The Flat Earth Koran

05 of 13- The Solid Sky Dome

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 1

An interpretation of the Cosmology of
the Koran & a critique of Islamic
Fundamentalism

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 2

 In the Koran,the Sky is described as
a Canopy, Roof or Dome

Many verses of
Canopy of the Sky the Koran
describe the Sky
as being like a
Canopy, Roof or
Dome.

This also implies

a Flat circular
Earth beneath
the solid Sky.

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 3

 The Solid Sky Dome
There are several indications in the Koran which suggest a belief in a
Solid Sky above a Flat Earth.
• The Sky is described as a Canopy, Roof or Dome.
• The Sky is held up by hidden Pillars.
• The Sky is described as “Wide.”
• There are gates or openings in the Sky as well as mansions.
• The Sky can be ripped, torn or split.
• The Sky can be rolled up like a scroll.
• God grasps hold of the Sky to stop it moving.
• The Sky was part of the Earth before being lifted up.
• Bits of the Sky can fall to Earth.
• The Sky is a barrier against the Djinn.
• Heaven and Earth and all between them.
• There are seven levels or layers in the Sky.

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 4

 The solid Sky

In the Koran the Sky is a solid Dome over the Earth.

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 5

1. The Sky is described as a Canopy,
Ceiling,Roof or Dome.

Surah 2:22, Surah 21:32, Surah 40:64

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 6

 Surah 2:22 The Sky is described as a
Canopy, Roof or Dome
Pickthall “Who hath appointed the Earth a resting-place for you, and
the Sky a canopy.”
Yusuf Ali “Who has made the Earth your couch, and the Heavens your
canopy).”
Hilali-Khan “Who has made the Earth a resting place for you, and the
Sky as a canopy.”
Shakir “Who made the Earth a resting place for you and the Heaven a
canopy.”
Sher Ali “Who made the Earth a bed for you, and the Heaven a roof,
Khalifa The One who made the Earth habitable for you, and the Sky a
structure.”

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 7

 Surah 2:22 Continued

Arberry “Who assigned to you the Earth for a couch, and Heaven for an
edifice.”
Palmer “Who made the Earth for you a bed and the Heaven a dome
Rodwell “Who hath made the earth a bed for you, and the Heaven a
covering.”
Sale “Who hath spread the Earth as a bed for you, and the heaven as a
covering.”
Irving “[He is] the One Who has made the Earth a carpet for you and
had the Sky built above you.”
Dawood “Who has made the Earth a Bed for you and the Sky a dome.”

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 8

 Surah 21:32 The Sky is like a Roof,,
Canopy or Ceiling
Pickthall “And we have made the Sky a roof withheld (from them). Yet
they turn away from its portents.”
Yusuf Ali “And We have made the Heavens as a canopy well guarded:
yet do they turn away from the Signs which these things (point to)!”
Hilali-Khan “And We have made the Heaven a roof, safe and well
guarded. Yet they turn away from its signs (i.e. sun, moon, winds,
clouds, etc.).”
Shakir “And We have made the Heaven a guarded canopy and (yet)
they turn aside from its signs”.
Sher Ali “And We have made the Heaven a roof, well-protected, yet
they turn away from its Signs.”
Khalifa “And we rendered the Sky a guarded ceiling. Yet, they are
totally oblivious to all the portents therein.”

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 9

 Surah 21:32 Continued
Arberry “And We set up the Heaven as a roof well-protected; yet still
from Our signs they are turning away.”
Palmer “And we made the Heaven a guarded roof; yet from our signs
they turn aside!”
Rodwell “And we made the Heaven a roof strongly upholden; yet turn
they away from its signs.”
Sale “And we made the Heaven a roof well supported. Yet they turn
aside from the signs thereof, [not considering that they are the
workmanship of God].”
Irving “We have placed the Sky as a roof which is held up even though
they shun its signs!”
Dawood “We spread the Heaven like a canopy and provided it with
strong support:Yet of its signs they are heedless.”

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 10

 Surah 40:64 The Sky is like a Canopy
or Structure
Pickthall “Allah it is Who appointed for you the Earth for a dwelling-
place and the Sky for a canopy.”
Yusuf Ali “It is God Who has made for you the Earth as a resting place,
and the Sky as a canopy.”
Hilali-Khan “Allah, it is He Who has made for you the Earth as a
dwelling place and the sky as a canopy.”
Shakir “Allah is He Who made the Earth a resting-place for you and the
Heaven a canopy.”
Sher Ali “Allah is He who has made for you the Earth a resting-place
and the Heaven a structure for protection.”
Khalifa “God is the One who rendered the Earth habitable for you, and
the Sky a formidable structure.”

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 11

 Surah 40:64 Continued
Arberry “It is God who made for you the Earth a fixed place and
Heaven for an edifice.
Palmer “God it is who has made for you the Earth as a resting-place,
and a Heaven as building
Rodwell It is God who hath given you the Earth as a sure foundation,
and over it built up the Heaven!
Sale “[It is] God who hath given you the Earth for a stable floor, and the
Heaven for a ceiling
Irving “God is the One Who has granted you the Earth to settle down
on and the Sky built above you.”
Dawood “It is God who has made the Earth a dwelling place for you
and the Sky a ceiling.”

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 12

• The Sky is held up by hidden Pillars.

Surah 13:2, Surah 21:32,Surah 31:10

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 13

 Mesopotamian Cosmology
Solid Sky in several layers

Pillars of Pillars of
the Sky the Sky

In Mesopotamian Cosmology, the solid Sky Dome was held up

by Mountain like Pillars rising out of the Sea
20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 14
Surah 13:2 Unseen Pillars hold up the Sky
Pickthall “Allah it is Who raised up the Heavens without visible supports,
then mounted the Throne, and compelled the sun and the moon to be of
service.”
Yusuf Ali “God is He Who raised the Heavens without any pillars that ye can
see; is firmly established on the throne (of authority); He has subjected the
sun and the moon (to his Law)!”
Hilali-Khan “Allah is He Who raised the Heavens without any pillars that you
can see. Then, He Istawa (rose above) the Throne (really in a manner that
suits His Majesty).”
Shakir “Allah is He Who raised the Heavens without any pillars that you see,
and He is firm in power and He made the sun and the moon subservient (to
you).”
Sher Ali “Allah is He Who raised up the Heavens without any pillars that you
can see. Then He settled Himself on the Throne. And He pressed the sun
and the moon into your service.”
Khalifa “God is the One who raised the Heavens without pillars that you can
see, then assumed all authority. He committed the sun and the moon.”
20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 15
 Surah 13:2 Continued
Arberry “God is He who raised up the Heavens without pillars you can see,
then He sat Himself upon the Throne. He subjected the sun and the
moon.”
Palmer “God it is who has raised the Heavens without columns that ye can
see; then He made for the throne, and subjected the sun and the moon.”
Rodwell “It is God who hath reared the Heavens without pillars thou canst
behold; then mounted his throne, and imposed laws on the sun and
moon.”
Sale “[It is] God who hath raised the Heavens without visible pillars; [and]
then ascended his throne, and compelled the sun and the moon to perform
their services.”
Irving “God is the One Who has raised up the Heavens without any
support you can see. Then He mounted on the Throne and regulated the
sun and moon.”
Dawood “It was God who raised the Heavens without any visible pillars.
He then ascended the throne and pressed the Sun and the Moon into his
service.”
20 March 2009
th
05 The Solid Sky Dome 16
 Surah 21:32 The Sky is like a roof

Pickthall “And we have made the Sky a roof withheld (from them). Yet
they turn away from its portents.”
Yusuf Ali “And We have made the Heavens as a canopy well guarded:
yet do they turn away from the Signs which these things (point to)!”
Hilali-Khan And We have made the Heaven a roof, safe and well
guarded. Yet they turn away from its signs (i.e. sun, moon, winds,
clouds, etc.).”
Shakir “And We have made the Heaven a guarded canopy and (yet)
they turn aside from its signs.”
Sher Ali “And We have made the Heaven a roof, well-protected, yet
they turn away from its Signs.”
Khalifa “And we rendered the Sky a guarded ceiling. Yet, they are
totally oblivious to all the portents therein.”

