MAHARANA PRATAP UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE & TECHNOLOGY COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY AND ENGINEERING, UDAIPUR DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION

ENGINEERING A SEMINAR ON TRANSPARENT DISPLAY

The transparent display is general term for display having the property whose bake of the screen is seen since the display itself has a certain degree of permeability. Display that allows the user to see what is shown on the glass screen while still being able to see through it. It is a technology that has been around for a decade or two, but only this year is it being incorporated by companies such as Samsung and Planar system into consumer products like handheld devices, televisions, and other technology.

The concept of a transparent screen has been in the works since the early 50s, however, were just now reaping the benefits of this incredible technology. A transparent screen uses AMOLED technology to display colors with no backlight.

1960s - ac-driven electroluminescent cells using doped anthracene was developed.

Anthracene is a solid poly cyclic aromatic hydrocarbon consisting of three fused benzene rings

In 1987 chin tang and van Slyke introduced the first light emitting diodes from thin organic layers. In 1990 electroluminescence in polymers was discovered (PPV) .

 AMOLED

OLED
LCD

AMOLED technology works using a TFT or thin film transistor screen (that doesnt require a backlight) made up of the organic lightemissive diode pixels to form a matrix. Combined with electrical energy, the pixels will illuminate the light to display whites and colors. Blacks are displayed on the transparent screen by in-active pixels. The thin film transistor is always controlling the current that tells the pixels how bright to shine. AMOLED (Active-Matrix Organic Light-Emitting Diode) is a display technology for use in mobile devices and televisions.

What is an OLED? OLED - Organic Light Emitting Diode

An OLED is any light emitting diode (LED) which emissive electroluminescent layer is composed of a film of organic compounds.

Architecture of OLEDs

Substrate (clear plastic, glass, foil) - The substrate supports the OLED. Anode (transparent) - The anode removes electrons (adds electron "holes") when a current flows through the device.
Organic layer: o Conducting layer - This layer is made of organic plastic molecules that transport "holes" from the anode. One conducting polymer used in OLEDs is polyaniline. o Emissive layer - This layer is made of organic plastic molecules (different ones from the conducting layer) that transport electrons from the cathode; this is where light is made. One polymer used in the emissive layer is polyfluorene. Cathode (may or may not be transparent depending on the type of OLED) - The cathode injects electrons when a current flows through the device.

A typical OLED is composed of a layer of organic materials situated between two electrodes, the anode and cathode, all deposited on a substrate. The organic molecules are electrically conductive as a result of delocalization of pi electrons caused by conjugation over all or part of the molecule. These materials have conductivity levels ranging from insulators to conductors, and therefore are considered organic semiconductors. The highest occupied and lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals (HOMO and LUMO) of organic semiconductors are analogous to the valence and conduction bands of inorganic semiconductors.

Types of OLEDs
Passive OLEDs The organic layer is between strips of cathode and anode that run perpendicular The intersections form the pixels Easy to make Use more power Best for small screens Active OLEDs Full layers of cathode and anode Anode over lays a thin film transistor (TFT) Requires less power Higher refresh rates Suitable for large screens

Current Research for OLEDs

Manufacturers focusing on finding a

cheap way to produce o "Roll-to-Roll" Manufacturing Increasing efficiency of blue luminance Boosting overall lifespan

Applications of OLEDs

TVs Cell Phone screens Computer Screens Keyboards (Optimus Maximus) Lights Portable Divice displays

Transparent LCD Display:

The LCD utilizes ambient light, with no internal back lighting requirement. For this reason, it is more energy efficient, cost effective and reliable than other displays of similar size.

Back-Light

The light generated by the backlight. The light is evenly distributed the light evenly over the LCD panel. Display enhancement films are placed between the light diffuser and the LCD panel. They aim to maximize the light reaching the observer.

Figures are curtsy of 3M

The transparent LCD enables to look through the display like glass on an exhibit or product behind it. This provides absolutely new presentation possibilities for museums, shopping malls where you can show a product or exhibit and put some additional information or animation on the LCD. The LCDs can also be equipped with interactive features like touch systems for example. The product is dedicated for creative people who make the content for such signage solutions or for AV system integrators who develop a complete concept.

ORION

SAMSUNG

 HP Samsung Planar

display-UCIC Technology Orion images Microsoft corporation

PLANAR LOOKTHRU SERIES SPECIFICATIONS

Model Name Viewable Size Orientation Viewing Angle (Typical) TD3200 31.5" Diagonal Portrait or Landscape 178 Horizontal and Vertical LT3200

Response Time (G-to-G, Typical)

8 msec

Display Type Display Resolution

LCD Active Matrix Flat Panel Display (TFT) 1366 x 768

Aspect Ratio Palette Pixel Pitch Refresh Rate Video Inputs Compatibility Power Supply Power Requirements

16:9 16.7 million colors 0.511 mm 50 to 60 Hz Digital (HDMI) and Display Port Windows XP, Vista, and 7; Linux, MAC External AC adapter 100-240 VAC (50/60 Hz)

Power Consumption

125W 3-Year Customer First Warranty featuring

Service and Support

Product Approvals

NRTL Listed, FCC-Class A, CE, RoHS

Contrast Ratio (Typical)

>1000:1

Contrast is in part determined by display brightness and this will be determined by the design of the enclosure

Brightness (Typical)

350 cd/m

Determined by enclosure design

Dimensions (W x H x D)

29.5" x 17.5" x 15.0"

29.9" x 17.8"

Interior Dimensions (W x H x D)

27.25 x 15.25 x 13.5

NA

Access Door Dimension

24.2" x 8.8"

NA

Display Weight (w/o stand)

Display Weight - 49 lbs (22.3 kg) Shipping Weight - 56.1 lbs |(25.7 kg)

Display Weight - 12.2 lbs (5.55 kg) Shipping weight - 33.0 lbs (15.0 kg)

VESA Compatible/Location

Built-in 200 x 200 mm VESA, back

NA The customer determines the enclosure

Advantages of OLEDs
OLED Displays Vs. LCD and Plasma

Much faster response time Consume significantly less energy Able to display "True Black" picture Wider viewing angles Thinner display Better contrast ratio Safer for the environment Has potential to be mass produced inexpensively OLEDs refresh almost 1,000 times faster then LCDs

OLED Lighting Vs. Incandescent and Fluorescent

Cheaper way to create flexible lighting Requires less power Better quality of light (ie. no "Cold Light") New design concepts for interior lighting

Disadvantages of OLEDs
OLED Displays Vs. LCD and Plasma Cost to manufacture is high Overall luminance degradation Constraints with lifespan Easily damaged by water Limited market availability

OLED Lighting Vs. Incandescent and Fluorescent Not as easy as changing a light bulb