Problem Definition

Aero acoustic tests of seven airfoils were performed in

an open wind tunnel . Out of which six of the airfoils are used on small wind turbines at low Reynolds number. Comparison is made for different airfoil sections and airfoil producing less noise is determined.

Introduction
With reference to many aerofoil profiles, a method to design new aerofoil shapes has been undertaken in this research work by altering the position of maximum thickness along the aerofoil chord.
The 4-digit NACA aerofoil series has been chosen as reference to start with.

Experimental investigations have been carried out on the standard NACA 0012 symmetrical aerofoil and the responses to the changes in the aerofoil shapes have been noted.

 Starting from the pressure variations to the aerodynamic characteristics and structural strength, different shapes give various comparative results. For varying Mach number and Angle of Attack, the results are compared and charted. Shape is an important factor in deciding the aerofoil performance and control.

 The aerodynamic characteristics cause changes to the aerodynamic forces and pressures on the upper and lower surfaces of the aerofoil. The works done so far in the history of aerofoil have led to the usage of many aerofoil families and shapes. By analyzing the air flow over and around the aerofoil for different flow conditions, the shape can be changed as desired to yield a better output in the form of a smoother flow.

Balanced approach to aircraft noise management consists of identifying the noise problem at an airport and then analysing the various measures available to reduce noise through the exploration of four principle elements.. NamelyReduction at source Land use planning and management. Noise abatement operational procedures

Wind tunnel is a research tool used in aerodynamic

research. It is used to study the effects of air moving past solid objects. Types: 1)Open continuity and Bernoulli's 2)Closed- Continuity law and used for isentropic flow

There is no evidence that audible sounds

emitted by wind turbines have direct physiological

effects.
The sound produce by wind turbines are not

unique.
Mechanical noise is usually minimum-

aerodynamic blade noise is often less than noise of wind.

Source of turbine blade noise

Inflow turbulence
Turbulent boundary layer trailing edge interaction. Separated flow Vortex shedding Trailing edge bluntness

NACA 0012 Symmetric aerofoil

The reason to choose the NACA 0012 symmetic

aerofoil. It reduces the complexity in design and imparts easiness in the design modification of the aerofoil & reduces problem of Cp with varying angles of attack.

Eight modified aerofoil profiles

 Design specifications:

Tests were conducted on seven airfoil models, each having a 22.86 cm chord and a 0.51m span six of the airfoils are either being used or considered for use on small wind turbine blades. These are the FX 63-137, S822, S834, (Selig-Donovan) SD2030, (Selig-Giguere) SG6043, and (Selig-hanley) SH3055.

FX 63-137

x/c 1.000000 .987490 .967924 .006299 .013921

y/c .000000

SAMPLE AIRFOIL DESIGN OF S822:

Future work
Calculation of turbulence grid for different airfoil

sections. Comparison of camber Cl and Cd, L/D, angle of attack range for the airfoil sections. using the source plots noise originating from the model is estimated.