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 17

 Surah 21:32 Continued

Arberry “And We set up the Heaven as a roof well-protected; yet still

from Our signs they are turning away.”
Palmer “And we made the Heaven a guarded roof; yet from our signs
they turn aside!”
Rodwell “And we made the Heaven a roof strongly upholden; yet turn
they away from its signs.”
Sale “And we made the Heaven a roof well supported. Yet they turn
aside from the signs thereof, [not considering that they are the
workmanship of God].”
Irving “We have placed the Sky as a roof which is held up even though
they shun its signs! “
Dawood “We spread the Heaven like a canopy and provided it with
strong support: its signs they are heedless.”

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 18

 Surah 31:10 Unseen Pillars hold up Sky

Pickthall “He hath created the Heavens without supports that ye can see,
and hath cast into the Earth firm hills, so that it quake not with you.”
Yusuf Ali “He created the Heavens without any pillars that ye can see; He
set on the Earth mountains standing firm, lest it should shake with you.”
Hilali-Khan “He has created the Heavens without any pillars, that you see
and has set on the Earth firm mountains, lest it should shake with you.”
Shakir “He created the Heavens without pillars as you see them, and put
mountains upon the Earth lest it might convulse with you.”
Sher Ali “He has created the Heavens without any pillars that you can
see, and He has placed in the Earth firm mountains that it may not quake
with you.”
Khalifa “He created the Heavens without pillars that you can see. He
established on Earth stabilizers (mountains) lest it tumbles with you.”

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 19

 Surah 31:10 Continued

Arberry “He created the Heavens without pillars you can see, and He
cast on the Earth firm mountains, lest it shake with you.”
Palmer “He created the Heavens without pillars that ye can see, and
He threw upon the Earth firm mountains lest it should move with you.”
Rodwell “Without pillars that can be seen hath He created the
Heavens, and on the Earth hath thrown mountains lest it should move
with you.”
Sale “He hath created the Heavens without visible pillars [to sustain
them], and hath thrown on the Earth [mountains] firmly rooted, lest it
should move with you.”
Irving “He has created the Heavens without any visible support. He has
cast headlands on the Earth lest it sway with you.”
Dawood “He raised the Heavens without visible pillars, and set firm
mountains on Earth lest it should shake with you.”

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 20

Why are the Pillars of the Sky unseen?

Perhaps the Pillars

holding up the Sky
are unseen because
they are Underwater.

Some Muslims try &

Pillars holding up Sky interpret Surah 13:2
to mean that no
pillars hold up the
Sky.

But this is not what

the Koran actually
says.

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 21

 1. The Sky is described as “Wide.”

Surah 57:21

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 22

 Surah 57:21 Earths surface is
described as being as wide as Heaven

Happy Muslims in the Gardens of Paradise above the Sky

Sky

Earth

Width of Earth & Heaven

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 23

 Surah 57:21 Earths surface is
described as being as wide as Heaven
Pickthall “& a Garden whereof the breadth is as the breadth of the Heavens
& the Earth, which is in store for those who believe in Allah & His
messengers.”
Yusuf Ali “& a Garden (of Bliss), the width whereof is as the width of Heaven
& Earth, prepared for those who believe in God & His apostles.”
Hilali-Khan “& towards Paradise, the width whereof is as the width of
heaven & earth, prepared for those who believe in Allah & His Messengers.”
Shakir “& to a garden the extensiveness of which is as the extensiveness of
the Heaven & the Earth; it is prepared for those who believe in Allah & His
apostles.”
Sher Ali “& for a Garden the value whereof is equal to the value of the
Heaven & the Earth; it has been prepared for those who believe in Allah &
His Messengers.”
Khalifa “& a Paradise whose width encompasses the Heaven & the Earth. It
awaits those who believed in God & His messengers.”

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 24

 Surah 57:21 Continued
Arberry “And a Garden the breadth whereof is as the breadth of Heaven
and Earth, made ready for those who believe in God and His
Messengers.”
Palmer “And Paradise, whose breadth is as the breadth of the Heavens
and the Earth, prepared for those who believe in God and His apostles!”
Rodwell “And Paradise - whose outspread is as the outspread of the
Heaven and of the Earth: Prepared is it for those who believe in God and
His apostles.”
Sale “And paradise, the extent whereof equalleth the extent of Heaven
and Earth, prepared for those who believe in God and his apostles.”
Irving “And a garden broader than the Sky plus the Earth, which has
been prepared for those who believe in God and His messenger.”
Dawood “And a Paradise as vast as Heaven and Earth, prepared for
those who believe in God and his Apostles.”

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 25

• There are gates or openings in the
Solid Sky

Surah 7:40, Surah 54:11-12, Surah 78:19

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 26

 Jim Carey in The Truman Show

Left: Jim Carey

discovers that the
Sky is a solid dome
in the movie
“The Truman Show.”

The Koran says that

the Sky really is a
Solid Dome.

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 27

The Gates of Heaven / Holes in the Sky

The Koran
Mentions
Gates of Heaven opened
“Gates of Heaven”
which seem to be
doors in the Sky
that can be
opened in order to
allow solid objects
to pass through
the Sky.
This implies that
Hole in the Sky
the Sky is solid.

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 28

 Surah 7:40 The Gates of Heaven
Pickthall “Lo! they who deny Our revelations & scorn them, for them the
gates of Heaven will not be opened nor will they enter the Garden.”
Yusuf Ali “To those who reject Our signs & treat them with arrogance, no
opening will there be of the gates of Heaven, nor will they enter the
garden.”
Hilali-Khan “Verily, those who belie Our Ayat (proofs, evidences, verses,
lessons, signs, revelations, etc.) & treat them with arrogance, for them the
gates of Heaven will not be opened, and they will not enter Paradise.”
Shakir “Surely (as for) those who reject Our communications & turn away
from them haughtily, the doors of Heaven shall not be opened for them, nor
shall they enter the garden.”
Sher Ali “Those who reject Our Signs & turn away from them with disdain,
the gates of spiritual firmament will not be opened for them, nor will they
enter Heaven.”
Khalifa “Surely, those who reject our revelations & are too arrogant to
uphold them, the gates of the Sky will never open for them, nor will they
enter Paradise.”
20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 29
 Surah 7:40 Continued
Arberry “Those that cry lies to Our signs and wax proud against them the
gates of Heaven shall not be opened to them, nor shall they enter
Paradise.”
Palmer “Verily, those who say our signs are lies and are too big with pride
for them; for these the doors of Heaven shall not be opened, and they shall
not enter into Paradise.”
Rodwell “Verily, they who have charged our signs with falsehood and have
turned away from them in their pride, Heaven's gates shall not be opened
to them, nor shall they enter Paradise.”
Sale “Verily they who shall charge our signs with falsehood, and shall
proudly reject them, the gates of Heaven shall not be opened unto them,
neither shall they enter into paradise.”
Irving “Heaven's gates will not swing open for those who reject Our signs
and feel too proud for them, nor will they enter the Garden.“
Dawood “For those who have denied & scorned our revelations, the gates
of heaven shall not be opened, nor shall they enter paradise.”
20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 30
 Surah 78:19 Doors / Gates of
Heaven open on Judgment Day

If the Sky opens

on Judgment
Day for the
Angels to pass
through it, then
it must be solid.

