cooked 2 tablespoons chopped garlic 1/4 cup chopped fresh basil 12 ounces uncooked rotelle pasta 1/4 cup Parmesan cheese Ground black pepper, to taste Directions Prepare a hot fire in a charcoal grill or heat a gas grill or broiler. Away from the heat source, lightly coat the grill rack or broiler pan with cooking spray. Position the cooking rack 4 to 6 inches from the heat source. Grill or broil the chicken until browned and just cooked through, about 5 minutes each side. Transfer the chicken to a cutting board and let rest 5 minutes before slicing into strips. In a large, nonstick frying pan, heat the olive oil over medium heat. Add the onions and mushrooms and saute until tender, about 5 minutes. Stir in the white beans, garlic, basil and grilled chicken strips. Keep warm. Fill a large pot 3/4 full with water and bring to a boil. Add the pasta and cook until al dente (tender), 10 to 12 minutes, or according to the package directions. Drain the pasta thoroughly. Return the pasta to the pot and add the chicken mixture. Toss to mix evenly. Divide the pasta among the plates. Garnish each with 1 tablespoon Parmesan cheese and black pepper. Serve immediately

Serves 6 For cupcake: 75g unsalted butter, softened 50g caster sugar 75g self-raising flour 1 egg 75 mashed ripe bananas For cupcake Preheat oven to 175C. Place 6 paper baking cases in muffin tins Combine butter, sugar, flour and eggs in a large bowl and beat with an electric whisk until smooth, about 2-3 minutes Stir in mashed bananas until well combined Put in batter in the cases Bake for 20 minutes Cool for 5 minutes For icing: 65g cream chesse 50g icing sugar, sieved 1/3 tablespoon lemon juice 1/3 banana, thinly sliced

For icing 1) Slowly beat the cream cheese in a large bowl with an electric whisk until it is soft and smooth

2)
3) 4) 5)

Add in icing sugar and lemon juice

Beat briskly until smooth and well combined Swirl icing on cooled cupcakes. Garnish each cupcake with banana slice

3 ripe strawberries, rinsed 2 teaspoons white sugar 1 tablespoon and 1 teaspoon whole milk 1/3 cup low-fat yogurt 1 ice cube 1) Cut 1 strawberry into smaller pieces and set aside 2) In a blender, place the remaining strawberries and sugar; blend on high speed for 30 seconds. Pour in the milk and blend another 30 seconds. Add the yogurt and blend on high speed for 1 minute. 3) To serve, place an ice cube in the glass and pour in the lassi. Top with the strawberry pieces and serve.

Bibliograpy
Pictures
http://www.google.com.sg/imgres?q=what+causes+hypertension&num=10&hl=en&gb v=2&biw=1280&bih=685&tbm=isch&tbnid=D23ZPFLGXtvbTM:&imgrefurl=http://www. emedicinehealth.com/high_blood_pressure/article_em.htm&docid=SVdHlfflEa3piM&i mgurl=http://images.emedicinehealth.com/images/eMedicineHealth/illustrations/blood _vessel.gif&w=400&h=200&ei=hkopT9PbDsvirAey-oDfAQ&zoom=1

research

http://www.ext.colostate.edu/pubs/foodnut/09318 .html http://www.emedicinehealth.com/high_blood_pre ssure/article_em.htm