The Battle of the Little Big Horn

Level 1-2 To be able to reasons why the US lost the Battle of the Little Big Horn. Level 2-3 To be able to the factors involved in the Indians defeating the US soldiers. Level 3-4 To be able to for Indian victory

reasons

Recap your learning last lesson. In pairs match the time period cards together with the explanation to show how the Indians were defeated.

Phase 1

1825 1840

The Great Plains was Indian country. Non Indians were not interested in this land

Phase 2 Phase 3

1840 1850 1850 1859

Pioneers, Mormons and gold miners all began to head west during this period.

Homesteaders began to settle. The government helped them. The Fort Laramie Treaty defined Indian area.

Phase 4

1859 1869

Great conflict between Indians and settlers with wars, battles and massacres such as the Sand Creek Massacre.

Phase 5

1869 1878

Gold was discovered in the Black Hills, there were more wars. The Sioux won the Battle of the Little Big Horn but lost the War.

Phase 6

1878 1890

The end of the Plains Indians way of life was brought about by the destruction of the Buffalo and the resettlement of Indians on reservations.

There are 3 Question Types

(1) Source based what can you learn from this source about *** What does this source tell you about *** (2) How & Why? why did people move west? Why were the *** successful? Why did the *** change/stay the same? Paper 1
1. 2. 3. 4.

(3) Roles & Factors What part did *** play in **** How important was **** in ***

Levels 1-2 (G-E) Describing Levels 2-3 (D-C) Explaining Levels 3-4 (B-A) Analysing
Q1) Create a guide to Unit 1 questions...

questions... Source interpretation question = 5 marks How and why question = 8 marks Roles and Factors (choice) = 12 marks Essay question (choice) 3 hints given = 15 marks

2) Here is a source and a question for you to study. Source A: What does this picture tell us about the Battle of the little Big Horn? (5 marks)
What can you learn from Source A? (i) Write the inference you can make from the supporting detail provided. (ii) Write the supporting detail that goes with the inference provided.

Watch the video and get a recap on the start of the battle
by White Bird, a Northern Cheyenne Inference One thing I can infer from Source A is that...(i) I can also infer that the US soldiers are suffering huge looses Supporting Detail I can infer this because the white soldiers have huddled together for support in a defensive position. I can infer this because... (ii)

An answer like this, with two inferences, both supported by detail in the source would gain full marks.

3) Create a flow chart to show events of the Battle of the Little Bighorn, 1876
Vocabulary Cavalry A branch of the army which rode on horseback General Sherman Commander General of the Army President Grant Fort Laramie Treaty An agreement between the Sioux and the US Government which created the Great Sioux Reservation

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

7.
8. 9.

The Sioux gathered with Sitting Bull Custer was sent to herd the Indians into the reservations. Custer found a Sioux village and 40 warriors on the Rosebud River Ignoring orders to wait, he attacked. There were 3x more Sioux than US soldiers. Custer divided his force into a 3 pronged attack to prevent Sioux escaping. Captain Frederick Benton Major Marcus Reno Lt. Colonel George Custer Oglala Sioux under Crazy Horse surrounded Custer in a pincer movement. Custer and his men shot their horses to form a wall but in less than an hour they were dead. In another days fighting Reno and Benton managed to escape as reinforcements arrived.

Causes or consequences?
A) 1872 Gold Discovered in the black Hills B) Sioux, Cheyenne's, Arapahos United G) Sitting Bull became the most famous Indian chief H) US Government did not stop the miners entering the Black Hill I) US Government planned to defeat the Indians J) Indians sent to reservations K) A famous Indian Victory L) US troops sent in to control miners M) Black Hills sacred-invaded by white miners

C) Battle of Wounded Knee

D) Defeat of the 7th Cavalry E) Many Indians fled to Canada F) Red Clouds peace treaty ignored

4) Colour code your list... Causes: Reason why something happened Consequences: The Result of something happening

Causes or consequences?
A) 1872 Gold Discovered in the black Hills B) Sioux, Cheyenne's, Arapahos United G) Sitting Bull became the most famous Indian chief H) US Government did not stop the miners entering the Black Hills I) US Government planned to defeat the Indians J) Indians sent to reservations K) A famous Indian Victory L) US troops sent in to control miners M) Black Hills sacred-invaded by white miners

C) Battle of Wounded Knee

D) Defeat of the 7th Cavalry E) Many Indians fled to Canada F) Red Clouds peace treaty ignored

4) Colour code your list... Causes: Reason why something happened Consequences: The Result of something happening

5) Lyric study: Jack Gladstones song, Valley of the Little Bighorn.

Lt. Col George Custer, Captain Benton, (left) and Major Reno

Crazy Horse

Sitting Bull

Watch this clip to reinforce your knowledge. Listen to the LYRICS a) From whose point of view is the ballad written? b) What is the meaning of the trail of thorns in the first stanza? c) To what does the phrase, But glory followed Custers men so with glory we were torn from the Valley of the Little Big Horn. refer?

Why were the Sioux able to defeat the United States Army at the Battle of Little Big Horn in 1876? (12 marks)
Level 1: (1-4 marks) Simple statement(s) supported by some knowledge e.g. Custer didnt wait for rest of army; outnumbered Level 2: (5-8 marks) Developed statement(s) supported by relevant knowledge e.g. narrates events of the battle, asserts reasons for loss Level 3: (9-12 marks) Analysis of reasons for Indian victory, supported by appropriately selected information e.g. unique circumstances of Indian gathering, leadership of Sitting Bull, superior weapons; mistakes by US soldiers

6) Create your own mark scheme from the edexcel guide above. Use your own words to make it really clear and easy to understand.

Why were the Sioux able to defeat the United States Army at the Battle of Little Big Horn in 1876? (12 marks)
Level 1-2 Blue page 78 Recap story in brief Explain there are many reasons to explain the defeat Discuss things Custer did wrong Discuss things that the Sioux did right Make an overall decision. Level 3-4 White page 143 145 Create your own plan. Try to use ... Point Explanation Evidence Refer back to Q (Analysis) There are many factors involved in the defeat of the 7th cavalry such as... I believe the most important is Because Also

You will have just 12 - 15 mins to answer this in the exam!

7) Answer the question above. Use the writing frame to help you. 8) Oracy: You need to be ready to read your conclusion out or give feedback to others e.g. what went well and even better if...?

Why were the Sioux able to defeat the United States Army at the Battle of Little Big Horn in 1876? (12 marks)

Making a judgement

Overall I believe that Sioux were able to beat the US army because... Point Evidence Explanation Refer back to the Now do the same but for another factor e.g. the Sioux question
had excellent morale due to Sitting Bulls vision!

Overall I believe that Sioux were able to beat the US army because Custer acted rashly . Custer attacked before waiting for reinforcements. This is due to the fact that Custer may have been a glory hunter he wanted to be a hero and beat the Sioux on his own. Regardless of the fact that the Sioux outnumbered the 7th Cavalry, the US had better weapons and artillery and so should have won easily, so therefore the Sioux were able to defeat the US army because of the actions of Custer.

How do you feel about your learning today?

Level 1-2 I am able to Level 2-3 I am able to Level 3-4 I am able to reasons why the US lost the Battle of the Little Big Horn. the factors involved in the Indians defeating the US soldiers. reasons for Indian victory

Task List Starter sorting exercise 1. Guide to paper 1 2. Source question 3. Flow chart events of little big horn 4. Colour code causes and consequences 5. Lyric study questions a-c 6. Student friendly mark scheme 7. Exam practice