See also
Surah 25:25

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 31

 Surah 78:19 Doors / Gates of Heaven
open on Judgment Day
Pickthall “And the Heaven is opened and becometh as gates.”
Yusuf Ali “And the Heavens shall be opened as if there were doors.”
Hilali-Khan “And the Heaven shall be opened, and it will become as
gates.”
Shakir “And the Heaven shall be opened so that it shall be all openings.”
Sher Ali “And the Heaven shall be opened and shall become all doors.”
Khalifa “The Heaven will be opened like gates.”
Arberry “And Heaven is opened, and become gates.”
Rodwell “And the Heaven shall be opened and be full of portals.”
Sale “And the Heaven shall be opened, and shall be [full of] gates. [for
the angels to pass through]”
Irving “And the Sky will open up as if it had gates.”
Dawood “The Gates of Heaven will swing open.”

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 32

 Surah 54:11-12
Opening the
Floodgates of
Heaven

The Koran describes how the

Floodgates of Heaven were
opened in order to release
water For Noah’s Flood.

This implies not only a solid

Sky, but also the existence
of vast oceans of water above
the Sky.

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 33

 Surah 54:11-12 Gates of Heaven
opened for Noah’s Flood
Pickthall “Then opened We the gates of Heaven with pouring
water & caused the Earth to gush forth springs, so that the waters
met for a predestined purpose”
Yusuf Ali “So We opened the gates of Heaven, with water pouring
forth. and We caused the Earth to gush forth with springs, so the
waters met (& rose) to the extent decreed.”
Hilali-Khan “So We opened the gates of Heaven with water
pouring forth,& We caused the Earth to gush forth with springs.
So the waters (of the Heaven and the Earth) met for a matter
predestined.”
Shakir “So We opened the gates of the cloud with water pouring
and We made water to flow forth in the land in springs, so the
water gathered together according to a measure already
ordained.”

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 34

 Surah 54:11-12 Continued

Sher Ali “Thereupon We opened the gates of Heaven with water

which fell in torrents & We caused the Earth to burst forth with
springs, so the two waters met for a purpose that was decreed.”
Khalifa “We then opened the gates of the Sky, pouring water. & we
caused springs to gush out of the Earth. The waters met to effect a
predetermined decision”.
Arberry “Then We opened the gates of Heaven unto water torrential &
made the Earth to gush with fountains, and the waters met for a
matter decreed.”
Palmer “And we opened the gates of Heaven with water pouring down
and we made the Earth burst forth in springs, and the waters met at a
bidding already decreed.”

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 35

 Surah 54:11-12 Continued

Rodwell “So we opened the gates of Heaven with water which fell in
torrents, and we caused the Earth to break forth with springs, and their
waters met by settled decree.”
Sale “So we opened the gates of Heaven, with water pouring down, and
we caused the Earth to break forth into springs; so that the water [of
Heaven and Earth] met, according to the decree which had been
established.”
Irving “”So We opened Heaven's gates for water to pour down. We
drilled the Earth full of springs and the waters met at a command which
had been decreed.”
Dawood “We opened the Gates of Heaven with pouring rain & caused
the Earth to burst forth with gushing springs so that the waters met for a
predestined course.”

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 36

Surah 54:11 Opening the Gates of Heaven
Waters above Sky / Ocean of Heaven

Gates of Heaven opened

The Koran refers to “Gates of Heaven”, (holes in the Sky) which

can be opened in order to allow water above the Sky to fall to
Earth.This implies that the Sky is a solid Dome.
20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 37
1. The Sky can be ripped, torn or split

Surah 19:92, Surah 25:25, Surah 42:5, Surah

50:6, Surah 55:37, Surah 69:16, Surah 73:18,
Surah 77:9, Surah 81:11, Surah 82:1, Surah 84:1

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 38

 Surah 25:25 The Sky splits open &
Angels descend on Judgement Day

If the Sky can

split open or
be ripped,
then it
must be
made of
something
solid.

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 39

 Surah 25:25 Sky splits open
Pickthall “A day when the Heaven with the clouds will be rent asunder
and the angels will be sent down, a grand descent.”
Yusuf Ali “The Day the Heaven shall be rent asunder with clouds, and
angels shall be sent down, descending. (in ranks)”
Hilali-Khan “And (remember) the Day when the Heaven shall be rent
asunder with clouds, and the angels will be sent down, with a grand
descending.”
Shakir “And on the day when the Heaven shall burst asunder with the
clouds, and the angels shall be sent down descending.(in ranks)”
Sher Ali “And on that day when the Heaven shall burst asunder with the
clouds overhanging it, and the angels shall be sent down in large
numbers.”
Khalifa “The Heaven will break apart, into masses of clouds, and the
angels will descend in multitudes.”

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 40

 Surah 25:25 Continued
Arberry “Upon the day that Heaven is split asunder with the clouds and
the angels are sent down in majesty.”
Palmer “The day the Heavens shall be cleft asunder with the clouds,
and the angels shall be sent down descending.”
Rodwell “On that day shall the Heaven with its clouds be cleft, and the
angels shall be sent down, descending.”
Sale “On that day the Heaven shall be cloven in sunder by the clouds,
and the angels shall be sent down, descending [visibly therein].”
Irving “on a day when the Sky will split open along with its clouds, and
the angels will be sent right on down.”
Dawood “On that day the Sky with all its clouds will be rent asunder and
the angels sent down in ranks.”

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 41

 Surah 42:5 The Sky might split open
Pickthall “Almost might the Heavens above be rent asunder while the
angels hymn the praise of their Lord.”
Yusuf Ali “The Heavens are almost rent asunder from above them (by
Him Glory): & the angels celebrate the Praises of their Lord.”
Hilali-Khan “Nearly the Heavens might rent asunder from above them
(by His Majesty), & the angels glorify the praises of their Lord.”
Shakir “The Heavens may almost rend asunder from above them & the
angels sing the praise of their Lord.”
Sher Ali “The Heavens may well-nigh rend asunder from above them; &
the angels proclaim the praises of their Lord.”
Khalifa “The Heavens above them almost shatter, out of reverence for
Him, & the angels praise & glorify their Lord.”

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 42

 Surah 42:5 Continued
Arberry “The Heavens well nigh are rent above them, when the
angels proclaim the praise of their Lord.”
Palmer “The Heavens well-nigh cleave asunder from above them; and
the angels celebrate the praises of their Lord.”
Rodwell “Ready are the Heavens to cleave asunder from above for
very awe: and the angels celebrate the praise of their Lord.”
Sale “It wanteth little but that the Heavens be rent in sunder from
above, [at the awfulness of his majesty]: The angels celebrate the
praise of their Lord.”
Irving “The Heavens almost burst apart above them as the angels
hymn their Lord's praise.”
Dawood “The Heavens above well nigh split asunder as the angels
give glory to their Lord.”

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 43

 Surah 84:1- 4 Sky splits open
Pickthall “When the Heaven is split asunder And attentive to her Lord
in fear, And when the Earth is spread out.”
Yusuf Ali “When the Sky is rent asunder, And hearkens to (the
Command of) its Lord, and it must needs (do so); And when the Earth
is flattened out.”
Hilali-Khan “When the Heaven is split asunder, And listens and obeys
its Lord, and it must do so; And when the Earth is stretched forth.”
Shakir “When the Heaven bursts asunder, And obeys its Lord and it
must. And when the Earth is stretched.”
Sher Ali “When the Heaven bursts asunder, And hearkens unto her
Lord - and this is incumbent upon her - And when the Earth is spread
out.”
Khalifa “The time will come when the Sky is ruptured, It will submit to
its Lord and expire.The Earth will be levelled.”

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 44

 Surah 84:1- 4 Continued
Arberry “When Heaven is rent asunder and gives ear to its Lord, and
is fitly disposed.”
Palmer “When the Heaven is rent asunder and gives ear unto its Lord,
and is dutiful!”
Rodwell “When the Heaven shall have split asunder and duteously
obeyed its Lord.”
Sale “When the Heaven shall be rent in sunder and shall obey its
Lord, and shall be capable [thereof]”
Irving ““When the Sky will split open and listen to its Lord as it ought
to,suddenly the earth will flatten out.”
Dawood ““When the Sky is rent apart obeying her lord in true
submission; when the Earth expands.”

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 45

Surah 50:6 No flaws or cracks in the Sky

The Koran boasts

that the Sky has
no flaws or cracks
in it.

The possibility that

such defects might
in principle exist
implies that the
Sky was thought
of as being made
from something
solid.

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 46

 Surah 50:6 No flaws or cracks in the
Sky
Only something
solid could have
cracks in it.

The possibility of
the Sky having
cracks or flaws
suggests that the
author of the Koran
thought that it was
made from
something solid.

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 47

 Surah 50:6 The Sky has no flaws
Pickthall “Have they not then observed the Sky above them, how We
have constructed it and beautified it, and how there are no rifts
therein?”
Yusuf Ali “Do they not look at the Sky above them? - How We have
made it and adorned it, and there are no flaws in it?”
Hilali-Khan “Have they not looked at the Heaven above them, how We
have made it and adorned it, and there are no rifts in it?”
Shakir “Do they not then look up to Heaven above them how We have
made it and adorned it and it has no gaps?”
Sher Ali “Do they not look at the Sky above them, how We have made
it and adorned it, and there are no flaws in it?”
Khalifa “Have they not looked at the Sky above them, and how we
constructed it and adorned it, without a flaw?”

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 48

 Surah 50:6 Continued
Arberry “What, have they not beheld Heaven above them, how We
have built it, and decked it out fair, and it has no cracks? “
Palmer “Do not they behold the Heaven above them, how we have
built it and adorned it, and how it has no flaws?”
Rodwell “Will they not look up to the Heaven above them, and
consider how we have reared it and decked it forth, and that there are
no flaws therein?”
Sale “Do they not look up to the Heaven above them, [and consider]
how we have raised it and adorned it; and that [there are] no flaws
therein?”
Irving “Have they not seen how We have built the Sky above them
and made it seem attractive? There are no flaws in it.“
Dawood “Have they never observed the Sky above them and marked
how we built it up and furnished it with ornaments,leaving no crack in
its expanse.

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 49

 Surah 77:9-10 Sky ripped open

Pickthall “And when the Sky is riven asunder, And when the
mountains are blown away.”
Yusuf Ali “When the Heaven is cleft asunder; When the mountains are
scattered (to the winds) as dust.”
Hilali-Khan “And when the Heaven is cleft asunder; And when the
mountains are blown away.”
Shakir “And when the Heaven is rent asunder, And when the
mountains are carried away as dust.”
Sher Ali “And when the Heaven is rent asunder, And when the
mountains are blown away like dust.”
Khalifa “The Sky is opened up. The mountains are blown up.”

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 50

 Surah 77:9-10 Continued

Arberry “When Heaven shall be split when the mountains shall be

scattered.”
Palmer “And when the Heaven shall be cleft! And when the mountains
shall be winnowed!”
Rodwell “And when the Heaven shall be cleft, And when the
mountains shall be scattered in dust.”
Sale “And when the Heaven shall be cloven in sunder? and when the
mountains shall be winnowed.”
Irving “When the Sky splits open, when mountains are pulverized.”
Dawood “When the sky is rent asunder and the mountains crumble
into dust.”

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 51

1. The Sky can be rolled up like a Scroll

Surah 21:104, Surah 39:67

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 52

 Solid Sky rolled up

Many verses of
the Koran
refer to the Sky
being rolled up
on Judgement
Day.

This suggests a
belief that the
Sky was solid.

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 53

Surah 21:104 Sky rolled up like a scroll

Pickthall “The Day when We shall roll up the Heavens as a recorder

rolleth up a written scroll.”
Yusuf Ali “The Day that We roll up the Heavens like a scroll rolled up for
books. (completed”
Hilali-Khan “And (remember) the Day when We shall roll up the Heavens
like a scroll rolled up for books.”
Shakir “On the day when We will roll up Heaven like the rolling up of the
scroll for writings.”
Sher Ali “The day when We shall roll up the Heavens like the rolling up
of written scrolls by a scribe.”
Khalifa “On that day, we will fold the Heaven, like the folding of a book.”

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 54

 Surah 21:104 Continued

Arberry “On the day when We shall roll up Heaven as a scroll is

rolled for the writings.”
Palmer “The day when we will roll up the Heavens as es-Sigill rolls
up the books.”
Rodwell “On that day we will roll up the Heaven as one rolleth up
written scrolls.”
Sale “On [that] day we will roll up the Heavens, as [the angel] al Sijil
rolleth up the book [wherein every man's actions are recorded].”
Irving “[It will be] a day when We shall roll up the Sky just as a scroll
for books is rolled up.”
Dawood “On that day we will roll up the Heaven like a roll of
parchment”

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 55

 Surah 39:67 Sky rolled up like a scroll
or folded
Pickthall “When the whole Earth is His handful on the Day of Resurrection,
and the Heavens are rolled in His right hand.”
Yusuf Ali “On the Day of Judgment the whole of the Earth will be but His
handful, and the Heavens will be rolled up in His right hand.”
Hilali-Khan “And on the Day of Resurrection the whole of the Earth will be
grasped by His Hand and the Heavens will be rolled up in His Right Hand.
Shakir “And the whole Earth shall be in His grip on the day of resurrection
and the Heavens rolled up in His right hand.”
Sher Ali “And the entire Earth will be under His complete control on the
Day.”
Khalifa “The whole Earth is within His fist on the Day of Resurrection. In
fact, the universes are folded within His right hand.”

Notice how Khalifa has distorted the meaning of the text & how he is out of
Step with the other eleven translations.
20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 56
 Surah 39:67 Continued
Arberry “The Earth altogether shall be His handful on the Day of
Resurrection, and the Heavens shall be rolled up in His right hand. “
Palmer “While the Earth all of it is but a handful for Him on the
resurrection day, and the Heavens shall be rolled up in His right
hand!”
Rodwell “For on the resurrection day the whole Earth shall be but his
handful, and in his right hand shall the Heavens be folded together.”
Sale “Since the whole Earth [shall be but] his handful, on the day of
resurrection; and the Heavens [shall be] rolled together in his right
hand.”
Irving “The whole Earth will lie within His grasp on Resurrection Day,
while Heaven will be folded up in His right hand. Glory be to Him.”
Dawood “But on the day of resurrection he will hold the entire Earth in
his grasp and fold up the Heavens in his right hand.”

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 57

1. God grasps hold of the Solid Sky

Surah 22:65 , Surah 35:41

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 58

 Surah 22:65 God holds up the Sky
Pickthall “And He holdeth back the Heaven from falling on the Earth
unless by His leave.”
Yusuf Ali “He withholds the Sky (rain*) from falling on the Earth except
by His leave: for God is Most Kind and Most Merciful to man.”
Hilali-Khan “He withholds the Heaven from falling on the Earth except
by His Leave.”
Shakir “And He withholds the Heaven from falling on the Earth except
with His permission.”
Sher Ali “And He holds back the Heaven lest it should fall on the Earth
save by His leave.”
Khalifa “He prevents the Heavenly bodies from crashing onto the Earth,
except in accordance with His command.”

*The word “rain” is not in the original Arabic. This is an example of

altering the wording of the Koran in order to cover up an absurdity.
20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 59
 Surah 22:65 Continued
Arberry and He holds back Heaven lest it should fall upon the Earth,
save by His leave
Palmer and He holds back the Sky from falling on the Earth save at His
bidding?
Rodwell And He holdeth back the Heaven that it fall not on the Earth,
unless He permit it
Sale And he with-holdeth the Heaven that it fall not on the Earth, unless
by his permission
Irving “He holds back the Sky from falling down on the Earth except
with His permission.”
Dawood “He holds the Sky from falling down upon the Earth: This he
shall not do except by his own leave.”

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 60

 Surah 22:65 According to Khalifa

Khalifa distorts the

words of the Koran
in order to try & cover
up the absurd
suggestion that the
Sky might fall.

However, the idea of

Planets falling to
Earth is ridiculous.

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 61

 Surah 22:65 According to Khalifa

The idea of Heavenly

bodies falling down
to Earth is even more
absurd if the Sun is
included.

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 62

 Surah 22:65 According to Khalifa

Furthermore, many
Stars are many
times larger than the
Sun, never mind the
Earth.

How could these stars

fall to Earth?

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 63

 Surah 35:41God holds Heaven and
Earth firmly in position

Heaven / Sky

Earth

Above: God’s hands reach down from above in order to grasp Heaven
& Earth and hold them firmly in position.
20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 64
 Surah 35:41 God holds Heaven and
Earth firmly in position
Pickthall “Lo! Allah graspeth the Heavens & the Earth that they deviate not,
& if they were to deviate there is not one that could grasp them after Him.”
Yusuf Ali “It is God Who sustains the Heavens & the Earth, lest they cease
(to function): & if they should fail, there is none - not one - can sustain them
thereafter.”
Hilali-Khan “Verily! Allah grasps the Heavens & the Earth lest they move
away from their places, & if they were to move away from their places,
there is not one that could grasp them after Him.”
Shakir “Surely Allah upholds the Heavens & the Earth lest they come to
naught; & if they should come to naught, there Is none who can uphold
them after Him.”
Sher Ali “Surely, Allah holds the Heavens & the Earth lest they deviate from
their positions. & if they did deviate, none can hold them back but He.”
Khalifa “God is the One who holds the Heavens & the Earth, lest they
vanish. If anyone else is to hold them, they will most certainly vanish.”
20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 65
 Surah 35:41 Continued
Arberry “God holds the Heavens and the Earth, lest they remove; did they
remove, none would hold them after Him. Surely He is All-clement, All-
forgiving.”
Palmer “Verily, God holds back the Heavens and the Earth lest they should
decline; and if they should decline there is none to hold them back after
Him; verily, He is clement, forgiving.”
Rodwell “Verily God holdeth fast the Heavens and the Earth that they pass
not away: and if they were passing away none could hold them back but He:
for He is Kind, Gracious.”
Sale “Verily God sustaineth the Heavens and the Earth, lest they fail: And if
they should fail, none could support the same besides him; he is gracious
[and] merciful.”
Irving “God grasps both Heaven and Earth lest either one should slip out of
place. If either should slip out of place, no one else would hold on to them
besides Him. God is lenient, forgiving.”
Dawood “It is God who keeps the Heavens and the Earth from
falling.Should they fall, none could hold them back but him.Gracious is God
and 20forgiving.”
th
March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 66
 Surah 35:41 God holds Heaven and
Earth firmly in position

Left: Greek picture

from about 500BC
showing the Titan,
Atlas holding up the
Sky.

In the Koran, Allah

is said to hold up
the Sky.

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 67

 1. The Sky was part of the Earth
before being lifted up.

Surah 21:30,Surah 51:47, Surah 55:7

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 68

 Surah 21:30 God lifts up the Sky

God is described as lifting up the Sky during the creation of the

Universe. This implies that the Sky is a solid object that can be
touched.

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 69

Surah 21:30 Separation of Earth & Sky
Pickthall “Have not those who disbelieve known that the Heavens & the
Earth were of one piece, then We parted them?”
Yusuf Ali “Do not the Unbelievers see that the Heavens & the Earth
were joined together (as one unit of creation), before we clove them
asunder?”
Hilali-Khan “Have not those who disbelieve known that the Heavens &
the Earth were joined together as one united piece, then We parted
them? “
Shakir “Do not those who disbelieve see that the Heavens & the Earth
were closed up, but We have opened them?”
Sher Ali “Do not the disbelievers see that the Heavens & the Earth
were a closed up-mass, then We opened them out?”
Khalifa “Do the unbelievers not realize that the Heaven & the Earth
used to be one solid mass that we exploded into existence?”

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 70

 Surah 21:30 Continued
Arberry “Have not the unbelievers then beheld that the Heavens and
the Earth were a mass all sewn up, and then We unstitched them?”
Palmer “Do not those who misbelieve see that the Heavens and the
Earth were both solid, and we burst them asunder?”
Rodwell “Do not the infidels see that the Heavens and the Earth were
both a solid mass, and that we clave them asunder?”
Sale “Do not the unbelievers therefore know, that the Heavens and the
Earth were solid, and we clave the same in sunder?”
Irving “Have not those who disbelieve seen how Heaven and Earth
were once one solid mass which We ripped apart?“
Dawood “Are the disbelievers aware that the Heavens and the Earth
were of one solid mass which we tore asunder?”

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 71

 Egyptian God Shu raises up the Sky

In Egyptian Mythology,
the Air God Shu
raised up Nut the
Sky Goddess Above
Geb, the Earth God.

Surah 21:30 is just

another version of
this Myth.

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 72

Surah 51:47 God lifted up the Sky with
his hands.
Pickthall “We have built the Heaven with might, and We it is Who make
the vast extent (thereof).”
Yusuf Ali “With power and skill did We construct the Firmament: for it is
We Who create the vastness of pace.”
Hilali-Khan “With power did We construct the Heaven. Verily, We are
Able to extend the vastness of space thereof.”
Shakir “And the Heaven, We raised it high with power, and most surely
We are the makers of things ample.”
Sher “Ali And We have built the Heavens with Our own hands, and,
verily, WE have vast powers.”
Khalifa “We constructed the Sky with our hands, and we will continue to
expand it.”

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 73

 Surah 51:47 Continued

Arberry “And Heaven -- We built it with might, and We extend it wide.”

Palmer “And the Heaven - we have built it with might, and, verily, we
do surely give it ample space!”
Rodwell “And the Heaven - with our hands have we built it up, and
given it its expanse.”
Sale “We have built the Heaven with might; and we have given [it] a
large extent.”
Irving “The Sky We have built firmly and We are extending it.”
Dawood “We built the Heaven with our might giving it a vast expanse.”

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 74

 Surah 55:7 God lifted up the Sky
Pickthall “And the Sky He hath uplifted; and He hath set the measure.”
Yusuf Ali “And the Firmament has He raised high, and He has set up
the Balance. (of Justice)”
Hilali-Khan “And the Heaven He has raised high, and He has set up the
Balance.”
Shakir “And the Heaven, He raised it high, and He made the balance.”
Sher Ali “And the Heaven He has raised high and set up the measure.”
Khalifa “He constructed the Sky and established the law.“
Arberry “And Heaven -- He raised it up, and set the Balance.”
Palmer “And the Heavens, He raised them and set the balance.”
Rodwell “And the Heaven, He hath reared it on high, and hath
appointed the balance.”
Sale “He also raised the Heaven; and he appointed the balance.”
Irving “While He has raised the Sky up and placed scales. [there]”
Dawood “He raised the Heaven on high and set the balance of all
things.”
20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 75
 • Bits of the Sky can fall to Earth.

Surah 17:92, Surah 22:65,Surah 26:187,

Surah 34:9,Surah 52:44

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 76

 The Sky might fall 1

The Koran refers to the

possibility of the Sky falling.
This implies a belief in a
solid Sky or Firmament.

Such a belief is similar to

of the story of Chicken
Little.

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 77

 The Sky might fall 2

Left: Chicken
Little after being
struck by a piece
of the Sky that
has fallen down.

The Koran
implies that the
Sky is solid & that
this is a very
real possibility.

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 78

 Surah 17:92 Pieces of the Sky falling
Pickthall “Or thou cause the Heaven to fall upon us piecemeal, as thou
hast pretended, or bring Allah and the angels as a warrant.”
Yusuf Ali "Or thou cause the Sky to fall in pieces, as thou sayest (will
happen), against us; or thou bring God and the angels before (us) face
to face.”
Hilali-Khan "Or you cause the Heaven to fall upon us in pieces, as you
have pretended, or you bring Allah and the angels before (us) face to
face.”
Shakir “Or you should cause the Heaven to come down upon us in
pieces as you think, or bring Allah and the angels face to face (with us).”
Sher Ali “Or, thou cause the Heaven to fall upon us in pieces, as thou
hast claimed, or, thou bring Allah and the angels before us face to face.”
Khalifa “Or unless you cause masses from the Sky, as you claimed, to
fall on us. Or unless you bring God and the angels before our eyes.”

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 79

 Surah 17:92 Continued
Arberry “Or till thou makest Heaven to fall, as thou assertest, on us in
fragments, or thou bringest God and the angels as a surety.”
Palmer “Or thou make the Sky to fall down upon us in pieces; or thou
bring us God and the angels before us.”
Rodwell “Or thou make the Heaven to fall on us, as thou hast given out,
in pieces; or thou bring God and the angels to vouch for thee.”
Sale “Or thou cause the Heaven to fall down upon us, as thou hast
given out, in pieces; or thou bring down God and the angels to vouch.
[for thee]”
Irving “Or you cause the Sky to fall in pieces on us just as you claim,
bring God and His angels to vouch for you.”
Dawood “Unless you cause the Sky to fall upon us in pieces as you
have threatened to do, or bring down God and the angels in our midst.”

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 80

 Surah 22:65 God stops the Sky from
falling
Pickthall “And He holdeth back the Heaven from falling on the Earth
unless by His leave.”
Yusuf Ali “He withholds the Sky (rain*) from falling on the Earth except
by His leave: for God is Most Kind and Most Merciful to man.”
Hilali-Khan “He withholds the Heaven from falling on the Earth except
by His Leave.”
Shakir “And He withholds the Heaven from falling on the Earth except
with His permission.”
Sher Ali “And He holds back the Heaven lest it should fall on the Earth
save by His leave.”
Khalifa “He prevents the Heavenly bodies from crashing onto the Earth,
except in accordance with His command.”
*The word “rain” is not in the original Arabic. This is an example of
altering the wording of the Koran in order to cover up an absurdity.
20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 81
 Surah 22:65 Continued

Arberry “And He holds back Heaven lest it should fall upon the Earth,
save by His leave.”
Palmer “And He holds back the Sky from falling on the Earth save at
His bidding.”
Rodwell “And He holdeth back the Heaven that it fall not on the Earth,
unless He permit it
Sale “And he with-holdeth the Heaven that it fall not on the Earth,
unless by his permission
Irving “He holds back the Sky from falling down on the Earth except
with His permission.”
Dawood “He holds the Sky from falling down upon the Earth: This he
shall not do except by his own leave.”

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 82

 Surah 26:187 Bits of the Sky falling

Pickthall “Then make fragments of the Heaven fall upon us, if thou art
of the truthful.”
Yusuf Ali "Now cause a piece of the Sky to fall on us, if thou art
truthful!"
Hilali-Khan "So cause a piece of the Heaven to fall on us, if you are of
the truthful!"
Shakir “Therefore cause a portion of the Heaven to come down upon
us, if you are one of the truthful.”
Sher Ali “So cause fragments of the Sky to fall on us, if thou art truthful.'
Khalifa "Let masses from the Sky fall on us, if you are truthful."

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 83

 Surah 26:187 Continued

Arberry “Then drop down on us lumps from Heaven, if thou art one of
the truthful.”
Palmer “So make a portion of the Heaven to fall down upon us, if thou
art of those who tell the truth!”
Rodwell “Make now a part of the Heaven to fall down upon us, if thou
art a man of truth."
Sale “Cause now a part of the Heaven to fall upon us, if thou speakest
truth.”
Irving “Let a piece fall out of the Sky on us if you are so truthful.”
Dawood “Bring down upon us a part of Heaven if what you say be
true.”

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 84

 Surah 34:9 God can cause bits of the
Sky to fall
Pickthall “If We will, We can make the Earth swallow them, or cause
obliteration from the Sky to fall on them.”
Yusuf Ali “If We wished, We could cause the Earth to swallow them up,
or cause a piece of the Sky to fall upon them.”
Hilali-Khan “If We will, We shall sink the Earth with them, or cause a
piece of the Heaven to fall upon them.”
Shakir “If We please We will make them disappear in the land or bring
down upon them a portion from the Heaven.”
Sher Ali “If We please, We could cause the Earth to sink with them, or
cause pieces of the Sky to fall upon them.”
Khalifa I”f we willed, we could have caused the Earth to swallow them,
or caused masses to fall on them from the Sky.”

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 85

 Surah 34:9 Continued

Arberry “Did We will, We would make the Earth to swallow them, or We

would drop down on them lumps from Heaven.”
Palmer “If we pleased we would cleave the Earth open with them, or we
would make to fall upon them a portion of the Heaven.”
Rodwell “If such were our pleasure, we could sink them into that Earth,
or cause a portion of that Heaven to fall upon them!”
Sale “If we please, we will cause the Earth to open and swallow them
up, or will cause a piece of the Heaven to fall upon them.”
Irving “If We wished, We would let the Earth swallow them up or a
patch of sky drop down on them.”
Dawood “If we will, we can cause the Earth to cave in beneath their feet
or let fragments of the Sky fall upon them”

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 86

 Surah 52:44 Apiece of the Sky falling

Pickthall “And if they were to see a fragment of the Heaven falling, they
would say: A heap of clouds.””
Yusuf Ali “Were they to see a piece of the Sky falling (on them), they
would (only) say: "Clouds gathered in heaps!“”
Hilali-Khan “And if they were to see a piece of the Heaven falling down,
they would say: "Clouds gathered in heaps!“”
Shakir “And if they should see a portion of the Heaven coming down,
they would say: Piled up clouds.”
Sher Ali “And if they should see a fragment of the Sky falling down,
they would say, just clouds piled up.”
Khalifa “When they see masses falling from the Sky, they will say,
"Piled clouds!"

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 87

 Surah 52:44 Continued

Arberry “Even if they saw lumps falling from Heaven, they would say, 'A
massed cloud!‘”
Palmer “But if they should see a fragment of the Sky falling down, they
would say, 'Clouds in masses!‘”
Rodwell “And should they see a fragment of the Heaven falling down,
they would say, "It is only a dense cloud." “
Sale “If they should see a fragment of the Heaven falling down [upon
them], they would say, [it is only] a thick cloud.”
Irving “If they ever saw some object falling out of the Sky, they would
say: 'Some clouds have been piled up.“”
Dawood “If they say a part of Heaven falling down, they would still say
“It is but a mass of clouds!””

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 88

 The Kaaba in Mecca - A fragment of
Heaven?

Kaaba

Many believe that the black stone in the Kaaba is a meteorite that fell in
Pre-Islamic times and that the Pagan Arabs worshiped it as they believed
that it came from Heaven and was therefore Holy & worthy of worship.
20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 89
1. The Sky is a solid Barrier to keep
the Djinn out of Heaven

Surah 15:14-18, Surah 55:33

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 90

 The Djinn

Left: Imam Ali battles the Djinn.

Ali was the cousin and
nephew of Mohammed.

In Islam, Good created three

categories of sentient beings.
Humans from clay, Angels from
light & Djinn from fire.

The Djinn, or Genies are said to

possess magical powers.

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 91

 The Sky is described as a Barrier to
control the Djinn

Many verses of
the Koran
Barrier of the Sky describe the Sky
as being barrier
to prevent the
Djinn or Genies
from climbing
up to Heaven.
This suggests
a belief in a solid
Sky.

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 92

 Keeping the Djinn out of Heaven

Heaven
Solid Barrier

Djinn
Djinn Djinn

Earth

According to the Koran, one of the functions of the Sky is to act as

a barrier to keep the Djinn from climbing up to Heaven. This implies
that the Sky is solid.

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 93

 Surah 15:14-15 Opening the Gates
of Heaven for Men and Djinn
Heaven
Gates of Heaven opened Gates of Heaven opened

Men & Djinn

Earth

The Koran mentions God opening the Gates of Heaven in order to

let both Humanity and the Djinn enter Heaven. The reference to
Gates in the Sky that can be opened implies that the Sky is solid.

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 94

 Surah 15:14-15 Gates in the Sky
Pickthall “And even if We opened unto them a gate of Heaven & they
kept mounting through it, They would say: Our sight is wrong - nay, but
we are folk bewitched.”
Yusuf Ali “Even if We opened out to them a gate from Heaven, & they
were to continue (all day) ascending therein, They would only say:
"Our eyes have been intoxicated: Nay, we have been bewitched by
sorcery."
Hilali-Khan “And even if We opened to them a gate from the Heaven
& they were to continue ascending thereto, They would surely say:
"Our eyes have been (as if) dazzled. Nay, we are a people bewitched."
Shakir “And even if We open to them a gateway of Heaven, so that
they ascend into it all the while, They would certainly say: Only our
eyes have been covered over, rather we are an enchanted people”.

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 95

 Surah 15:14-15 Continued
Sher Ali “And even if we open to them a gate in Heaven, & they kept
ascending through it, They would surely say, `Only our eyes are
dazed; rather we are a bewitched people‘”
Khalifa “Even if we opened for them a gate into the Sky, through which
they climb. they will say, "Our eyes have been deceived. We have
been bewitched.“”
Arberry “Though We opened to them a gate in Heaven, and still they
mounted through it, yet would they say, 'Our eyes have been dazzled;
nay, we are a people bewitched!‘”
Palmer “But had we opened to them a door of the Sky and they had
mounted up into it all the while; then also had they said, 'Our eye-sight
is only intoxicated; nay, we are an enchanted people!‘”

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 96

 Surah 15:14-15 Continued
Rodwell “Even were We to open above them a gate in Heaven, yet all
the while they were mounting up to it, They would surely say: It is only
that our eyes are drunken: nay, we are a people enchanted.”
Sale “If we should open a gate in the heaven above them, and they
should ascend thereto all the day long,they would surely say, our eyes
are only dazzled; or rather we are a people deluded by enchantments.”
Irving “Even though We opened up a gate to Heaven for them so they
might keep on climbing into it, they still would say: "Our eyesight has
been dazzled-in fact, we are enchanted folk!"
Dawood “If we opened for the unbelievers, a gate in Heaven and they
ascended through it, higher and higher, they would say “our eyes were
dazzled:surely we must have bee bewitched.”

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 97

 Surah 55:33 More Gates in the Sky

Pickthall “O company of jinn and men, if ye have power to penetrate (all)

regions of the Heavens and the Earth, then penetrate (them)! Ye will
never penetrate them save with (Our) sanction.”
Yusuf Ali “O ye assembly of jinns and men! If it be ye can pass beyond
the zones of the Heavens and the Earth, pass ye! not without authority
shall ye be able to pass!”
Hilali-Khan “O assembly of jinns and men! If you have power to pass
beyond the zones of the Heavens and the Earth, then pass (them)! But
you will never be able to pass them, except with authority (from Allah)!”
Shakir “O assembly of the jinn and the men! If you are able to pass
through the regions of the Heavens and the Earth, then pass through;
you cannot pass through but with authority.”

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 98

 Surah 55:33 Continued
Sher Ali “O company of jinn and men! if you have power to break
through the confines of the Heavens and the Earth, then break through
them. But you cannot break through save with authority.”
Khalifa “O you jinns and humans, if you can penetrate the outer limits
of the Heavens and the Earth, go ahead and penetrate. You cannot
penetrate without authorization.”
Arberry “O tribe of jinn and of men, if you are able to pass through the
confines of Heaven and Earth, pass through them! You shall not pass
through except with an authority.”
Palmer “O assembly of ginns and mankind! if ye are able to pass
through the confines of Heaven and Earth then pass through them!- ye
cannot pass through save by authority!”

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 99

 Surah 55:33 Continued
Rodwell “O company of djinn and men, if ye can overpass the bounds
of the Heavens and the Earth, then overpass them. But by our leave
only shall ye overpass the.”
Sale “O ye collective body of genii and men, if ye be able to pass out
of the confines of Heaven and Earth, pass forth: Ye shall not pass
forth but by absolute power.”
Irving “0 company of sprites and humankind,if you can manage to
penetrate beyond the realms of Heaven and Earth and then pass
beyond them! Yet you will only penetrate them through some
authority.”
Dawood “Mankind and djinn, if you have the power to penetrate the
confines of Heaven and Earth, then penetrate them! But you shall not
do except with Our Own authority.”

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 100

1. The Heavens and the Earth like a
container

Surah 21:16, Surah 43:85, Surah 46:3

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 101

 Left: The Milky Way
The Heaven and the Galaxy where we live.

Earth? On this scale, Earth is

far too small to be
seen & there are 1000
billion Galaxies like
this or similar in the
Universe.

In the Koran, the

phrase “the Heaven
& the Earth” is used
as a synonym for
the Universe as if
the Earth were
comparable in size
to the rest of the
Universe.
This is absurd.

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 102

 Container Universe
The Universe of the
1
Koran is a very small
place.
3 It consists of two parts
of roughly equal size &
Flat Earth the space between
them.
2 8. Heaven (Seven levels)
9. Earth (Including Hell)
Hell 10. The Space between
Them.
The Sky is like the lid of
a container above a Flat
Earth

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 103

 Surah 21:16 Heaven & Earth & all
between them
Pickthall “We created not the Heaven and the Earth and all that is
between them in play.”
Yusuf Ali “Not for (idle) sport did We create the Heavens and the Earth
and all that is between!”
Hilali-Khan “We created not the Heavens and the Earth and all that is
between them for a (mere) play.”
Shakir “And We did not create the Heaven and the Earth and what is
between them for sport.”
Sher Ali “And We created not the Heaven and the Earth and all that is
between the two in sport.”
Khalifa “We did not create the Heavens and the Earth, and everything
between them just for amusement.”

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 104

 Surah 21:16 Continued

Arberry “We created not the Heaven and the Earth, and whatsoever
between them is, as playing.”
Palmer “We did not create the Heaven and the Earth and what is
between the two in play.”
Rodwell “We created not the Heaven and the Earth, and what is
between them, for sport.”
Sale “We created not the Heavens and the Earth, and that which is
between them, by way of sport.”
Irving “We did not create Heaven and Earth and whatever lies in
between them while just playing around.”
Dawood “It was not in sport that we created the Heaven and the Earth
and all that lies between them.”

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 105

 Surah 43:85 Heaven & Earth & all
between them
Pickthall “And blessed be He unto Whom belongeth the Sovereignty of
the Heavens and the Earth and all that is between them.”
Yusuf Ali “And blessed is He to Whom belongs the dominion of the
Heavens and the Earth, and all between them.”
Hilali-Khan “And blessed be He to Whom belongs the kingdom of the
Heavens and the Earth, and all that is between them.”
Shakir “And blessed is He Whose is the kingdom of the Heavens and
the Earth and what is between them.”
Sher Ali “And blessed is He to Whom belongs the Kingdom of the
Heavens and the Earth and all that is between them.”
Khalifa “Most Exalted is the One who possesses all sovereignty of the
Heavens and the Earth, and everything between them.”

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 106

 Surah 43:85 Continued
Arberry “Glory be to Him, to whom belongs the Kingdom of the
Heavens and the Earth and all that between them is.”
Palmer “And blessed be he whose is the kingdom of the Heavens and
the Earth, and what is between both.”
Rodwell “And Blessed be He whose is the kingdom of the Heavens and
of the Earth and of all that is between them.”
Sale “And blessed be he unto whom [appertaineth] the kingdom of
Heaven and Earth, and of whatever is between them.”
Irving “Blessed is He Who holds control over Heaven and Earth, and
anything in between them.”
Dawood “Blessed be he who has sovereignty over the Heavens and
the Earth and all that lies between them.”

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 107

 Surah 46:3 Heaven & Earth & all
between them
Pickthall “We created not the Heavens and the Earth and all that is
between them save with truth, and for a term appointed.”
Yusuf Ali “We created not the Heavens and the Earth and all between
them but for just ends, and for a Term Appointed.”
Hilali-Khan “We created not the Heavens and the Earth and all that is
between them except with truth, and for an appointed term.”
Shakir “We did not create the Heavens and the Earth and what is
between them two save with truth and (for) an appointed term.”
Sher Ali “And We have not created the Heavens and the Earth and all
that is between them, but with an eternal purpose and for an appointed
term.”
Khalifa “We did not create the Heavens and the Earth, and everything
between them except for a specific purpose, and for a finite interim.”

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 108

 Surah 46:3 Continued

Arberry “We have not created the heavens and the earth, and what
between them is, save with the truth and a stated term.”
Palmer “We have only created the heavens and the earth and what is
between the two in truth and for an appointed time.”
Rodwell “We have not created the Heavens and the Earth and all that
is between them otherwise than in truth and for a settled term.”
Sale “We have not created the heavens, and the earth, and whatever is
between them, otherwise than in truth, and for a determined period.”
Irving “We have only created Heaven and Earth, and whatever lies
between them for the Truth and for a specific period.”
Dawood “It was but to manifest the truth that we created the Heavens
and the Earth and all that lies between them.”

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 109

1. There are seven levels or layers in
the Sky.

Surah 2:29,Surah 23:17, Surah 23:86

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 110

 Mesopotamian Cosmology

The three
Heavens

Multiple Heavens, or layers in a solid Sky were part of Ancient

Mesopotamian Cosmology.

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 111

 The Seven Heavens of the Ancient
Greeks

The Ancient Greeks believed in

7 the existence of seven solid layers
6 in the Sky.There was a layer for the
5 Sun, the Moon and the five
4 known Planets.
3 There was also an outer layer in
2 which the stars were believed to be
1 imbedded. The Stars were thought to
be just little lights.
The Koran also refers to Seven
Heavens.

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 112

 7
The Seven
6
5
Heavens in Islamic
4
Art
3 This traditional Islamic
Painting Shows
2 Mohammed visiting
the seven Heavens.
1
These are portrayed as
seven solid layers in
the Sky where good
Muslims go when they
die.

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 113

 Surah 2:29 Seven Heavens
Pickthall “He it is Who created for you all that is in the Earth. Then turned
He to the Heaven, and fashioned it as seven Heavens.”
Yusuf Ali “It is He Who hath created for you all things that are on Earth;
Moreover His design comprehended the Heavens, for He gave order and
perfection to the seven firmaments.”
Hilali-Khan “He it is Who created for you all that is on Earth. Then He
Istawa (rose over) towards the Heaven and made them seven Heavens
Shakir “He it is Who created for you all that is in the Earth, and He directed
Himself to the Heaven, so He made them complete seven Heavens.”
Sher Ali “He it is Who created for you all that is in the Earth; then He
turned towards the Heavens, and He perfected them as seven Heavens.”
Khalifa “He is the One who created for you everything on Earth, then
turned to the Sky and perfected seven universes therein.”

This is another distortion of the text by Khalifa. He seems to be trying

to make the Koran sound more scientific.The other 11 translations
contradict him however.
20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 114
 Surah 2:29 Continued

Arberry “It is He who created for you all that is in the Earth, then He
lifted Himself to Heaven and levelled them seven Heavens.”
Palmer “It is He who created for you all that is in the Earth, then he
made for the Heavens and fashioned them seven Heavens.”
Rodwell “He it is who created for you all that is on Earth, then
proceeded to the Heaven, and into seven Heavens did He fashion it.”
Sale “It is he who hath created for you whatsoever is on Earth, and
then set his mind to [the creation of] Heaven, and formed it into seven
Heavens.”
Irving “He is the One Who has created everything that is on Earth for
you; then He soared up to Heaven and perfected it as seven Heavens.”
Dawood “He created for you all that the Earth contains:The ascending
to the Sky, he fashioned it into seven Heavens.”

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 115

 Surah 23:17 Seven Heavens
Pickthall “And We have created above you seven paths, and We are
never unmindful of creation.”
Yusuf Ali “And We have made, above you, seven tracts; and We are
never unmindful of (our) Creation.”
Hilali-Khan “And indeed We have created above you seven Heavens
(one over the other), and We are never unaware of the creation.“
Shakir “And certainly We made above you seven Heavens; and never
are We heedless of creation.”
Sher Ali “And We have created above you seven ways, and We are
never neglectful of the creation.”
Khalifa “We created above you seven universes in layers, and we are
never unaware of a single creature in them.”

This is a further distortion of the text by Khalifa. He seems to be trying

to make the Koran sound more scientific.The other 11 translations
contradict him however.
20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 116
 Surah 23:17 Continued

Arberry “And We created above you seven ways, and We were not
heedless of creation.”
Palmer “And we have created above you seven roads; nor are we
heedless of the creation.”
Rodwell “And we have created over you seven Heavens: - and we are
not careless of the creation.”
Sale “And we have created over you seven Heavens: And we are not
negligent of what we have created.”
Irving ” We have created seven orbits above you; We have not been
heedless about creation.”
Dawood “We have created seven Heavens above you:Of our creation
we are never heedless.”

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 117

 Surah 23:86 Seven Heavens

Pickthall “Say: Who is Lord of the seven Heavens, and Lord of the
Tremendous Throne?”
Yusuf Ali “Say: "Who is the Lord of the seven Heavens, and the Lord of
the Throne (of Glory) Supreme?"
Hilali-Khan “Say: "Who is (the) Lord of the seven Heavens, and (the)
Lord of the Great Throne?"
Shakir “Say: Who is the Lord of the seven Heavens and the Lord of the
mighty dominion?” “
Sher Ali “Say, `Who is the Lord of the seven Heavens, and the Lord of
the Great Throne?‘”
Khalifa “Say, "Who is the Lord of the seven universes; the Lord of the
great dominion?“”
More biased mistranslation by Khalifa.The other 11 translations
contradict his translation.
20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 118
 Surah 23:86 Continued

Arberry “Say: 'Who is the Lord of the seven Heavens and the Lord of
the mighty Throne?‘”
Palmer “Say, 'Who is Lord of the seven Heavens, and Lord of the
mighty throne?‘”
Rodwell “Say: Who is the Lord of the seven Heavens, and the Lord of
the glorious throne?”
Sale “Say, who is the Lord, of the seven Heavens, and the Lord of the
magnificent throne?”
Irving “Say: "Who is Lord of the Seven Heavens and Lord of the
splendid Throne?“”
Dawood “Say”Who is lord of the seven Heavens and of the glorious
throne?””

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 119

 The solid Sky
& the Seven
Heavens

In the Koran the Sky is a solid Dome over the Earth

as shown in item 02

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 120

 The Sky is described as a Canopy,
Roof or Dome in the Koran

Many verses of
the Koran
Canopy of the Sky describe the Sky
as being like a
Canopy, Roof or
Dome.

This also implies

a Flat circular
Earth beneath
the solid Sky.

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 121

 Conclusion: According to the Koran:
• The Sky is like a Canopy, Roof or Dome.
• The Sky is held up by hidden Pillars.
• The Sky is described as “Wide.”
• There are gates or openings in the Sky as well as mansions.
• The Sky can be ripped, torn or split.
• The Sky can be rolled up like a scroll.
• God grasps hold of the Sky to stop it moving.
• The Sky was part of the Earth before being lifted up.
• Bits of the Sky can fall to Earth.
• The Sky is a barrier against the Djinn.
• Heaven and Earth are the two halves of the Universe.
• There are seven levels or layers in the Sky.
• How can a book that teaches the above be from God?

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 122

20th March 2009 05 The Solid Sky Dome 123

Continued on next Presentation ……